分类目录归档：软件开发

Oracle数据块编辑工具( Oracle Block Editor Tool)-obet

发表于 2025 年 11 月 8 日 由 惜分飞

由于oracle后续版本对于bbed的支持不是太友好(从10g之后无法直接编译使用,win版本偏移量错误等),基于这些情况,结合当前ai的便利,自己动手写了一个基础版的obet(Oracle Block Editor Tool)【下载obet】,用来实现在某些情况下Oracle 数据块的编辑工作.目前(2025年11月10日)发布第一版主要功能有:
1. 通过16进制查看数据文件任何偏移量位置的数据(d/dump)
2. 通过16进制编辑数据文件任何偏移量位置的数据(m/modify)
3. 对oracle 数据块的tailchk自动修复(tailchk apply)
4. 对oracle 数据块的checksum自动修复(sum apply)
5. 数据文件之间部分数据拷贝功能(coopy)
6. 支持p/print打印Oracle文件头结构
第二版进行了一些功能的完善,具体见:obet(Oracle Block Editor Tool)第二版发布

启动软件界面

[root@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]# ./obet
=============================================
Welcome to Oracle Block Editor Tool (OBET)
=============================================

***** !!! For Oracle Internal Use only !!! *****

[Software Function Description]
- View and edit data block in hexadecimal format
- Automatically repair tailchk and checksum
- Copy data between different data files
- Mark data block as corrupted block

[Developer Information]
- Name: XiFenFei
- Phone: +86-17813235971
- Email: dba@xifenfei
- Q Q: 107644445
- WeChat: 17813235971
- Website: https://www.xifenfei.com

[Version Details]
- Software Version: v2025.11.001
- Build Date: 2025.11.07

=============================================
Type 'help' for command list | 'exit' to quit
=============================================

==================================================
Software License Status: Authorized
==================================================

使用说明

OBET> help
OBET (Oracle Block Editor Tool) commands:
  open <config_file>    - Load file list from config file (format: <num> <path>)
  info                  - Show loaded file list (from open command)
  set filename <path>   - Set target file path (required)
  set file <num>        - Set filename using loaded file number (from open list)
  set blocksize <size>  - Set block size (2048,4096,[8192],16384,32768)
  set block <num>       - Set block number (starts from 0, default: 1)
  set offset <offset>   - Set offset within block (< blocksize, default: 0)
  set count <bytes>     - Set number of bytes to read (default: 32)
  set mode edit/browse  - Enable edit/browse mode
  d/dump [options]      - Display data (options: block X, offset Y, count N)
  m/modify <hex> [opts] - Modify data with hex (opts: block X, offset Y)
  undo                  - Undo last modification
  sum [block X]         - Calculate checksum for block (default: current block)
  sum apply [block X]   - Apply checksum: write calculated value to block
  tailchk [block X]     - Calculate tailchk for block (default: current block)
  tailchk apply [block X] - Apply tailchk: write calculated value to block
  copy <src> to <dest>  - Copy data between files
    <src> format: file,block,offset,count (e.g., 1,1,10,64)
    <dest> format: file[,block][,offset] (e.g., 3 or 3,1 or 3,1,128)
  corrupt [block X]     - Mark block as corrupted (default: current block)
  show                  - Display current settings (filename, blocksize, block, offset, count, mode)
  license               - Show/manage software license (registration code required)
  version               - Show software version and developer information
  help                  - Show this help message
  quit/exit             - Exit OBET

加载数据文件

--使用open打开数据文件列表(格式: 编号  路径)
OBET> open /tmp/3.txt
Loaded 4 files from config file '/tmp/3.txt'.

OBET> info

Loaded files (4 total):
----------------------------------------
Number  Path
----------------------------------------
     1  /u01/xifenfei/system01.dbf
     2  /u01/xifenfei/sysaux01.dbf
     3  /u01/xifenfei/undotbs01.dbf
     4  /u01/xifenfei/users01.dbf
----------------------------------------

OBET> set file 1
filename set to: /u01/xifenfei/system01.dbf (file#1)

--或者直接使用 set filename
OBET> set filename /tmp/system01.dbf
filename set to: /tmp/system01.dbf

进入数据文件特定位置

OBET> set file 2
filename set to: /u01/xifenfei/sysaux01.dbf (file#2)

OBET> set block 5
block set to: 5

OBET> set offset 128
offset set to: 128

16进制方式查看数据

OBET> d

File: /u01/xifenfei/system01.dbf
Block: 1                Offsets:     0 to    31
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
00002000 0BA20000 01004000 00000000 00000104 224D0000 00000000 0004200B A2DB266A 

<32 bytes read>

OBET> dump block 521 offset 128

File: /u01/xifenfei/system01.dbf
Block: 521                Offsets:   128 to   159
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
00412080 5E068D05 C6040000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 

<32 bytes read>

OBET> set count 128
count set to: 128

OBET> d

File: /u01/xifenfei/system01.dbf
Block: 1                Offsets:     0 to   127
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
00002000 0BA20000 01004000 00000000 00000104 224D0000 00000000 0004200B A2DB266A 
00002020 58494645 4E464549 AC020000 00720100 00200000 01000300 00000000 00000000 
00002040 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 
00002060 08024000 07000000 00000000 7DC92131 64676345 06200E00 00000000 00000000 

<128 bytes read>

16进制方式修改数据块内容(一般修改数据块内容之后建议校验tailchk和sum)

OBET> d

File: /u01/xifenfei/system01.dbf
Block: 1                Offsets:     0 to   127
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
00002000 0BA20000 01004000 00000000 00000104 224D0000 00000000 0004200B A2DB266A 
00002020 58494645 4E464549 AC020000 00720100 00200000 01000300 00000000 00000000 
00002040 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 
00002060 08024000 07000000 00000000 7DC92131 64676345 06200E00 00000000 00000000 

<128 bytes read>

OBET> m 0123

Confirm modification:
File: /u01/xifenfei/system01.dbf
Block: 1
Offset: 0 (file offset: 0x00002000)
Original value: 0B
New value:      0123
Confirm? (Y/YES to proceed): y
Verification successful: Data written correctly.
Modified 2 bytes at offset 0x00002000 successfully.

OBET> d

File: /u01/xifenfei/system01.dbf
Block: 1                Offsets:     0 to   127
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
00002000 01230000 01004000 00000000 00000104 224D0000 00000000 0004200B A2DB266A 
00002020 58494645 4E464549 AC020000 00720100 00200000 01000300 00000000 00000000 
00002040 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 
00002060 08024000 07000000 00000000 7DC92131 64676345 06200E00 00000000 00000000 

<128 bytes read>

tail和checksum修改

OBET> tailchk
Check tailchk for File /u01/xifenfei/system01.dbf, Block 1:
current = 0x010B0000, required = 0x01010000

OBET> sum
Check value for File /u01/xifenfei/system01.dbf, Block 1:
current = 0x224D, required = 0x28CC

OBET> tailchk apply

Confirm applying tailchk:
File: /u01/xifenfei/system01.dbf
Block: 1
Offset in block: 8188 (file offset: 0x00003FFC)
Original value: 0x010B0000
New value:      0x01010000
Confirm? (Y/YES to proceed): y
Verification successful: Stored tailchk matches calculated value (0x01010000).
Tailchk applied successfully.

OBET> sum apply

Confirm applying checksum:
File: /u01/xifenfei/system01.dbf
Block: 1
Offset in block: 16 (file offset: 0x00002010)
Original value: 0x224D
New value:      0x28C6
Confirm? (Y/YES to proceed): y
Verification successful: Stored checksum matches calculated value (0x28C6).
Checksum applied successfully.

两个数据文件之前拷贝数据(一般copy数据之后建议校验tailchk和sum)
一般情况下文件之间的拷贝就是数据号不一样,比如修改checkpoint,resetlog信息等,这里支持不一样偏移量,不一样数据块的拷贝

OBET> copy 1,1,0,128 to 3,5,128

Confirm copy:
Source: file#1 (/u01/xifenfei/system01.dbf), block 1, offset 0, 128 bytes
Target: file#3 (/u01/xifenfei/undotbs01.dbf), block 5, offset 128
Proceed? (Y/YES to confirm): y
Copy successful: 128 bytes copied from file #1 to file #3.

OBET> set file 3
filename set to: /u01/xifenfei/undotbs01.dbf (file#3)

OBET> d block 5 offset 128

File: /u01/xifenfei/undotbs01.dbf
Block: 5                Offsets:   128 to   255
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0000A080 0BA20000 01004000 00000000 00000104 224D0000 00000000 0004200B A2DB266A 
0000A0A0 58494645 4E464549 AC020000 00720100 00200000 01000300 00000000 00000000 
0000A0C0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 
0000A0E0 08024000 07000000 00000000 7DC92131 64676345 06200E00 00000000 00000000 

<128 bytes read>

OBET> set file 1
filename set to: /u01/xifenfei/system01.dbf (file#1)

OBET> dump block 1 offset 0

File: /u01/xifenfei/system01.dbf
Block: 1                Offsets:     0 to   127
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
00002000 0BA20000 01004000 00000000 00000104 224D0000 00000000 0004200B A2DB266A 
00002020 58494645 4E464549 AC020000 00720100 00200000 01000300 00000000 00000000 
00002040 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 
00002060 08024000 07000000 00000000 7DC92131 64676345 06200E00 00000000 00000000 

<128 bytes read>

标记数据块为坏块功能


OBET> show 

Current settings:
File: /u01/xifenfei/system01.dbf
Blocksize: 8192 bytes
Block: 1
Offset in block: 0 (file offset: 0x00002000)
Count: 128 bytes
Mode: edit
Loaded files: 4 (use 'info' to list)

OBET> corrupt

Confirm modification:
File: /u01/xifenfei/system01.dbf
Block: 1
Offset: 14 (file offset: 0x0000200E)
Original value: 01
New value:      FF
Are you sure to set this block corrupted? (Y/YES to proceed): y
Verification successful: Block 1 marked as corrupted (offset 14 set to 0xFF).
Modification successful.

使用p/print打印文件头结构

OBET> p
Error: Missing param.  The main commands include:

Supported structure display (one-level only):
  p tailchk                         - Block tail check
  p kcvfh                           - Complete KCVFH structure
  p kcvfh.kcvfhbfh                  - File header block
  p kcvfh.kcvfhhdr                  - File header descriptor
  p kcvfh.kcvfhrdb                  - Database block
  p kcvfh.kcvfhcrs                  - Creation SCN
  p kcvfh.kcvfhcrt                  - Creation time
  p kcvfh.kcvfhrlc                  - Reset log SCN
  p kcvfh.kcvfhrls                  - Reset logs SCN
  p kcvfh.kcvfhbti                  - Backup table info
  p kcvfh.kcvfhbsc                  - Basic SCN
  p kcvfh.kcvfhbth                  - Backup table header
  p kcvfh.kcvfhsta                  - Status
  p kcvfh.kcvfhbcp                  - Checkpoint info
  p kcvfh.kcvfhbhz                  - Block size header
  p kcvfh.kcvfhxcd                  - Extended checkpoint
  p kcvfh.kcvfhtsn                  - Tablespace number
  p kcvfh.kcvfhtln                  - Tablespace name length
  p kcvfh.kcvfhtnm                  - Tablespace name
  p kcvfh.kcvfhrfn                  - Relative file number
  p kcvfh.kcvfhrfs                  - Recovery info
  p kcvfh.kcvfhrft                  - Recovery time
  p kcvfh.kcvfhafs                  - Auxiliary recovery
  p kcvfh.kcvfhbcs                  - Backup control
  p kcvfh.kcvfhofb                  - Offset bytes
  p kcvfh.kcvfhnfb                  - Next offset bytes
  p kcvfh.kcvfhprc                  - Recovery related
  p kcvfh.kcvfhprs                  - Recovery structure
  p kcvfh.kcvfhprfs                 - Recovery finish
  p kcvfh.kcvfhcpc                  - Checkpoint count
  p kcvfh.kcvfhrts                  - Reset time
  p kcvfh.kcvfhccc                  - Change count
  p kcvfh.kcvfhtrt                  - Total reset time
  p kcvfh.kcvfhckp                  - Complex checkpoint

Note: Only one-level structure access is supported.
Example: 'p kcvfh.kcvfhhdr' shows the complete kcvfhhdr structure.
No multi-level access like 'p kcvfh.kcvfhhdr.kccfhtyp' is supported.

OBET> p kcvfh
File: /u01/xifenfei/users01.dbf
Size: 8192 bytes
Block: 1

struct kcvfh, 1272 bytes                      @0       
   struct kcvfhbfh, 20 bytes                   @0       
      ub1 type_kcbh                            @0        0x0B
      ub1 frmt_kcbh                            @1        0xA2
      ub2 wrp2_kcbh                            @2        0x0000
      ub4 rdba_kcbh                            @4        0x01000001
      ub4 bas_kcbh                             @8        0x00000000
      ub2 wrp_kcbh                             @12       0x0000
      ub1 seq_kcbh                             @14       0x01
      ub1 flg_kcbh                             @15       0x04
      ub2 chkval_kcbh                          @16       0x15CC
      ub2 spare3_kcbh                          @18       0x0000
   struct kcvfhhdr, 76 bytes                   @20      
      ub4 kccfhswv                            @20      0x00000000
      ub4 kccfhcvn                            @24      0x0B200400
      ub4 kccfhdbi                            @28      0x6A26DBA2
      text kccfhdbn[8]                        @32-39   XIFENFEI
      ub4 kccfhcsq                            @40      0x000002AC
      ub4 kccfhfsz                            @44      0x00000280
      s_blkz kccfhbsz                         @48      0x00
      ub2 kccfhfno                            @52      0x0004
      ub2 kccfhtyp                            @54      0x0003
      ub4 kccfhacid                           @56      0x00000000
      ub4 kccfhcks                            @60      0x00000000
      text kccfhtag[32]                       @64-95                                   
   ub4 kcvfhrdb                               @96      0x00000000
   struct kcvfhcrs, 8 bytes                    @100     
      ub4 kscnbas                             @100     0x00003F0F
      ub2 kscnwrp                             @104     0x0000
      ub2 kscnwrp2                            @106     0x0000
   ub4 kcvfhcrt                               @108     0x3121C98D
   ub4 kcvfhrlc                               @112     0x45636764
   struct kcvfhrls, 8 bytes                    @116     
      ub4 kscnbas                             @116     0x000E2006
      ub2 kscnwrp                             @120     0x0000
      ub2 kscnwrp2                            @122     0x0000
   ub4 kcvfhbti                               @124     0x00000000
   struct kcvfhbsc, 8 bytes                    @128     
      ub4 kscnbas                             @128     0x00000000
      ub2 kscnwrp                             @132     0x0000
      ub2 kscnwrp2                            @134     0x0000
   ub2 kcvfhbth                               @136     0x0000
   ub2 kcvfhsta                               @138     0x0000 (NONE)
   struct kcvfhckp, 36 bytes                   @484     
      struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes                 @484     
         ub4 kscnbas                          @484     0x000EB49E
         ub2 kscnwrp                          @488     0x0000
         ub2 kscnwrp2                         @490     0x0000
      ub4 kcvcptim                            @492     0x456367BB
      ub2 kcvcpthr                            @496     0x0001
      union u, 12 bytes                       @500     
         struct kcvcprba, 12 bytes            @500     
            ub4 kcrbaseq                     @500     0x00000005
            ub4 kcrbabno                     @504     0x000027A5
            ub2 kcrbabof                     @508     0x0010
      ub1 kcvcpetb[8]                         @512-519 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 
   ub4 kcvfhcpc                               @140     0x0000005B
   ub4 kcvfhrts                               @144     0x45636739
   ub4 kcvfhccc                               @148     0x0000005A
   struct kcvfhbcp, 36 bytes                   @152     
      struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes                 @152     
         ub4 kscnbas                          @152     0x00000000
         ub2 kscnwrp                          @156     0x0000
         ub2 kscnwrp2                         @158     0x0000
      ub4 kcvcptim                            @160     0x00000000
      ub2 kcvcpthr                            @164     0x0000
      union u, 12 bytes                       @168     
         struct kcvcprba, 12 bytes            @168     
            ub4 kcrbaseq                     @168     0x00000000
            ub4 kcrbabno                     @172     0x00000000
            ub2 kcrbabof                     @176     0x0000
      ub1 kcvcpetb[8]                         @180-187 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 
   ub4 kcvfhbhz                               @312     0x00000000
   struct kcvfhxcd, 16 bytes                   @316     
      ub4 space_kcvmxcd[0]                    @316     0x00000000
      ub4 space_kcvmxcd[1]                    @320     0x00000000
      ub4 space_kcvmxcd[2]                    @324     0x00000000
      ub4 space_kcvmxcd[3]                    @328     0x00000000
   sword kcvfhtsn                             @332     4
   ub2 kcvfhtln                               @336     0x0005
   text kcvfhtnm[30]                          @338-367 USERS                         
   ub4 kcvfhrfn                               @368     0x00000004
   struct kcvfhrfs, 8 bytes                    @372     
      ub4 kscnbas                             @372     0x00000000
      ub2 kscnwrp                             @376     0x0000
      ub2 kscnwrp2                            @378     0x0000
   ub4 kcvfhrft                               @380     0x00000000
   struct kcvfhafs, 8 bytes                    @384     
      ub4 kscnbas                             @384     0x00000000
      ub2 kscnwrp                             @388     0x0000
      ub2 kscnwrp2                            @390     0x0000
   ub4 kcvfhbbc                               @392     0x00000000
   ub4 kcvfhncb                               @396     0x00000000
   ub4 kcvfhmcb                               @400     0x00000000
   ub4 kcvfhlcb                               @404     0x00000000
   ub4 kcvfhbcs                               @408     0x00000000
   ub2 kcvfhofb                               @412     0x0000
   ub2 kcvfhnfb                               @414     0x0000
   ub4 kcvfhprc                               @416     0x3121C97A
   struct kcvfhprs, 8 bytes                    @420     
      ub4 kscnbas                             @420     0x00000001
      ub2 kscnwrp                             @424     0x0000
      ub2 kscnwrp2                            @426     0x0000
   struct kcvfhprfs, 8 bytes                   @428     
      ub4 kscnbas                             @428     0x00000000
      ub2 kscnwrp                             @432     0x0000
      ub2 kscnwrp2                            @434     0x0000
   ub4 kcvfhtrt                               @444     0x00000000

<kcvfh structure printed successfully>

OBET> 

OBET> p kcvfh.kcvfhckp
File: /u01/xifenfei/users01.dbf
Size: 8192 bytes
Block: 1
Offset: 448

struct kcvfhckp, 36 bytes                   @484     
   struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes                 @484     
      ub4 kscnbas                          @484     0x000EB49E
      ub2 kscnwrp                          @488     0x0000
      ub2 kscnwrp2                         @490     0x0000
   ub4 kcvcptim                            @492     0x456367BB
   ub2 kcvcpthr                            @496     0x0001
   union u, 12 bytes                       @500     
      struct kcvcprba, 12 bytes            @500     
         ub4 kcrbaseq                     @500     0x00000005
         ub4 kcrbabno                     @504     0x000027A5
         ub2 kcrbabof                     @508     0x0010
   ub1 kcvcpetb[8]                         @512-519 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 

<kcvfh.kcvfhckp structure printed successfully>

由于该工具直接编辑Oracle 底层数据块操作具有一定的破坏性和风险性,所以在没有授权的情况下无法对数据块进行修改(只能查看),具体授权操作

OBET> license

========================================
           Software Registration        
========================================

Your Hardware ID: XXXXXXXX  ----->提供给我

Please send your Hardware ID to XiFenFei to register.
Website: https://www.xifenfei.com 
Tel/WX: +86-17813235971 

Enter Registration Code: XXXXXX-XXXXXXXX <-----输入注册码进行授权
Registration successful!
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Oracle坏块修复工具:Patch_blk

发表于 2025 年 11 月 4 日 由 惜分飞

在win平台上开发了Oracle Recovery Tools小工具,可以实现坏块的快速恢复功能
blk_xf

具体参考相关文章:自研Oracle恢复小工具
由于之前工具使用c#开发不太方便实现跨平台(而且图形化在linux等操作系统上使用起来不方便),现在使用c语言写了小工具:Patch_blk(主要是seq_kcbh tailchk checksum类似坏块处理),模拟两个坏块

BBED> verify
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = /u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf
BLOCK = 521

Block 521 is corrupt
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x00400209 (file 0, block 521)
Fractured block found during verification
Data in bad block:
 type: 6 format: 2 rdba: 0x00400209
 last change scn: 0x0000.000001d7 seq: 0x1 flg: 0x06
 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
 consistency value in tail: 0x01d706fe
 check value in block header: 0x5205
 computed block checksum: 0x0


DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Blocks Examined         : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty            : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt   : 1
Total Blocks Influx           : 2
Message 531 not found;  product=RDBMS; facility=BBED


BBED> verify block 522
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = /u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf
BLOCK = 522

Block 522 is corrupt
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x0040020a (file 0, block 522)
Fractured block found during verification
Data in bad block:
 type: 6 format: 2 rdba: 0x0040020a
 last change scn: 0x0000.000001d7 seq: 0xff flg: 0x06
 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
 consistency value in tail: 0x01d70601
 check value in block header: 0x1e16
 computed block checksum: 0x0


DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Blocks Examined         : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty            : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt   : 1
Total Blocks Influx           : 2
Message 531 not found;  product=RDBMS; facility=BBED

配置坏块修复列表文件

[root@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]# cat 1.txt
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf  521 8192 N
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf  522 8192 Y 

--列表文件说明
数据文件路径 文件号 数据块大小 是否人工干预(N表示不需要,Y表示需要)

执行修复操作

[root@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]# ./Patch_blk 1.txt


===== Processing line 1 =====
=====================================================
Processing: File=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf, Block=521, Size=8192, Mode=N
=====================================================

=== Step 1: Check seq_kcbh ===
  Current value: 0x01
  [OK] seq_kcbh is normal

=== Step 2: Check tailchk ===
  Current (reversed): 0x01D706FE
  Expected (reversed): 0x01D70601
  [Auto-repair] tailchk mismatch, will fix
  [Backup] Block saved to: ./20251104_230616/system01.dbf_block521
  [Success] tailchk fixed
  [Verify] New tailchk (reversed): 0x01D70601

=== Step 3: Check checksum  ===
  Current checksum: 0x0552
  Computed checksum: 0xFA52
  [Auto-repair] Checksum mismatch, will fix
  [Success] Checksum fixed
  [Verify] New checksum: 0xFA52

=== Step 4: Final Verification ===
  seq_kcbh: 0x01 (not 0xFF: PASS)
  tailchk: 0x01D70601 (expected 0x01D70601: PASS)
  Checksum: 0xFA52 (expected 0xFA52: PASS)

[Result] Block repair completed successfully


===== Processing line 2 =====
=====================================================
Processing: File=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf, Block=522, Size=8192, Mode=Y
=====================================================

=== Step 1: Check seq_kcbh ===
  Current value: 0xFF
  [WARNING] Block is marked as BAD. Repair? (yes/no): y
  [Backup] Block saved to: ./20251104/system01.dbf_block522
  [Success] seq_kcbh updated to 0x01

=== Step 2: Check tailchk ===
  Current (reversed): 0x01D70601
  Expected (reversed): 0x01D70601
  [OK] tailchk is normal

=== Step 3: Check checksum ===
  Current checksum: 0x161E
  Computed checksum: 0xE81E
  [WARNING] Checksum mismatch. Repair? (yes/no): y
  [Success] Checksum fixed
  [Verify] New checksum: 0xE81E

=== Step 4: Final Verification ===
  seq_kcbh: 0x01 (not 0xFF: PASS)
  tailchk: 0x01D70601 (expected 0x01D70601: PASS)
  Checksum: 0xE81E (expected 0xE81E: PASS)

[Result] Block repair completed successfully


=====================================
Processing complete. Total: 2
  Modify Success: 2
  Modify None: 0
  Skipped/Failed: 0
  Blocks Backed Up: 2
=====================================

在修复坏块之前会对相关block进行备份

[root@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ 20251104]# ls -ltra
total 24
-rw-r--r--   1 root root 8192 Nov  4 22:42 system01.dbf_block521
-rw-r--r--   1 root root 8192 Nov  4 22:42 system01.dbf_block522
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4096 Nov  4 22:42 .
drwxrwxrwt. 14 root root 4096 Nov  4 23:39 ..
[root@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ 20251104]#

Patch_blk修复坏块之后,检查坏块正常

BBED> verify
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = /u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf
BLOCK = 521


DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Blocks Examined         : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 1
Total Blocks Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty            : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt   : 0
Total Blocks Influx           : 0
Message 531 not found;  product=RDBMS; facility=BBED


BBED> verify block 522
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = /u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf
BLOCK = 522


DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Blocks Examined         : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 1
Total Blocks Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty            : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt   : 0
Total Blocks Influx           : 0
Message 531 not found;  product=RDBMS; facility=BBED

对于不太熟悉bbed的客户,可以通过这个工具快速实现常见坏块类型恢复

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Patch_SCN for Linux 功能完善

发表于 2025 年 10 月 13 日 由 惜分飞

Patch_SCN工具目前有For win和for linux版本,主要用于修改Oracle SCN(特别是在oracle数据库非常规恢复中实现一键修改SCN功能,实现快速open数据库.主要解决典型问题:
ORA-600 2662
ORA-600 2663
ORA-600 kclchkblk_4
ORA-600 kcbzib_kcrsds_1
最近有点空对Patch_SCN软件的for linux版本进行了完善,主要完善功能:
1. 整个代码全部通过C代码实现
2. 完善了注册机制
3. 提供直接获取内存地址，进程spid方法
4. 无需输入内存地址,程序一般情况下可以直接获取地址并修改
上传软件到linux环境并授权
确保执行用户有x权限

[root@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]# ls -ltr /tmp/Patch_SCN 
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7895436 Oct 13  2025 /tmp/Patch_SCN
[root@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]# chmod +x /tmp/Patch_SCN 
[root@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]# ls -ltr /tmp/Patch_SCN 
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 7895436 Oct 13  2025 /tmp/Patch_SCN

软件使用说明

[root@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]# ./Patch_SCN
Usage:
  Software License:       ./Patch_SCN -key
  Get Oracle SPID:        ./Patch_SCN -spid
  Get SCN address:        ./Patch_SCN -addr
  Automatic address mode: ./Patch_SCN <spid> <new_value>
  Manual address mode:    ./Patch_SCN <spid> <address> <new_value>
  Where:
    <spid> - Oracle process ID
    <address> - Memory address (hexadecimal)
    <new_value> - SCN value to modify (decimal or hexadecimal)

-key表示进行软件授权和注册
-spid表示在线直接获取spid(修改修改的进程号)
-addr自动获取需要修改的内存地址
Patch_SCN程序会根据情况自动发现合适的spid(如果有多个的情况下,建议采用人工地址模式:Patch_SCN spid address new_value)

软件自动获取进程spid

[oracle@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]$ ./Patch_SCN -spid

Found 2 Oracle LOCAL=YES processes: 20626  23365  

Process Details:
UID        PID  PPID  C STIME TTY          TIME CMD
oracle   20626 20625  0 10:40 ?        00:00:00 oraclexifenfei (DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))
oracle   23365 23364  0 11:26 ?        00:00:00 oraclexifenfei (DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))

程序会根据LOCAL=YES找出来需要的spid并展示出来供选择

软件自动获取内存地址

[oracle@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]$ ./Patch_SCN -addr
Retrieving Oracle SCN address...
Successfully retrieved SCN address: 0x6001ae70

程序可以自动获取需要修改的内存地址，便于人工模式的情况下进行填写

软件授权
在没有授权的情况下,无法操作对scn的修改操作

[oracle@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]$ ./Patch_SCN 20626 11123232
Successfully obtained address automatically: 0x6001ae70
This software is not registered.

========================================
           Software Registration        
========================================

Your Hardware ID: 6F610D20

Please send your Hardware ID to XiFenFei to register.
Website: https://www.xifenfei.com 
Tel/WX: +86-17813235971 

Enter Registration Code:

提示输入注册码，把硬件ID（6F610D20）发给我之后，申请注册码

Enter Registration Code: xxxxxxxx-xxxxxxx
Registration successful!
Original Oracle SCN at Address 0x6001ae70: 0x75b6d82
Are you sure you want to modify Oracle SCN? (yes/no): yes
New SCN at Address 0x6001ae70: 0xa9ba20
Oracle SCN successfully modified.

即可完成SCN修改操作,也可以单独授权(使用-key参数)，授权成功之后直接使用软件修改SCN

[oracle@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]$ ./Patch_SCN -key

========================================
           Software Registration        
========================================

Your Hardware ID: 6F610D20

Please send your Hardware ID to XiFenFei to register.
Website: https://www.xifenfei.com 
Tel/WX: +86-17813235971 

Enter Registration Code: xxxxxxxx-xxxxxxx
Registration successful!
[oracle@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]$ ./Patch_SCN 20626 11123232
Successfully obtained address automatically: 0x6001ae70
Original Oracle SCN at Address 0x6001ae70: 0xa9ba20
Are you sure you want to modify Oracle SCN? (yes/no): yes
New SCN at Address 0x6001ae70: 0xa9ba20
Oracle SCN successfully modified.

演示修改scn操作

SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  551165952 bytes
Fixed Size                  2255112 bytes
Variable Size             369100536 bytes
Database Buffers          171966464 bytes
Redo Buffers                7843840 bytes
Database mounted.

SQL> select current_scn from v$database;

CURRENT_SCN
-----------
          0

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

---当前数据库实际scn
SQL>  select current_scn from v$database;

CURRENT_SCN
-----------
     964084

---修改scn操作
[oracle@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]$ ./Patch_SCN -spid

Found 2 Oracle LOCAL=YES processes: 24277  30752  

Process Details:
UID        PID  PPID  C STIME TTY          TIME CMD
oracle   24277 24275  0 11:40 ?        00:00:00 oraclexifenfei (DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))
oracle   30752 30751  0 13:33 ?        00:00:00 oraclexifenfei (DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))
[oracle@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]$ ./Patch_SCN 
Usage:
  Software License:       ./Patch_SCN -key
  Get Oracle SPID:        ./Patch_SCN -spid
  Get SCN address:        ./Patch_SCN -addr
  Automatic address mode: ./Patch_SCN <spid> <new_value>
  Manual address mode:    ./Patch_SCN <spid> <address> <new_value>
  Where:
    <spid> - Oracle process ID
    <address> - Memory address (hexadecimal)
    <new_value> - SCN value to modify (decimal or hexadecimal)
[oracle@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]$ ./Patch_SCN 30752 1000000
Successfully obtained address automatically: 0x6001ae70
Original Oracle SCN at Address 0x6001ae70: 0xeb667
Are you sure you want to modify Oracle SCN? (yes/no): yes
New SCN at Address 0x6001ae70: 0xf4240
Oracle SCN successfully modified.

--修改scn之后
SQL>  select current_scn from v$database;

CURRENT_SCN
-----------
    1000003   -->由于scn会自动增加,所以比修改值稍大一点

Patch_SCN下载:Patch_SCN下载
Patch_SCN使用说明:Patch_SCN使用说明

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