分类目录归档：EXADATA

使用PXE刷XD

发表于 2013 年 4 月 5 日由惜分飞

需要安装服务

bind
dhcp
system-config-netboot
tftp-server

dhcp配置

[root@xifenfei ~]# more /etc/redhat-release 
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS release 4 (Nahant Update 8)

[root@xifenfei ~]# more /etc/dhcpd.conf
subnet 192.168.30.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
  range dynamic-bootp 192.168.30.101 192.168.30.126;
  option broadcast-address 192.168.30.255;
  option routers 192.168.30.1;
  next-server 192.168.30.90;
  filename = "pxelinux.0";
}
--以下直接复制无需修改
ddns-update-style none;
subnet 10.182.77.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {}
subnet 10.182.45.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
  range dynamic-bootp 10.182.45.92 10.182.45.100;
  option broadcast-address 10.182.45.255;
  option routers 10.182.45.1;
  next-server 10.182.77.133;
  filename = "pxelinux.0";
}

tftp配置

[root@xifenfei ~]# more /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
service tftp
{
        socket_type             = dgram
        protocol                = udp
        wait                    = yes
        user                    = root
        server                  = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
        server_args             = -v -s /xd
        disable                 = no
        per_source              = 11
        cps                     = 100 2
        flags                   = IPv4
}

nfs配置

[root@xifenfei ~]# more /etc/exports
/xd *(no_root_squash,no_subtree_check,insecure)

pxe配置

[root@xifenfei ~]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /xd

[root@xifenfei pxelinux.cfg]# more /xd/pxelinux.cfg/default 
default linux
timeout 70

label cell
prompt 1
display boot.msg
  kernel dl180/vmlinux-11.2.3.2.1-dl180-DL180
  append initrd=dl180/initrd-11.2.3.2.1-dl180-DL180.img pxe stit updfrm dhcp sk=192.168.30.90:/xd/dl180 preconf=192.168.30.90:/xd/prec
onf.csv

label db
prompt 1
display boot.msg
  kernel dl360/vmlinux-11.2.3.2.1-dl360-DL360
  append initrd=dl360/initrd-11.2.3.2.1-dl360-DL360.img pxe stit updfrm dhcp sk=192.168.30.90:/xd/dl360 preconf=192.168.30.90:/xd/prec
onf.csv

tar -pxvf the ImageMaker.tar
cd /xd/dl180
[root@xifenfei dl180]# ./makeImageMedia.sh -pxe -pxeout dl180
Please wait. Calculating md5 checksums for cellbits ...
Calculating md5 checksum for exaos.tbz ...
Calculating md5 checksum for cellboot.tbz ...
Calculating md5 checksum for cellfw.tbz ...
Calculating md5 checksum for kernel.tbz ...
Calculating md5 checksum for ofed.tbz ...
Calculating md5 checksum for sunutils.tbz ...
Calculating md5 checksum for hputils.tbz ...
Calculating md5 checksum for c7rpms.tbz ...
Calculating md5 checksum for commonos.tbz ...
Calculating md5 checksum for debugos.tbz ...
Calculating md5 checksum for cellrpms.tbz ...
Calculating md5 checksum for doclib.zip ...
Calculating md5 checksum for cell.bin ...
Store filename of nfsimg tarball nfsimg-11.2.3.2.1-dl180-DL180.tar inside initrd
Please wait. Making initrd ...
214836 blocks
Please wait. Calculating md5 checksums for boot ...
PXE NFS image:   /xd/dl180/./PXE/nfsimg-11.2.3.2.1-dl180-DL180.tar
PXE NFS md5 sum: /xd/dl180/./PXE/nfsimg-11.2.3.2.1-dl180-DL180.tar.md5
PXE initrd:      /xd/dl180/./PXE/initrd-11.2.3.2.1-dl180-DL180.img
PXE kernel:      /xd/dl180/./PXE/vmlinux-11.2.3.2.1-dl180-DL180

[root@xifenfei dl180]# mv /xd/dl180/./PXE/nfsimg-11.2.3.2.1-dl180-DL180.tar /xd/dl180/
[root@xifenfei dl180]# mv /xd/dl180/./PXE/nfsimg-11.2.3.2.1-dl180-DL180.tar.md5 /xd/dl180/
[root@xifenfei dl180]# mv /xd/dl180/./PXE/initrd-11.2.3.2.1-dl180-DL180.img /xd/dl180/
[root@xifenfei dl180]# mv /xd/dl180/./PXE/vmlinux-11.2.3.2.1-dl180-DL180 /xd/dl180/

[root@xifenfei dl180]# ll
total 1531612
drwxr-xr-x   3 root root       4096 Mar 26 23:41 boot
drwxrwxr-x   2 root root       4096 Jan  9 22:34 doc
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root       4096 Jan  9 22:33 grub
drwxr-xr-x  17 root root       4096 Mar 26 23:41 initrd
-rw-r--r--   1 root root   38839215 Mar 26 23:41 initrd-11.2.3.2.1-dl180-DL180.img
-rwxrwxr-x   1 root root      27485 Jan  9 22:34 makeImageMedia.sh
-rw-r--r--   1 root root 1524193280 Mar 26 23:40 nfsimg-11.2.3.2.1-dl180-DL180.tar
-rw-r--r--   1 root root         68 Mar 26 23:41 nfsimg-11.2.3.2.1-dl180-DL180.tar.md5
drwxrwxr-x   3 root root       4096 Jan  9 22:34 patches
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root       4096 Mar 26 23:48 PXE
-r-xr-xr-x   1 root root      39041 Mar 31  2011 README_FOR_FACTORY.txt
-r-xr-xr-x   1 root root    3688864 Mar 26 23:41 vmlinux-11.2.3.2.1-dl180-DL180

上传preconf.csv到/xd目录

[root@xifenfei xd]# ll preconf.csv 
-rw-r--r--  1 root root 2133 Mar 14 18:14 preconf.csv

然后重启dhcp,xinetd,nfs服务,重启需要恢复的xd的db and cell节点,验证结果如下

发表在 EXADATA | 2 条评论

在XD需要刷机(方言重装操作系统),现在比较常见的是一种是使用PXE来刷机,另外一张是使用U盘制作启动盘来刷机.PXE配置起来比较麻烦,这里展示制作U盘刷机的过程.db节点和cell节点的制作方法基本相同,这里以cell节点的U盘制作为例说明制作过程
1. 前提条件
1) Linux 64位机器(最好直接在db和cell节点的机器上直接处理
2) U盘大小最少4G
3) 上传preconf.csv配置文件(使用java配置)

2. 下载image文件
通过888828.1文档找到image的名称,然后在edelivery中下载

3. 查看U盘盘符

[root@xifenfei tmp]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1        3655    29358756   83  Linux
/dev/sda2            3656        3916     2096482+  82  Linux swap / Solaris

Disk /dev/sdb: 4048 MB, 4048551936 bytes
128 heads, 9 sectors/track, 6864 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 1152 * 512 = 589824 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1   *           8        6864     3949096    b  W95 FAT32

4. 上传压缩文件到服务器,并解压

unzip V36290-01.zip
tar xvf cellImageMaker_11.2.3.2.1_LINUX.X64_130109-1.x86_64.tar

5. dl180内容

[root@xifenfei tmp]# cd dl180/
[root@xifenfei dl180]# ll
total 92
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root  4096 Jan  9 22:33 boot
drwxrwxr-x  2 root root  4096 Jan  9 22:34 doc
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Jan  9 22:33 grub
drwxr-xr-x 17 root root  4096 Jan  9 22:33 initrd
-rwxrwxr-x  1 root root 27485 Jan  9 22:34 makeImageMedia.sh
drwxrwxr-x  3 root root  4096 Jan  9 22:34 patches
-r-xr-xr-x  1 root root 39041 Mar 31  2011 README_FOR_FACTORY.txt
drwxrwxr-x  4 root root  4096 Jan  9 22:34 tmp

6. 制作U盘启动

--执行makeImageMedia.sh命令
[root@xifenfei dl180]# ./makeImageMedia.sh -preconf  /tmp/preconf.csv 
Done. Pre config verification OK
Please wait. Calculating md5 checksums for cellbits ...
Calculating md5 checksum for exaos.tbz ...
Calculating md5 checksum for cellboot.tbz ...
Calculating md5 checksum for cellfw.tbz ...
Calculating md5 checksum for kernel.tbz ...
Calculating md5 checksum for ofed.tbz ...
Calculating md5 checksum for sunutils.tbz ...
Calculating md5 checksum for hputils.tbz ...
Calculating md5 checksum for c7rpms.tbz ...
Calculating md5 checksum for commonos.tbz ...
Calculating md5 checksum for debugos.tbz ...
Calculating md5 checksum for cellrpms.tbz ...
Calculating md5 checksum for doclib.zip ...
Calculating md5 checksum for cell.bin ...
Please wait. Making initrd ...
214842 blocks
Please wait. Calculating md5 checksums for boot ...

Choose listed USB devices to set up the Oracle CELL installer

sdb   Approximate capacity 3953 MB 
--指定U盘盘符
Enter the comma separated (no spaces) list of devices or word 'ALL' for to select all: sdb <--注意
sdb will be used as the Oracle CELL installer

All data on sdb will be erased. Proceed [y/n]? y <--注意

The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 6864.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
   (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

Command (m for help): Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content won't be recoverable.


The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 6864.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
   (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
Partition number (1-4): First cylinder (1-6864, default 1): Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-6864, default 6864): 
Command (m for help): The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
umount2: Invalid argument
umount: /dev/sdb1: not mounted
mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
495008 inodes, 988270 blocks
49413 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=1015021568
31 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
15968 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736

Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (16384 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 33 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
Copying files... will take several minutes


    GNU GRUB  version 0.97  (640K lower / 3072K upper memory)

 [ Minimal BASH-like line editing is supported.  For the first word, TAB
   lists possible command completions.  Anywhere else TAB lists the possible
   completions of a device/filename.]
grub> root (hd0,0)
 Filesystem type is ext2fs, partition type 0x83
grub> setup (hd0)
 Checking if "/boot/grub/stage1" exists... no
 Checking if "/grub/stage1" exists... yes
 Checking if "/grub/stage2" exists... yes
 Checking if "/grub/e2fs_stage1_5" exists... yes
 Running "embed /grub/e2fs_stage1_5 (hd0)"... failed (this is not fatal)
 Running "embed /grub/e2fs_stage1_5 (hd0,0)"... failed (this is not fatal)
 Running "install /grub/stage1 (hd0) /grub/stage2 p /grub/grub.conf "... succeeded
Done.
grub> Done creation of installation USB for DL180

现在已经制作完成，重启系统进入bios选择U盘启动,就可以对XD的cell节点进行刷机

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