标签归档：ORA-01578

数据库启动报 maximum number of processes () exceeded分析

发表于 2025 年 12 月 28 日 由 惜分飞

比较少遇到打开一个数据库报ORA-00020: maximum number of processes () exceeded,导致open数据库失败

SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced
ORA-00450: background process 'QMNC' did not start
ORA-00444: background process "QMNC" failed while starting
ORA-00020: maximum number of processes () exceeded
进程 ID: 6340
会话 ID: 109 序列号: 3

看这个报错应该是由于进程数达到了限制，导致在open数据库过程中启动后台进程QMNC失败,导致open过程失败,分析进程数不足的原因,查看启动时候的参数配置

Fri Dec 26 16:48:27 2025
Adjusting the default value of parameter parallel_max_servers
from 2560 to 135 due to the value of parameter processes (150)
Starting ORACLE instance (normal)
LICENSE_MAX_SESSION = 0
LICENSE_SESSIONS_WARNING = 0
Picked latch-free SCN scheme 3
Fri Dec 26 16:48:38 2025
Using LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1 parameter default value as USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Autotune of undo retention is turned on. 
IMODE=BR
ILAT =28
LICENSE_MAX_USERS = 0
SYS auditing is disabled
Starting up:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options.
Windows NT Version V6.2  
CPU                 : 64 - type 8664, 32 Physical Cores
Process Affinity    : 0x0x0000000000000000
Memory (Avail/Total): Ph:82501M/130752M, Ph+PgF:103658M/150208M 
Using parameter settings in client-side pfile D:\PFILE.TXT on machine HISSERVER
System parameters with non-default values:
  processes                = 150
  sga_target               = 39296M
  control_files            = "D:\ORACLE64\ORADATA\ORA817\CONTROL01.CTL"
  control_files            = "D:\ORACLE64\RECOVERY_AREA\ORA817\CONTROL02.CTL"
  db_block_size            = 8192
  compatible               = "11.2.0.0.0"
  db_recovery_file_dest    = "D:\ORACLE64\recovery_area"
  db_recovery_file_dest_size= 4122M
  undo_tablespace          = "UNDOTBS1"
  remote_login_passwordfile= "EXCLUSIVE"
  db_domain                = ""
  dispatchers              = "(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=ora817XDB)"
  audit_file_dest          = "D:\ORACLE64\ADMIN\ORA817\ADUMP"
  audit_trail              = "DB"
  db_name                  = "ora817"
  open_cursors             = 300
  pga_aggregate_target     = 13075M
  diagnostic_dest          = "D:\ORACLE64"
Fri Dec 26 16:49:10 2025
PMON started with pid=2, OS id=1992 
Fri Dec 26 16:49:10 2025
PSP0 started with pid=3, OS id=6744 
Fri Dec 26 16:49:12 2025
VKTM started with pid=4, OS id=7592 at elevated priority
Fri Dec 26 16:49:12 2025
GEN0 started with pid=5, OS id=7780 
Fri Dec 26 16:49:12 2025
DBRM started with pid=7, OS id=5372 
Fri Dec 26 16:49:12 2025
MMAN started with pid=9, OS id=6700 
Fri Dec 26 16:49:12 2025
DBW0 started with pid=10, OS id=1920 
Fri Dec 26 16:49:12 2025
DBW1 started with pid=11, OS id=4476 
Fri Dec 26 16:49:12 2025
DBW2 started with pid=12, OS id=6788 
Fri Dec 26 16:49:12 2025
DBW3 started with pid=13, OS id=4608 
Fri Dec 26 16:49:12 2025
DBW4 started with pid=14, OS id=6716 
Fri Dec 26 16:49:12 2025
DBW5 started with pid=15, OS id=6252 
Fri Dec 26 16:49:12 2025
DBW6 started with pid=16, OS id=7948 
Fri Dec 26 16:49:12 2025
DBW7 started with pid=17, OS id=5868 
Fri Dec 26 16:49:12 2025
LGWR started with pid=18, OS id=1644 
Fri Dec 26 16:49:12 2025
CKPT started with pid=19, OS id=5704 
Fri Dec 26 16:49:12 2025
SMON started with pid=20, OS id=4532 
Fri Dec 26 16:49:12 2025
RECO started with pid=21, OS id=380 
Fri Dec 26 16:49:12 2025
MMON started with pid=22, OS id=1316 
Fri Dec 26 16:49:12 2025
MMNL started with pid=23, OS id=6108 
Fri Dec 26 16:49:12 2025
DIAG started with pid=6, OS id=7904 
Fri Dec 26 16:49:12 2025
starting up 1 dispatcher(s) for network address '(ADDRESS=(PARTIAL=YES)(PROTOCOL=TCP))'...
starting up 1 shared server(s) ...
ORACLE_BASE from environment = D:\ORACLE64

这里可以看出来数据库版本是11.2.0.3,processes配置为默认值150.进一步查看启动报错时候的alert日志

ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  database  
Media Recovery Start
 started logmerger process
Fri Dec 26 17:03:44 2025
Media Recovery failed with error 264
Slave exiting with ORA-283 exception
Errors in file D:\ORACLE64\diag\rdbms\ora817\ora817\trace\ora817_pr00_344.trc:
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-00264: no recovery required
Recovery Slave PR00 previously exited with exception 283
ORA-283 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  database  ...
alter database open
Fri Dec 26 17:03:48 2025
Thread 1 opened at log sequence 37301
  Current log# 2 seq# 37301 mem# 0: D:\ORACLE64\ORADATA\ORA817\REDO02.LOG
Successful open of redo thread 1
MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set
Fri Dec 26 17:03:49 2025
SMON: enabling cache recovery
[6340] Successfully onlined Undo Tablespace 2.
Undo initialization finished serial:0 start:5143437 end:5143718 diff:281 (2 seconds)
Verifying file header compatibility for 11g tablespace encryption..
Verifying 11g file header compatibility for tablespace encryption completed
SMON: enabling tx recovery
Fri Dec 26 17:03:49 2025
Database Characterset is ZHS16GBK
No Resource Manager plan active
replication_dependency_tracking turned off (no async multimaster replication found)
ORA-00020: maximum number of processes (150) exceeded
 ORA-20 errors will not be written to the alert log for
 the next minute. Please look at trace files to see all
 the ORA-20 errors.
Process P123 submission failed with error = 20
Starting background process QMNC
Process QMNC submission failed with error = 20
Errors in file D:\ORACLE64\diag\rdbms\ora817\ora817\trace\ora817_ora_6340.trc:
ORA-00444: 后台进程 "QMNC" 启动失败
ORA-00020: 超出最大进程数 ()
Errors in file D:\ORACLE64\diag\rdbms\ora817\ora817\trace\ora817_ora_6340.trc:
ORA-00450: 后台进程 'QMNC' 未启动
ORA-00444: 后台进程 "QMNC" 启动失败
ORA-00020: 超出最大进程数 ()
Errors in file D:\ORACLE64\diag\rdbms\ora817\ora817\trace\ora817_ora_6340.trc:
ORA-00450: 后台进程 'QMNC' 未启动
ORA-00444: 后台进程 "QMNC" 启动失败
ORA-00020: 超出最大进程数 ()
Error 450 happened during db open, shutting down database
USER (ospid: 6340): terminating the instance due to error 450
Fri Dec 26 17:03:50 2025
Errors in file D:\ORACLE64\diag\rdbms\ora817\ora817\trace\ora817_p036_8044.trc  (incident=4105):
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 9, block # 504643)
ORA-01110: data file 9: 'D:\ORACLE64\ORADATA\ORA817\HRPRUN_DATA05.DBF'
Incident details in: D:\ORACLE64\diag\rdbms\ora817\ora817\incident\incdir_4105\ora817_p036_8044_i4105.trc
Fri Dec 26 17:03:50 2025
Process m000 submission failed with error = 20
Fri Dec 26 17:04:07 2025
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 6340
ORA-1092 signalled during: alter database open...
opiodr aborting process unknown ospid (6340) as a result of ORA-1092
Fri Dec 26 17:04:09 2025
ORA-1092 : opitsk aborting process

看alert日志比较明显有Process P123 submission failed with error = 20提示,这里表示启动P123进程时候也遭遇到了进程数不足的限制导致该进程无法启动,而Pxxx进程是oracle的并行进程(而且在后面还报了由于坏块导致P036进程报错的信息),也就是说这个数据库在启动过程中启动了大量的并行进程(至少122个已经启动),这也就是说明了为什么150个进程不足的原因.在数据库完成实例恢复,完全open之前启动并行进程进行恢复的,很可能就是并行回滚操作.为了进一步验证猜想,把processes调整到1500,然后尝试启动库

Fri Dec 26 17:06:44 2025
alter database open
Beginning crash recovery of 1 threads
 parallel recovery started with 32 processes
Started redo scan
Completed redo scan
 read 20 KB redo, 5 data blocks need recovery
Started redo application at
 Thread 1: logseq 37301, block 18209
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 2 Seq 37301 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0: D:\ORACLE64\ORADATA\ORA817\REDO02.LOG
Completed redo application of 0.02MB
Completed crash recovery at
 Thread 1: logseq 37301, block 18249, scn 327081807
 5 data blocks read, 5 data blocks written, 20 redo k-bytes read
Fri Dec 26 17:06:46 2025
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 37302 (thread open)
Thread 1 opened at log sequence 37302
  Current log# 3 seq# 37302 mem# 0: D:\ORACLE64\ORADATA\ORA817\REDO03.LOG
Successful open of redo thread 1
MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set
Fri Dec 26 17:06:47 2025
SMON: enabling cache recovery
[7104] Successfully onlined Undo Tablespace 2.
Undo initialization finished serial:0 start:5321812 end:5322031 diff:219 (2 seconds)
Verifying file header compatibility for 11g tablespace encryption..
Verifying 11g file header compatibility for tablespace encryption completed
SMON: enabling tx recovery
Database Characterset is ZHS16GBK
No Resource Manager plan active
replication_dependency_tracking turned off (no async multimaster replication found)
Fri Dec 26 17:06:49 2025
Errors in file D:\ORACLE64\diag\rdbms\ora817\ora817\trace\ora817_p091_5924.trc  (incident=5745):
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 9, block # 504643)
ORA-01110: data file 9: 'D:\ORACLE64\ORADATA\ORA817\HRPRUN_DATA05.DBF'
Incident details in: D:\ORACLE64\diag\rdbms\ora817\ora817\incident\incdir_5745\ora817_p091_5924_i5745.trc
Starting background process QMNC
Fri Dec 26 17:06:49 2025
QMNC started with pid=156, OS id=8012 
Errors in file D:\ORACLE64\diag\rdbms\ora817\ora817\trace\ora817_p091_5924.trc  (incident=5746):
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # , block # )
Incident details in: D:\ORACLE64\diag\rdbms\ora817\ora817\incident\incdir_5746\ora817_p091_5924_i5746.trc
Errors in file D:\ORACLE64\diag\rdbms\ora817\ora817\trace\ora817_smon_7424.trc  (incident=4961):
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 9, block # 504643)
ORA-01110: data file 9: 'D:\ORACLE64\ORADATA\ORA817\HRPRUN_DATA05.DBF'
Incident details in: D:\ORACLE64\diag\rdbms\ora817\ora817\incident\incdir_4961\ora817_smon_7424_i4961.trc
Completed: alter database open
SMON: Restarting fast_start parallel rollback
Fri Dec 26 17:06:51 2025
Errors in file D:\ORACLE64\diag\rdbms\ora817\ora817\trace\ora817_p000_5472.trc  (incident=5009):
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 9, block # 504643)
ORA-01110: data file 9: 'D:\ORACLE64\ORADATA\ORA817\HRPRUN_DATA05.DBF'
Incident details in: D:\ORACLE64\diag\rdbms\ora817\ora817\incident\incdir_5009\ora817_p000_5472_i5009.trc
Errors in file D:\ORACLE64\diag\rdbms\ora817\ora817\trace\ora817_p000_5472.trc  (incident=5010):
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # , block # )
Errors in file D:\ORACLE64\diag\rdbms\ora817\ora817\trace\ora817_smon_7424.trc  (incident=4962):
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 9, block # 504643)
ORA-01110: data file 9: 'D:\ORACLE64\ORADATA\ORA817\HRPRUN_DATA05.DBF'
Incident details in: D:\ORACLE64\diag\rdbms\ora817\ora817\incident\incdir_5010\ora817_p000_5472_i5010.trc

这次就比较清晰了,数据库在open过程中由于smon启动了并行回滚并遇到了坏块,导致P091进程和smon进程错误。因为数据库已经open,这个坏块导致无法回滚,直接对这个对象进行处理即可解决掉这个回滚报错问题.

发表在 Oracle备份恢复 | 标签为 , , | 留下评论

通过拷贝block实现system文件大量坏块恢复

发表于 2016 年 11 月 24 日 由 惜分飞

有朋友找到我,他有客户库大量坏块,需要我们提供支持,因为这个库里面含有大量的存储过程,包等,要求数据要直接导出,不能使用工具挖.
dbv检查system大量坏块

DBVERIFY: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 星期二 11月 22 17:17:51 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.


DBVERIFY - 开始验证: FILE = h:\oracle\system01.dbf
页 4543 流入 - 很可能是介质损坏
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x004011bf (file 1, block 4543)
Fractured block found during dbv: 
Data in bad block:
 type: 0 format: 2 rdba: 0x004011bf
 last change scn: 0x0000.00000000 seq: 0x1 flg: 0x05
 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
 consistency value in tail: 0x7641344a
 check value in block header: 0xb6ff
 computed block checksum: 0x797

页 4544 标记为损坏
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x004011c0 (file 1, block 4544)
Bad header found during dbv: 
Data in bad block:
 type: 71 format: 3 rdba: 0x754e362f
 last change scn: 0x7a37.6d424862 seq: 0x39 flg: 0x32
 spare1: 0x35 spare2: 0x32 spare3: 0x3931
 consistency value in tail: 0x7638356c
 check value in block header: 0x4856
 block checksum disabled
 …………
页 4613 标记为损坏
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x00401205 (file 1, block 4613)
Bad header found during dbv: 
Data in bad block:
 type: 97 format: 7 rdba: 0x79634449
 last change scn: 0x4364.77426a4c seq: 0x41 flg: 0x35
 spare1: 0x34 spare2: 0x36 spare3: 0x7734
 consistency value in tail: 0x505a4550
 check value in block header: 0x434d
 computed block checksum: 0x6f3f

页 4614 标记为损坏
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x00401206 (file 1, block 4614)
Completely zero block found during dbv: 
…………
页 5125 标记为损坏
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x00401405 (file 1, block 5125)
Completely zero block found during dbv: 


DBVERIFY - 验证完成

检查的页总数: 124160
处理的页总数 (数据): 90745
失败的页总数 (数据): 0
处理的页总数 (索引): 14417
失败的页总数 (索引): 0
处理的页总数 (其他): 3323
处理的总页数 (段)  : 1
失败的总页数 (段)  : 0
空的页总数: 15092
标记为损坏的总页数: 583
流入的页总数: 5
加密的总页数        : 0
最高块 SCN            : 1417256245 (2.1417256245)

这里比较明显，一共583个坏块，而且是连续坏块(5125-4543+1)

尝试启动数据库

--直接尝试打开数据库
SQL> RECOVER DATABASE;
完成介质恢复。
SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 2
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 1, block # 4575)
ORA-01110: data file 1: 'H:\ORACLE\SYSTEM01.DBF'
进程 ID: 2572
会话 ID: 85 序列号: 1

--跳过坏块event打开库
SQL> startup mount pfile='h:/oracle/pfile.txt'
ORACLE 例程已经启动。

Total System Global Area 2137886720 bytes
Fixed Size                  2282944 bytes
Variable Size             520096320 bytes
Database Buffers         1610612736 bytes
Redo Buffers                4894720 bytes
数据库装载完毕。
SQL> show parameter event;

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
event                                string      43810 trace name context forev
                                                 er, level 10, 10231 trace name
                                                  context forever, level 10, 10
                                                 232 trace name context forever
                                                 , level 10, 10233 trace name c
                                                 ontext forever, level 10, 1004
                                                 1 trace name context forever,
                                                 level 10
xml_db_events                        string      enable
SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-01113: 文件 1 需要介质恢复
ORA-01110: 数据文件 1: 'H:\ORACLE\SYSTEM01.DBF'


SQL> recover database;
完成介质恢复。
SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kokiasg1], [], [], [], [], [], [],
[], [], [], [], []
进程 ID: 9316
会话 ID: 4 序列号: 3

--upgrade方式打开数据库
SQL> startup mount pfile='h:/oracle/pfile.txt'
ORACLE 例程已经启动。

Total System Global Area 2137886720 bytes
Fixed Size                  2282944 bytes
Variable Size             520096320 bytes
Database Buffers         1610612736 bytes
Redo Buffers                4894720 bytes
数据库装载完毕。
SQL> alter database open upgrade
  2  ;
alter database open upgrade
*
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kokiasg1], [], [], [], [], [], [],
[], [], [], [], []
进程 ID: 7976
会话 ID: 4 序列号: 3

至此数据库在这种坏块情况下，正常打开相当渺茫,因为报错的这些block 都是非常靠前的,也就是说这个里面很多块在数据库创建好的时候就已经在了(特别是通过模板创建的数据库,这些部分很可能都是固定的),考虑使用其他库的block来替代这些坏块,然后尝试打开库

修复坏块

[oracle@app101-20 ~]$ dd if=/Data/oracle/oradata/txlhdb/system01.dbf of=/tmp/1.dbf skip=4543 bs=8192 count=583
583+0 records in
583+0 records out
4775936 bytes (4.8 MB) copied, 0.0533578 s, 89.5 MB/s

H:\oracle>dd if=d:/temp/1.dbf of=h:\oracle\system01.dbf seek=4543 bs=8192 count=583 conv=notrun
rawwrite dd for windows version 0.6beta3.
Written by John Newbigin <jn@it.swin.edu.au>
This program is covered by terms of the GPL Version 2.

notrun
583+0 records in
583+0 records out

H:\oracle>dbv file=system01.dbf

DBVERIFY: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 星期二 11月 22 20:17:51 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

DBVERIFY - 开始验证: FILE = H:\ORACLE\SYSTEM01.DBF


DBVERIFY - 验证完成

检查的页总数: 124160
处理的页总数 (数据): 90761
失败的页总数 (数据): 0
处理的页总数 (索引): 14479
失败的页总数 (索引): 0
处理的页总数 (其他): 3393
处理的总页数 (段)  : 1
失败的总页数 (段)  : 0
空的页总数: 15527
标记为损坏的总页数: 0
流入的页总数: 0
加密的总页数        : 0
最高块 SCN            : 295310052 (11.295310052)

再次尝试打开数据库

C:\Users\XIFENFEI>sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on 星期二 11月 22 20:18:19 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

已连接到空闲例程。

SQL> startup mount pfile='h:/oracle/pfile.txt';
ORACLE 例程已经启动。

Total System Global Area 2137886720 bytes
Fixed Size                  2282944 bytes
Variable Size             520096320 bytes
Database Buffers         1610612736 bytes
Redo Buffers                4894720 bytes
数据库装载完毕。
SQL> recover database;
完成介质恢复。
SQL> alter database open;

数据库已更改。

后续错误ORA-04023处理

C:\Users\XIFENFEI>exp "'/ as sysdba'" owner=XIFENFEI file=d:/full_xff.dmp lo
g=d:/full_xff.log   FEEDBACK=10000  COMPRESS=NO BUFFER=102400000 STATISTICS=none


Export: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 星期二 11月 22 20:20:27 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.


连接到: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Produc
tion
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
EXP-00056: 遇到 ORACLE 错误 4023
ORA-04023: 无法验证或授权对象 SELECT xdb_uid FROM SYS.EXU9XDBUID
EXP-00000: 导出终止失败

数据库所有视图无法查询,通过直接对基表user$,obj$,view$等表查询出来视图信息,然后直接编译,然后数据可以完美导出,完成本次恢复

SQL> select 'alter view '||b.name||'.'||c.name||'  compile;'
  2  from view$ a,user$ b,obj$ c
  3  where a.obj#=c.obj#
  4  and c.owner#=b.user#;

1

发表在 非常规恢复 | 标签为 , , , , | 评论关闭

csc higher than block scn类型坏块修复

发表于 2016 年 5 月 14 日 由 惜分飞

数据库虽然正常open了，但是由于system有坏块，导致数据库导出有部分表报错，客户希望通过修复坏块完美解决该问题
exp-ORA-1578

bbed检查system报坏块

C:\Users\FAL>dbv file=D:\BAIDUYUNDOWNLOAD\ORADATA\CHEASDB\SYSTEM01.DBF

DBVERIFY: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 星期六 5月 14 15:40:55 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

DBVERIFY - 开始验证: FILE = D:\BAIDUYUNDOWNLOAD\ORADATA\CHEASDB\SYSTEM01.DBF
csc(0x0000.1f8adab3) higher than block scn(0x0000.00000000)
页 122146 失败, 校验代码为 6054


DBVERIFY - 验证完成

检查的页总数: 252160
处理的页总数 (数据): 178921
失败的页总数 (数据): 0
处理的页总数 (索引): 52576
失败的页总数 (索引): 1
处理的页总数 (其他): 3201
处理的总页数 (段)  : 1
失败的总页数 (段)  : 0
空的页总数: 17462
标记为损坏的总页数: 0
流入的页总数: 0
加密的总页数        : 0
最高块 SCN            : 529420540 (0.529420540)

bbed修复坏块

C:\Users\FAL>bbed password=blockedit filename=D:\BAIDUYUNDOWNLOAD\ORADATA\CHEASDB\SYSTEM01.DBF

BBED: Release 2.0.0.0.0 - Limited Production on Sat May 14 15:37:01 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.

************* !!! For Oracle Internal Use only !!! ***************

BBED> set blocksize 8192
        BLOCKSIZE       8192

BBED> set block 2
        BLOCK#          2

BBED> map
 File: D:\BAIDUYUNDOWNLOAD\ORADATA\CHEASDB\SYSTEM01.DBF (0)
 Block: 2                                     Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------
 Data File Header

 struct kcvfh, 360 bytes                    @0

 ub4 tailchk                                @8188


BBED> set block 122147
        BLOCK#          122147

BBED> map
 File: D:\BAIDUYUNDOWNLOAD\ORADATA\CHEASDB\SYSTEM01.DBF (0)
 Block: 122147                                Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------
 KTB Data Block (Index Leaf)

 struct kcbh, 20 bytes                      @0

 struct ktbbh, 3720 bytes                   @20

 struct kdxle, 32 bytes                     @3740

 b2 kd_off[188]                             @3772

 ub1 freespace[1534]                        @4148

 ub1 rowdata[2442]                          @5682

 ub4 tailchk                                @8188


BBED> p kcbh
struct kcbh, 20 bytes                       @0
   ub1 type_kcbh                            @0        0x06
   ub1 frmt_kcbh                            @1        0xa2
   ub1 spare1_kcbh                          @2        0x00
   ub1 spare2_kcbh                          @3        0x00
   ub4 rdba_kcbh                            @4        0x0041dd22
   ub4 bas_kcbh                             @8        0x00000000
   ub2 wrp_kcbh                             @12       0x0000
   ub1 seq_kcbh                             @14       0xff
   ub1 flg_kcbh                             @15       0x04 (KCBHFCKV)
   ub2 chkval_kcbh                          @16       0x6cee
   ub2 spare3_kcbh                          @18       0x0000

BBED> verify
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = D:\BAIDUYUNDOWNLOAD\ORADATA\CHEASDB\SYSTEM01.DBF
BLOCK = 122146

Block Checking: DBA = 4316450, Block Type = KTB-managed data block
Found block already marked corrupted

DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Blocks Examined         : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 1
Total Blocks Failing   (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty            : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt   : 0
Total Blocks Influx           : 0

BBED> set offset 8188
        OFFSET          8188

BBED> map
 File: D:\BAIDUYUNDOWNLOAD\ORADATA\CHEASDB\SYSTEM01.DBF (0)
 Block: 122147                                Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------
 KTB Data Block (Index Leaf)

 struct kcbh, 20 bytes                      @0

 struct ktbbh, 3720 bytes                   @20

 struct kdxle, 32 bytes                     @3740

 b2 kd_off[188]                             @3772

 ub1 freespace[1534]                        @4148

 ub1 rowdata[2442]                          @5682

 ub4 tailchk                                @8188


BBED> d
 File: D:\BAIDUYUNDOWNLOAD\ORADATA\CHEASDB\SYSTEM01.DBF (0)
 Block: 122147           Offsets: 8188 to 8191           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 ff060000

 <32 bytes per line>


BBED> set mode edit
        MODE            Edit

BBED> m /x 01 offset 14
 File: D:\BAIDUYUNDOWNLOAD\ORADATA\CHEASDB\SYSTEM01.DBF (0)
 Block: 122147           Offsets:   14 to  525           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 0104ee6c 00000200 00003500 0000b3da 8a1f0000 00009a00 030021dd 41000900
 0700443d 0600531c c000628b 010000c0 00002c3f 5a1f0300 0000ca5e 05002b0a
 c0008685 01000080 000073d7 8a1f0400 200057a2 0500d530 c000a88e 2c000080
 0000b3d7 8a1f0a00 01002848 08001101 c00084be 29000080 0000e3d7 8a1f0800
 0d00d612 06008f0a c000258d 3c000080 000026d8 8a1f0100 1f0063c1 04006007
 c0002887 4b000080 000046d8 8a1f0700 1e005403 0600a707 c000bd8e 40000080
 00006bd8 8a1f0a00 0b000c48 08001301 c00084be 41000080 0000a2d8 8a1f0600
 1b0055e6 0500c508 c0000f8b 23000080 0000fad8 8a1f0300 0600ca5e 0500220a
 c0008685 34000080 000040d9 8a1f0800 1300d412 0600900a c000258d 2e000080
 000064d9 8a1f0600 0b0092e6 0500c608 c0000f8b 1c000080 000089d9 8a1f0a00
 05001d48 08001401 c00084be 05000080 0000aed9 8a1f0400 100030a2 0500d730
 c000a88e 0e000080 000016da 8a1f0800 1700c712 0600910a c000258d 33000080
 000022da 8a1f0200 1100450d 0500930c c000c085 28000080 00002fda 8a1f0200
 0800610d 0500940c c000c085 20000080 00004eda 8a1f0700 12003303 0600aa07
 c000bd8e 0a000120 0f00b7da 8a1f0a00 13000048 08001501 c00084be 07000220
 1e00f5da 8a1f0900 07000b44 0600650f c000968d 05000120 0f0004db 8a1f0300

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 0, Block 122147:
current = 0x6cee, required = 0x6cee

BBED> verify
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = D:\BAIDUYUNDOWNLOAD\ORADATA\CHEASDB\SYSTEM01.DBF
BLOCK = 122146


DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Blocks Examined         : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 1
Total Blocks Failing   (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty            : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt   : 0
Total Blocks Influx           : 0


BBED> m /x c1da8a1f offset 8
 File: D:\BAIDUYUNDOWNLOAD\ORADATA\CHEASDB\SYSTEM01.DBF (0)
 Block: 122147           Offsets:    8 to  519           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 c1da8a1f 00000104 ee6c0000 02000000 35000000 b3da8a1f 00000000 9a000300
 21dd4100 09000700 443d0600 531cc000 628b0100 00c00000 2c3f5a1f 03000000
 ca5e0500 2b0ac000 86850100 00800000 73d78a1f 04002000 57a20500 d530c000
 a88e2c00 00800000 b3d78a1f 0a000100 28480800 1101c000 84be2900 00800000
 e3d78a1f 08000d00 d6120600 8f0ac000 258d3c00 00800000 26d88a1f 01001f00
 63c10400 6007c000 28874b00 00800000 46d88a1f 07001e00 54030600 a707c000
 bd8e4000 00800000 6bd88a1f 0a000b00 0c480800 1301c000 84be4100 00800000
 a2d88a1f 06001b00 55e60500 c508c000 0f8b2300 00800000 fad88a1f 03000600
 ca5e0500 220ac000 86853400 00800000 40d98a1f 08001300 d4120600 900ac000
 258d2e00 00800000 64d98a1f 06000b00 92e60500 c608c000 0f8b1c00 00800000
 89d98a1f 0a000500 1d480800 1401c000 84be0500 00800000 aed98a1f 04001000
 30a20500 d730c000 a88e0e00 00800000 16da8a1f 08001700 c7120600 910ac000
 258d3300 00800000 22da8a1f 02001100 450d0500 930cc000 c0852800 00800000
 2fda8a1f 02000800 610d0500 940cc000 c0852000 00800000 4eda8a1f 07001200
 33030600 aa07c000 bd8e0a00 01200f00 b7da8a1f 0a001300 00480800 1501c000
 84be0700 02201e00 f5da8a1f 09000700 0b440600 650fc000 968d0500 01200f00

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> p kcbh
struct kcbh, 20 bytes                       @0
   ub1 type_kcbh                            @0        0x06
   ub1 frmt_kcbh                            @1        0xa2
   ub1 spare1_kcbh                          @2        0x00
   ub1 spare2_kcbh                          @3        0x00
   ub4 rdba_kcbh                            @4        0x0041dd22
   ub4 bas_kcbh                             @8        0x1f8adac1
   ub2 wrp_kcbh                             @12       0x0000
   ub1 seq_kcbh                             @14       0x01
   ub1 flg_kcbh                             @15       0x04 (KCBHFCKV)
   ub2 chkval_kcbh                          @16       0x6cee
   ub2 spare3_kcbh                          @18       0x0000


BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 0, Block 122147:
current = 0x7364, required = 0x7364


BBED> verify
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = D:\BAIDUYUNDOWNLOAD\ORADATA\CHEASDB\SYSTEM01.DBF
BLOCK = 122146


DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Blocks Examined         : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 1
Total Blocks Failing   (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty            : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt   : 0
Total Blocks Influx           : 0

dbv再次验证，坏块完美修复

C:\Users\FAL>dbv file=D:\BAIDUYUNDOWNLOAD\ORADATA\CHEASDB\SYSTEM01.DBF

DBVERIFY: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 星期六 5月 14 22:00:06 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

DBVERIFY - 开始验证: FILE = D:\BAIDUYUNDOWNLOAD\ORADATA\CHEASDB\SYSTEM01.DBF


DBVERIFY - 验证完成

检查的页总数: 259840
处理的页总数 (数据): 181934
失败的页总数 (数据): 0
处理的页总数 (索引): 57381
失败的页总数 (索引): 0
处理的页总数 (其他): 3218
处理的总页数 (段)  : 1
失败的总页数 (段)  : 0
空的页总数: 17307
标记为损坏的总页数: 0
流入的页总数: 0
加密的总页数        : 0
最高块 SCN            : 530218225 (0.530218225)

通过修复之后重新导出数据
exp-ok

参考相似篇章:file 1 block 128 corrupted/坏块恢复—system rollback坏块修复

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