故障总结:客户正常关闭数据库,然后启动报ORA-600 kokiasg1错误,通过对启动分析确认是由于IDGEN1$序列丢失导致,修复该故障之后,数据库启动成功,但是后台大量报ORA-600 12803,ORA-600 15264等错误,业务用户无法登录.经过深入分析,发现数据库字典obj$中所有核心字典的序列全部被删除,但是在seq$中这些对象的obj#记录还存在.初步怀疑是有人恶意删除了obj$中字典核心序列对象导致.
数据库启动报ORA-600 kokiasg1错误
SQL> startup ; ORACLE 例程已经启动。 Total System Global Area 1.4531E+10 bytes Fixed Size 2295256 bytes Variable Size 2181040680 bytes Database Buffers 1.2314E+10 bytes Redo Buffers 33193984 bytes 数据库装载完毕。 ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kokiasg1], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [] 进程 ID: 5628 会话 ID: 122 序列号: 3
对应的alert日志信息
Thu Jul 03 16:35:25 2025 Shutting down instance (immediate) Stopping background process SMCO Shutting down instance: further logons disabled Thu Jul 03 16:35:26 2025 Stopping background process CJQ0 Stopping background process QMNC Stopping background process MMNL Stopping background process MMON License high water mark = 272 All dispatchers and shared servers shutdown Thu Jul 03 16:35:54 2025 alter database close normal Thu Jul 03 16:35:54 2025 SMON: disabling tx recovery SMON: disabling cache recovery Thu Jul 03 16:35:54 2025 Shutting down archive processes Archiving is disabled Archive process shutdown avoided: 0 active Thread 1 closed at log sequence 296590 Successful close of redo thread 1 Completed: alter database close normal alter database dismount Shutting down archive processes Archiving is disabled Completed: alter database dismount ARCH: Archival disabled due to shutdown: 1089 Shutting down archive processes Archiving is disabled ARCH: Archival disabled due to shutdown: 1089 Shutting down archive processes Archiving is disabled Thu Jul 03 16:36:02 2025 Stopping background process VKTM Thu Jul 03 16:36:07 2025 Instance shutdown complete Thu Jul 03 16:36:19 2025 Adjusting the default value of parameter parallel_max_servers from 640 to 270 due to the value of parameter processes (300) Starting ORACLE instance (normal) LICENSE_MAX_SESSION = 0 LICENSE_SESSIONS_WARNING = 0 Initial number of CPU is 16 Number of processor cores in the system is 8 Number of processor sockets in the system is 1 Picked latch-free SCN scheme 3 Using LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1 parameter default value as USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST Autotune of undo retention is turned on. IMODE=BR ILAT =52 LICENSE_MAX_USERS = 0 SYS auditing is disabled Starting up: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options. Windows NT Version V6.2 CPU : 16 - type 8664, 8 Physical Cores Process Affinity : 0x0x0000000000000000 Memory (Avail/Total): Ph:24712M/32767M, Ph+PgF:14089M/39123M System parameters with non-default values: processes = 300 sessions = 480 nls_language = "SIMPLIFIED CHINESE" nls_territory = "CHINA" sga_target = 13920M control_files = "D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\orcl\CONTROL01.CTL" control_files = "D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\orcl\CONTROL02.CTL" db_block_size = 8192 compatible = "11.2.0.4.0" db_recovery_file_dest = "D:\app\Administrator\fast_recovery_area" db_recovery_file_dest_size= 10G undo_tablespace = "UNDOTBS1" remote_login_passwordfile= "EXCLUSIVE" db_domain = "" dispatchers = "(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)" job_queue_processes = 10 audit_file_dest = "D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ADMIN\orcl\ADUMP" audit_trail = "DB" db_name = "orcl" open_cursors = 300 pga_aggregate_target = 4639M diagnostic_dest = "D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR" Thu Jul 03 16:36:20 2025 PMON started with pid=2, OS id=13088 Thu Jul 03 16:36:20 2025 PSP0 started with pid=3, OS id=16168 Thu Jul 03 16:36:21 2025 VKTM started with pid=4, OS id=7948 at elevated priority VKTM running at (10)millisec precision with DBRM quantum (100)ms Thu Jul 03 16:36:21 2025 GEN0 started with pid=5, OS id=4192 Thu Jul 03 16:36:21 2025 DIAG started with pid=6, OS id=8232 Thu Jul 03 16:36:21 2025 DBRM started with pid=7, OS id=16436 Thu Jul 03 16:36:21 2025 DIA0 started with pid=8, OS id=11400 Thu Jul 03 16:36:21 2025 MMAN started with pid=9, OS id=11108 Thu Jul 03 16:36:21 2025 DBW0 started with pid=10, OS id=12232 Thu Jul 03 16:36:21 2025 DBW1 started with pid=11, OS id=7368 Thu Jul 03 16:36:21 2025 LGWR started with pid=12, OS id=13520 Thu Jul 03 16:36:21 2025 CKPT started with pid=13, OS id=11952 Thu Jul 03 16:36:21 2025 SMON started with pid=14, OS id=9304 Thu Jul 03 16:36:21 2025 RECO started with pid=15, OS id=17136 Thu Jul 03 16:36:21 2025 MMON started with pid=16, OS id=1984 Thu Jul 03 16:36:21 2025 MMNL started with pid=17, OS id=2568 starting up 1 dispatcher(s) for network address '(ADDRESS=(PARTIAL=YES)(PROTOCOL=TCP))' starting up 1 shared server(s) ... ORACLE_BASE from environment = D:\app\Administrator Thu Jul 03 16:36:22 2025 alter database mount exclusive Successful mount of redo thread 1, with mount id 1287723014 Database mounted in Exclusive Mode Lost write protection disabled Completed: alter database mount exclusive alter database open Thread 1 opened at log sequence 296590 Current log# 1 seq# 296590 mem# 0: D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\orcl\REDO01.LOG Successful open of redo thread 1 MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set SMON: enabling cache recovery [15144] Successfully onlined Undo Tablespace 2. Undo initialization finished serial:0 start:3680275922 end:3680276032 diff:110 (1 seconds) Verifying file header compatibility for 11g tablespace encryption.. Verifying 11g file header compatibility for tablespace encryption completed SMON: enabling tx recovery Database Characterset is ZHS16GBK Errors in file D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\trace\orcl_ora_15144.trc (incident=7579): ORA-00600: 内部错误代码, 参数: [kokiasg1], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [] Incident details in: D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\incident\incdir_7579\orcl_ora_15144_i7579.trc Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident. See Note 411.1 at My Oracle Support for error and packaging details. Errors in file D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\trace\orcl_ora_15144.trc: ORA-00600: 内部错误代码, 参数: [kokiasg1], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [] Errors in file D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\trace\orcl_ora_15144.trc: ORA-00600: 内部错误代码, 参数: [kokiasg1], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [] Error 600 happened during db open, shutting down database USER (ospid: 15144): terminating the instance due to error 600 Instance terminated by USER, pid = 15144 ORA-1092 signalled during: alter database open...
对数据库启动过程进行跟踪确认报错可能和IDGEN1$对象有关系
PARSING IN CURSOR #615624160 len=30 dep=1 uid=0 oct=3 lid=0 tim=752975051401 hv=3013659460 ad='7ffbd8f025d0' sqlid='6d8vr86tu1ku4' select TOTAL from SYS.ID_GENS$ END OF STMT PARSE #615624160:c=15625,e=2775,p=2,cr=14,cu=0,mis=1,r=0,dep=1,og=4,plh=1676180847,tim=752975051401 EXEC #615624160:c=0,e=6,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=0,dep=1,og=4,plh=1676180847,tim=752975051452 WAIT #615624160: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 126 file#=1 block#=3440 blocks=1 obj#=514 tim=752975051594 WAIT #615624160: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 48 file#=1 block#=3441 blocks=1 obj#=514 tim=752975051671 FETCH #615624160:c=0,e=224,p=2,cr=3,cu=0,mis=0,r=1,dep=1,og=4,plh=1676180847,tim=752975051687 STAT #615624160 id=1 cnt=1 pid=0 pos=1 obj=514 op='TABLE ACCESS FULL ID_GENS$ (cr=3 pr=2 pw=0 time=223 us)' CLOSE #615624160:c=0,e=15,dep=1,type=0,tim=752975051716 BINDS #12720440: Bind#0 oacdty=02 mxl=22(22) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00 oacflg=00 fl2=0001 frm=00 csi=00 siz=80 off=0 kxsbbbfp=24b1b128 bln=22 avl=01 flg=05 value=0 Bind#1 oacdty=01 mxl=32(07) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00 oacflg=10 fl2=0001 frm=01 csi=852 siz=0 off=24 kxsbbbfp=24b1b140 bln=32 avl=07 flg=01 value="IDGEN1$" Bind#2 oacdty=02 mxl=22(22) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00 oacflg=00 fl2=0001 frm=00 csi=00 siz=0 off=56 kxsbbbfp=24b1b160 bln=22 avl=02 flg=01 value=1 EXEC #12720440:c=0,e=107,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=0,dep=1,og=4,plh=2853959010,tim=752975051842 FETCH #12720440:c=0,e=5,p=0,cr=3,cu=0,mis=0,r=0,dep=1,og=4,plh=2853959010,tim=752975051856 CLOSE #12720440:c=0,e=0,dep=1,type=3,tim=752975051870 Incident 161 created, dump file: C:\APP\XFF\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\incident\incdir_161\orcl_ora_1880_i161.trc ORA-00600: 内部错误代码, 参数: [kokiasg1], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [] ORA-00600: 内部错误代码, 参数: [kokiasg1], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [] ORA-00600: 内部错误代码, 参数: [kokiasg1], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
从mos中确认当数据库缺少IDGEN1$序列的时候,启动会报ORA-600 kokiasg1错误.
使用工具恢复obj$表到新库中
E:\dump>imp test/oracle file=SYS_OBJ$.dmp full=y Import: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 星期六 7月 5 09:34:42 2025 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 连接到: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options 经由常规路径由 EXPORT:V08.01.07 创建的导出文件 警告: 这些对象由 SYS 导出, 而不是当前用户 已经完成 ZHS16GBK 字符集和 AL16UTF16 NCHAR 字符集中的导入 导出服务器使用 UTF8 NCHAR 字符集 (可能的 ncharset 转换) . 正在将 SYS 的对象导入到 TEST . 正在将 SYS 的对象导入到 TEST . . 正在导入表 "OBJ$"导入了 103764 行 成功终止导入, 没有出现警告。
查询test.obj$表确认没有IDGEN1$对象名称记录
SQL> select * from test.obj$ where name='IDGEN1$'; 未选定行 SQL>
查询正常obj$字典中关于IDGEN1$对象信息
SQL> select owner#, obj#,type# from obj$ where name='IDGEN1$';
OWNER# OBJ# TYPE#
---------- ---------- ----------
0 1229 6
在故障库恢复出来的test.obj$中查询obj#为1229附近对象
SQL> select owner#, obj#,type#,name from test.obj$ where obj# in(1228,1229,1230);
OWNER# OBJ# TYPE# NAME
---------- ---------- ---------- ------------------------------
0 1228 2 DST$TRIGGER_TABLE
0 1230 13 BFILE
SQL> select owner#, obj#,type#,name from obj$ where obj# in(1228,1229,1230);
OWNER# OBJ# TYPE# NAME
---------- ---------- ---------- ------------------------------
0 1228 2 DST$TRIGGER_TABLE
0 1229 6 IDGEN1$
0 1230 13 BFILE
目前看初步判断故障库确实由于IDGEN1$序列丢失导致无法启动,处理过程相对比较简单,在数据库open的过程中,打开新会话创建IDGEN1$序列序列
然后重启数据库,即可正常启动成功,让看尝试登录数据库报ora-600 12803错误
再次检查alert日志大量ORA-600错误
Fri Jul 04 15:57:13 2025 Errors in file C:\APP\XFF\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\trace\orcl_ora_27788.trc (incident=12239): ORA-00600: 内部错误代码, 参数: [12803], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [] Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident. See Note 411.1 at My Oracle Support for error and packaging details. Fri Jul 04 15:58:04 2025 Errors in file C:\APP\XFF\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\trace\orcl_mmon_1976.trc (incident=12184): ORA-00600: 内部错误代码, 参数: [15264], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [] Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident. See Note 411.1 at My Oracle Support for error and packaging details.
基于这样ORA-600错误,初步怀疑字典层面还有问题,因为最初的错误是序列异常,所以这次我重点对系统队列进行分析,通过dul把seq$表恢复到test用户中
E:\dump>imp test/oracle file=SYS_seq$.dmp full=y Import: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 星期六 7月 5 10:10:17 2025 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 连接到: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options 经由常规路径由 EXPORT:V08.01.07 创建的导出文件 警告: 这些对象由 SYS 导出, 而不是当前用户 已经完成 ZHS16GBK 字符集和 AL16UTF16 NCHAR 字符集中的导入 导出服务器使用 UTF8 NCHAR 字符集 (可能的 ncharset 转换) . 正在将 SYS 的对象导入到 TEST . 正在将 SYS 的对象导入到 TEST . . 正在导入表 "SEQ$"导入了 359 行 成功终止导入, 没有出现警告。
查询发现之前的序列（obj=1229）的竟然还在seq$中(obj$中没有了记录)
SQL> select * from test.seq$ where obj#=1229;
OBJ# INCREMENT$ MINVALUE MAXVALUE CYCLE# ORDER$ CACHE
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
HIGHWATER AUDIT$ FLAGS
---------- -------------------------------------- ----------
1229 50 1 1.0000E+28 0 0 1000
60267151 -------------------------------- 0
这种现象证明seq 不是通过drop sequence命令删除,而可能直接delete obj$表进行删除,通过试验重现正常删除seq之后,obj$和seq$都会同步被删除
SQL> create sequence xxxx;
序列已创建。
SQL> select obj#,type# from obj$ where name='XXXX';
OBJ# TYPE#
---------- ----------
87383 6
SQL> SELECT * FROM SEQ$ WHERE OBJ#=87383;
OBJ# INCREMENT$ MINVALUE MAXVALUE CYCLE# ORDER$ CACHE
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
HIGHWATER AUDIT$ FLAGS
---------- -------------------------------------- ----------
87383 1 1 1.0000E+28 0 0 20
1 -------------------------------- 0
SQL> DROP SEQUENCE XXXX;
序列已删除。
SQL> SELECT * FROM SEQ$ WHERE OBJ#=87383;
未选定行
SQL> select obj#,type# from obj$ where name='XXXX';
未选定行
想到这里,那进一步分析,是否还有其他的系统序列被删除,分析思路是:在一个正常的库里面找出来SYS的seq的obj#,然后和test用户里面的obj$,seq$表里面对比
找出来test.obj$中sys用户的seq对象名字
SQL> select name,obj#,type# from test.obj$ where obj# in( 2 select obj# from sys.obj$ where owner#=0 and type#=6) 3 and type#=6; 未选定行
通过查询确认故障库中sys下面系统自带的核心seq的对象名称全部被删除（obj$中明确被删除）,分析seq$中情况确认
SQL> select name,ctime from test.obj$ where type#=6 and owner#=0; 未选定行
通过上述相关核实,故障库中的obj$中系统字典seq基本上被删除(正常情况应该有130多个）.对于这种情况,后续的类此比较简单,通过seq$表内容,构造出来系统 seq的创建语句,对其进行创建,然后数据库恢复正常,完成本次恢复工作.
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