分类目录归档：Oracle备份恢复

由于系统故障,导致操作系统进入,客户通过其他方式进入系统拷贝出来数据文件,redo,ctl等文件,安装版本相同的数据库,修改相关路径,启动数据库,但是启动报错,让我们给予技术支持.数据库open报ORA-600 2662错误

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
alter database open resetlogs
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00603: ORACLE server session terminated by fatal error
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [2], [2313731576], [2],
[2313735660], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [2], [2313731575], [2],
[2313735660], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [2], [2313731573], [2],
[2313735660], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []
Process ID: 22446
Session ID: 577 Serial number: 1

alert日志报错

Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident.
See Note 411.1 at My Oracle Support for error and packaging details.
Errors in file /home/oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/orcl_ora_22446.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments:[2662],[2],[2313731573],[2],[2313735660],[12583040],[],[],[],[],[],[]
Errors in file /home/oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/orcl_ora_22446.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments:[2662],[2],[2313731573],[2],[2313735660],[12583040],[],[],[],[],[],[]
Error 600 happened during db open, shutting down database
USER (ospid: 22446): terminating the instance due to error 600

这个错误比较常见,特别是使用了_allow_resetlogs_corruption屏蔽一致性强制拉库的时候.解决该问题比较简单,修改数据库scn,然后open数据库成功,参考部分案例_allow_resetlogs_corruption

[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sat Jun 20 08:31:55 2020

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup mount pfile='/tmp/pfile';
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 4275781632 bytes
Fixed Size                  2235208 bytes
Variable Size            2902459576 bytes
Database Buffers         1325400064 bytes
Redo Buffers               45686784 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

尝试导出数据

[oracle@localhost ~]$ tail -f nohup.out 
. exporting foreign function library names for user XIFENFEI 
. exporting PUBLIC type synonyms
. exporting private type synonyms
. exporting object type definitions for user XIFENFEI 
About to export LIOVBJ2017's objects ...
. exporting database links
. exporting sequence numbers
. exporting cluster definitions
. about to export LIOVBJ2017's tables via Conventional Path ...
. . exporting table                           ABCD
                                                            1 rows exported
. . exporting table               TB_D_RECORD
EXP-00008: ORACLE error 1578 encountered
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 1, block # 290344)
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf'
. . exporting table                      TB_DRIVER
EXP-00008: ORACLE error 1578 encountered
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 1, block # 290344)
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf'
. . exporting table               TB_XFF
EXP-00008: ORACLE error 1578 encountered
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 1, block # 290344)
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf'
. . exporting table              TB_XFF_TM_REL
EXP-00008: ORACLE error 1578 encountered
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 1, block # 290344)
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf'
. . exporting table                    TB_LOCATION

由于file # 1, block # 290344坏块导致数据无法导出,通过dbv检查数据文件

[oracle@localhost trace]$ dbv file=/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf

DBVERIFY: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Sat Jun 20 08:43:49 2020

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
Page 290344 is influx - most likely media corrupt
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x00446e28 (file 1, block 290344)
Fractured block found during dbv: 
Data in bad block:
 type: 6 format: 2 rdba: 0x00446e28
 last change scn: 0x0002.89e2b718 seq: 0x1 flg: 0x06
 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
 consistency value in tail: 0x61980601
 check value in block header: 0xe118
 computed block checksum: 0xd680



DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Pages Examined         : 298240
Total Pages Processed (Data) : 257035
Total Pages Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Pages Processed (Index): 13457
Total Pages Failing   (Index): 0
Total Pages Processed (Other): 3598
Total Pages Processed (Seg)  : 1
Total Pages Failing   (Seg)  : 0
Total Pages Empty            : 24149
Total Pages Marked Corrupt   : 1
Total Pages Influx           : 1
Total Pages Encrypted        : 0
Highest block SCN            : 3221247831 (2.3221247831)

确认只有一个坏块,尝试通过bbed进行坏块修复

BBED> set blocksize 8192
        BLOCKSIZE       8192

BBED> set block 290344
        BLOCK#          290344

BBED> map
 File: /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf (0)
 Block: 290344                                Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------
 KTB Data Block (Index Leaf)

 struct kcbh, 20 bytes                      @0       

 struct ktbbh, 72 bytes                     @20      

 struct kdxle, 32 bytes                     @92      

 sb2 kd_off[231]                            @124     

 ub1 freespace[3026]                        @586     

 ub1 rowdata[4508]                          @3612    

 ub4 tailchk                                @8188    


BBED> verify
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
BLOCK = 290344

Block 290344 is corrupt
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x00446e28 (file 0, block 290344)
Fractured block found during verification
Data in bad block:
 type: 6 format: 2 rdba: 0x00446e28
 last change scn: 0x0002.89e2b718 seq: 0x1 flg: 0x06
 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
 consistency value in tail: 0x61980601
 check value in block header: 0xe118
 computed block checksum: 0xd680


DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Blocks Examined         : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty            : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt   : 1
Total Blocks Influx           : 2
Message 531 not found;  product=RDBMS; facility=BBED


BBED> set mode edit
        MODE            Edit

BBED> p kcbh
struct kcbh, 20 bytes                       @0       
   ub1 type_kcbh                            @0        0x06
   ub1 frmt_kcbh                            @1        0xa2
   ub1 spare1_kcbh                          @2        0x00
   ub1 spare2_kcbh                          @3        0x00
   ub4 rdba_kcbh                            @4        0x00446e28
   ub4 bas_kcbh                             @8        0x89e2b718
   ub2 wrp_kcbh                             @12       0x0002
   ub1 seq_kcbh                             @14       0x01
   ub1 flg_kcbh                             @15       0x06 (KCBHFDLC, KCBHFCKV)
   ub2 chkval_kcbh                          @16       0xe118
   ub2 spare3_kcbh                          @18       0x0000

BBED> p tailchk
ub4 tailchk                                 @8188     0x61980601

BBED> d /v
 File: /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf (0)
 Block: 290344  Offsets: 8188 to 8191  Dba:0x00000000
-------------------------------------------------------
 01069861                            l ...a

 <16 bytes per line>

BBED> m /x 010618b7
 File: /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf (0)
 Block: 290344           Offsets: 8188 to 8191           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 010618b7 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 0, Block 290344:
current = 0xe118, required = 0xe118

BBED> verify 
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
BLOCK = 290344


DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Blocks Examined         : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 1
Total Blocks Failing   (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty            : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt   : 0
Total Blocks Influx           : 0
Message 531 not found;  product=RDBMS; facility=BBED

继续尝试导出数据,遭遇ORA-08103,参考相关文章:
模拟普通ORA-08103并解决
模拟极端ORA-08103并解决
数据库启动ORA-08103故障恢复

EXP-00056: ORACLE error 8103 encountered
ORA-08103: object no longer exists

通过对其进行处理,恢复该记录之外的所有记录,客户创建新库导入数据,数据库恢复基本完成