标签归档：ORACLE恢复

How to resolve ORA-600 [4194] errors

发表于 2016 年 7 月 26 日由惜分飞

在oracle恢复中ORA-600 4194是一个非常常见的错误,该错误的主要原因是由于redo记录和undo(rollback)记录不匹配.
ORA 600 4194错误原因以及含义

ERROR:              

  Format: ORA-600 [4194] [a] [b]
 
VERSIONS:           
  versions 6.0 to 12.1 

DESCRIPTION:

  A mismatch has been detected between Redo records and rollback (Undo) 
  records.

  We are validating the Undo record number relating to the change being 
  applied against the maximum undo record number recorded in the undo block.

  This error is reported when the validation fails.

ARGUMENTS:
  Arg [a] Maximum Undo record number in Undo block
  Arg [b] Undo record number from Redo block

ORA 600 4194 错误处理思路
第一步

Confirm whether the database is up and running or not.  If the database fails to start or crashes shortly 
after startup due to this error occurring, then try setting event 10513 at level 2 in the init.ora/spfile 
to disable transaction recovery and restart the instance, e.g.:

      event = "10513 trace name context forever, level 2"

This may allow the database to successfully open and stay up so that 
the required diagnostics/actions can be performed.

第二步

In the trace file there should be an undo segment header dump, and so check 
to see if the undo segment header shows an active transaction after recovery, e.g.:


TRN TBL    <---- Represents the Transaction table for the particular undo segment

index state cflags wrap# uel scn dba
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
0x41 9 0x80 0x35ab6 0xffff 0x0695.38f6b959 0x1081e796 
0x42 9 0x80 0x35bb1 0x000e 0x0695.38f6b028 0x1081e793 
0x43 9 0x80 0x35b11 0x005d 0x0695.38f6b7ae 0x1081e795 
0x44 9 0x80 0x359f0 0x0036 0x0695.38f69a91 0x1081e78e 
0x45 10 0x80 0x35b1b 0x0000 0x0695.3a0aba4d 0x1081e796 
0x46 9 0x80 0x35bb7 0x001c 0x0695.38f69bde 0x1081e78f 
===================================

State ---> This column specifies the status of the transaction 
                  9 -----> represents a commited transaction
                  10 ---> Represents a active transaction
Dba -----> Undo block containing the undo records
                  Strictly speaking this is the block at the end of the undo chain.

You can see from the transaction table that there is an active transaction 
for this particular rollback/undo segment after recovery.
Therefore this rollback/undo segment and/or undo tablespace cannot be dropped without corrupting the database!  
Therefore recreating the UNDO tablespace is not an option.

第三步

From the trace file determine the affected undo segment, e.g.:

Block image after block recovery:

UNDO BLK: 
xid: 0x0015.02b.0001544b seq: 0x163e cnt: 0x12 irb: 0x12 icl: 0x0 flg: 0x0000

XID ==> Undo segment no + Slot no + Sequence no

Therefore, in this case the Undo Segment is:

USN# 0x15 (Hex) ==> 21 (Dec)  ==> _SYSSMU21$

So if and ONLY IF the transaction table shows no active transaction can the
 rollback/undo segment be offlined and dropped.Note however, 
that before you can confirm if the entire UNDO tablespace can be dropped, you would need to check the 
transaction tables of ALL active rollback/undo segments in the same wasy as the above.  
The steps required to drop the rollback/undo segment are fully detailed in Note:179952.1, 
but are briefly listed here for completeness:

If using Automatic Undo Management


Offline the undo segment using the _OFFLINE_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS parameter and bounce the database as follows:

1.  Create  and edit the init.ora file for the instance to set the following parameters:

UNDO_MANAGEMENT=MANUAL 
_OFFLINE_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS=(_SYSSMU21$)

2.  Open the database in restricted mode to prevent user access, e.g.:

connect / as sysdba
startup restrict pfile = '<Full path to init.ora file>';

3.  Drop the rollback/undo segment, e.g.:

drop rollback segment "_SYSSMU21";

4.  Shutdown the instance, and remove the init.ora parameters added in point 1 and restart the instance, e.g.:

shutdown immediate
startup


If SMON was recovering the transaction then this may not work as we cannot open the database if it is determined 
to be in an inconsistent state. I have reviewed a number of SRs where this approach was successful, 
so it is important to try it first but understand that it may fail and you will have to resort to 
a point in time recovery or forcing open the DB and recreating it.

第四步

Now we need to dump the undo block to see which object was affected.  
We noted in Step 2 that this is the active transaction (from the trace file): 

TRN TBL 

index state cflags wrap# uel scn dba 
0x45 10 0x80 0x35b1b 0x0000 0x0695.3a0aba4d 0x1081e796 

Dba----------------> Undo block containing the undo records 

dba--->0x1081e796 is the block containing the active transaction . 


Use the WebIV tools to convert this RDBA to block number (block#) and file number (file#), e.g.: 

V SPLIT ==> DBA (Hex) = File#,Block# (Hex File#,Block#) 
= ===== === ===== ============ 
V8 10,10 ==> 276948886 (0x1081e796) = 66,124822 (0x42 0x1e796) 


So the file# is 66 and the block# is 124822, so dump the block by issuing: 

SQL> Alter system dump datafile 66 block 124822; 


This will generate a trace file in the user_dump_dest.  The following is a sample of the information in the undo block:

UNDO BLK: 
xid: 0x000c.045.00035b1b seq: 0x1e14 cnt: 0x17 irb: 0x17 icl: 0x0 flg: 0x0000 

Rec Offset Rec Offset Rec Offset Rec Offset Rec Offset 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
0x01 0x1f8c 0x02 0x1f30 0x03 0x1ed4 0x04 0x1e78 0x05 0x1e1c 
0x06 0x1dc0 0x07 0x1d64 0x08 0x1d08 0x09 0x1cac 0x0a 0x1c50 
0x0b 0x1bf4 0x0c 0x1b98 0x0d 0x1b3c 0x0e 0x1ae0 0x0f 0x1a74 
0x10 0x1a18 0x11 0x19bc 0x12 0x1960 0x13 0x1904 0x14 0x187c 
0x15 0x181c 0x16 0x1798 0x17 0x173c 

* Rec #0x16 slt: 0x45 objn: 1485619(0x0016ab33) objd: 1485619 tblspc: 71(0x00000047) 
* Layer: 11 (Row) opc: 1 rci 0x00 
Undo type: Regular undo Begin trans Last buffer split: No 
Temp Object: No 
Tablespace Undo: No 
rdba: 0x00000000 
*----------------------------- 
uba: 0x1081e796.1e14.14 ctl max scn: 0x0695.38f69853 prv tx scn: 0x0695.38f698a1 
KDO undo record: 
KTB Redo 
op: 0x04 ver: 0x01 
op: L itl: scn: 0x0019.009.00034237 uba: 0x36c0cce4.1d2f.19 
flg: C--- lkc: 0 scn: 0x0695.38f6b96b 
KDO Op code: URP xtype: XA bdba: 0x35406893 hdba: 0x35406892 
itli: 1 ispac: 0 maxfr: 4863 
tabn: 0 slot: 0(0x0) flag: 0x2c lock: 0 ckix: 0 
ncol: 1 nnew: 1 size: -1 
col 0: [ 4] c3 0e 36 2e 
*----------------------------- 

* Rec #0x17 slt: 0x45 objn: 1485619(0x0016ab33) objd: 1485619 tblspc: 71(0x00000047) 
* Layer: 11 (Row) opc: 1 rci 0x16 
Undo type: Regular undo Last buffer split: No 
Temp Object: No 
Tablespace Undo: No 
rdba: 0x00000000 
*----------------------------- 

From the trace file above:

UNDO BLK: 
xid: 0x000c.045.00035b1b seq: 0x1e14 cnt: 0x17 irb: 0x17 icl: 0x0 flg: 0x0000

The undo segment with the active transaction is segment is 0x000c (Hex) which is 12 (Dec) as the XID is:

      Undo segment no + Slot no + Sequence no

This step is often skipped because it was performed earlier in step 3, however it is a good idea to do this 
again now to make sure that the XID from the UNDO block matches the UNDO SEGMENT HEADER, 
this way you have followed all the chain, from the UNDO SEGMENT to UNDO BLOCK, back and forth.  
If there is a conflict here please check and make sure that the customer dumped the correct undo block.

Check for the value of irb which is an index which points you to the latest change done to the undo block.
This is the point from which a rollback would begin if one was issued.

From the trace file we see: 'irb: 0x17' so this points to record 0x17, 
so search for this particular string i.e 0x17 and it will take you to undo record 'REC #0x17', e.g.:

* Rec #0x17 slt: 0x45 objn: 1485619(0x0016ab33) objd: 1485619 tblspc: 71(0x00000047) 
* Layer: 11 (Row) opc: 1 rci 0x16 
Undo type: Regular undo Last buffer split: No 
Temp Object: No 
Tablespace Undo: No 
rdba: 0x00000000 
*----------------------------- 

Note the slot number (slt) is 0x45, the object number (objn) is the OBJECT_ID from dba_objects 
and data object number (objd) is the DATA_OBJECT_ID from dba_objects.  
These numbers may be the same but not necessarily, and so if the database is open then identify this object, e.g.:

        select object_name, owner, object_type, data_object_id from dba_objects where object_id = <objn>;

This is the object, which has an active transaction.  Note in the above trace file extract that rci 
has a value of 0x16 which means that this record is at the end of an undo chain.  
This means that the chain continues in another UNDO BLOCK.  
Please refer to unpublished Note:281504.1 for information on Undo chains.

So the next record that needs to be rolled back is present in REC #X016.  
If rci is 0x00 then it means that this is the first record present in the undo chain 
and so you can check to see if there is rdba info, e.g.:


* Rec #0x16 slt: 0x45 objn: 1485619(0x0016ab33) objd: 1485619 tblspc: 71(0x00000047) 
* Layer: 11 (Row) opc: 1 rci 0x00 
Undo type: Regular undo Begin trans Last buffer split: No 
Temp Object: No 
Tablespace Undo: No 
rdba: 0x00000000 
*----------------------------- 
uba: 0x1081e796.1e14.14 ctl max scn: 0x0695.38f69853 prv tx scn: 0x0695.38f698a1 
KDO undo record: 
KTB Redo 
op: 0x04 ver: 0x01 
op: L itl: scn: 0x0019.009.00034237 uba: 0x36c0cce4.1d2f.19 
flg: C--- lkc: 0 scn: 0x0695.38f6b96b 
KDO Op code: URP xtype: XA bdba: 0x35406893 hdba: 0x35406892 
itli: 1 ispac: 0 maxfr: 4863 
tabn: 0 slot: 0(0x0) flag: 0x2c lock: 0 ckix: 0 
ncol: 1 nnew: 1 size: -1 
col 0: [ 4] c3 0e 36 2e 
*----------------------------- 


If the object is an Index, drop and recreate it.  If it is a table, 
then again the table would need to be dropped and recreated (or truncated) 
so that its object number changes and hence the rollback/undo is no longer required.  
If this isn't possible, then you have two options:

First take a backup of the database in its current state.  
This is critical in case anything goes wrong and you lose the opportunity to salvage the data! 

Option 1

 - Restore the undo segment datafile and the datafile containing the object and perform a full recovery.
   This can only be done if you have all the archived redo as you will need to do full recovery on these files.

OR 

Option 2

If option 1 is not possible, you can use the unsupported method, e.g.:

Specify the undo segment in the _OFFLINE_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS parameter and try to drop the rollback segment.
If there is an active transaction then this is not likely to work and you will probably need 
to set the _CORRUPTED_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS parameter as well

温馨提示：
1.隐含参数_OFFLINE_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS/_CORRUPTED_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS属于Oracle内部隐含参数,建议在Oracle support认可的情况下使用,因为使用之后可能导致数据库事务完整性彻底损坏
2.进行屏蔽事务之前,如果条件允许建议使用txchecker检查
2.使用上述方法恢复数据库之后，建议通过逻辑方式导出导入重建数据库

发表在 Oracle备份恢复 | 标签为 ORA-600 4194, ORACLE恢复 | 评论关闭

aix平台 ORA-01115 ORA-01110 ORA-27067 故障恢复

发表于 2015 年 8 月 10 日由惜分飞

接到朋友恢复请求，aix 5.3,Oracle 10.2.0.1平台，数据库启动报ORA-01115 ORA-01110 ORA-27067错误，数据库无法正常打开，通过分析，是由于10201在aix上面的bug导致，通过技巧规避，完美解决给问题，数据0丢失
数据库报错alert日志

Mon Aug 10 13:25:22 2015
ALTER DATABASE   MOUNT
Mon Aug 10 13:25:29 2015
Setting recovery target incarnation to 1
Mon Aug 10 13:25:29 2015
Successful mount of redo thread 1, with mount id 432339141
Mon Aug 10 13:25:29 2015
Database mounted in Exclusive Mode
Completed: ALTER DATABASE   MOUNT
Mon Aug 10 13:25:36 2015
alter database open
Mon Aug 10 13:25:36 2015
Beginning crash recovery of 1 threads
 parallel recovery started with 15 processes
Mon Aug 10 13:25:37 2015
Started redo scan
Mon Aug 10 13:25:52 2015
Completed redo scan
 7889582 redo blocks read, 75305 data blocks need recovery
Mon Aug 10 13:25:53 2015
Errors in file /dc/admin/datacent/bdump/datacent_p002_144124.trc:
ORA-01115: IO error reading block from file 2 (block # 40704)
ORA-01110: data file 2: '/dc/oradata/datacent/undotbs01.dbf'
ORA-27067: size of I/O buffer is invalid
Additional information: 2
Additional information: 1572864
Mon Aug 10 13:25:53 2015
Aborting crash recovery due to slave death, attempting serial crash recovery
Mon Aug 10 13:25:53 2015
Beginning crash recovery of 1 threads
Mon Aug 10 13:25:53 2015
Started redo scan
Mon Aug 10 13:26:09 2015
Completed redo scan
 7889582 redo blocks read, 75305 data blocks need recovery
Mon Aug 10 13:26:12 2015
Aborting crash recovery due to error 1115
Mon Aug 10 13:26:12 2015
Errors in file /dc/admin/datacent/udump/datacent_ora_123384.trc:
ORA-01115: IO error reading block from file 2 (block # 39077)
ORA-01110: data file 2: '/dc/oradata/datacent/undotbs01.dbf'
ORA-27067: size of I/O buffer is invalid
Additional information: 2
Additional information: 1310720
ORA-1115 signalled during: alter database open...

这里报的前面两个错误ORA-01115 ORA-01110我们都非常熟悉，类似数据库启动遇到坏块或者io错误之时可能就会报如此错误。但是ORA-27067确实不多见，从mos上看，很多是由于rman备份之时的bug可能导致该错误。

dbv检测undo坏块文件

DBVERIFY: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Aug 10 23:18:15 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2003, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = /dc/oradata/datacent/undotbs01.dbf


DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Pages Examined         : 329600
Total Pages Processed (Data) : 0
Total Pages Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Pages Processed (Index): 0
Total Pages Failing   (Index): 0
Total Pages Processed (Other): 327504
Total Pages Processed (Seg)  : 17
Total Pages Failing   (Seg)  : 0
Total Pages Empty            : 2096
Total Pages Marked Corrupt   : 0
Total Pages Influx           : 0
Total Pages Encrypted        : 0
Highest block SCN            : 1887888 (0.1887888)

这里可以看到，undo文件本身并没有逻辑和物理的坏块,证明因为数据库异常的原因，可能是由于ORA-27067: size of I/O buffer is invalid导致。根据官方文档ORA-01115 ORA-27067 DURING PARALLEL INSTANCE RECOVERY AFTER INSTANCE CRASH中的解释，我们基本上可以确定很可能是由于10.2.0.1在aix平台的jfs2系统中，由于大量事务操作，突然abort掉数据库（也可能断电），从而数据库在启动的时候进行实例恢复，而由于内部的bug，导致实例恢复无法成功。通过我们处理后的，数据库完美启动，数据0丢失

数据库启动日志

Mon Aug 10 16:34:14 2015
alter database open
Mon Aug 10 16:34:14 2015
Beginning crash recovery of 1 threads
 parallel recovery started with 15 processes
Mon Aug 10 16:34:14 2015
Started redo scan
Mon Aug 10 16:34:27 2015
Completed redo scan
 7889582 redo blocks read, 0 data blocks need recovery
Mon Aug 10 16:34:27 2015
Started redo application at
 Thread 1: logseq 664704, block 1286922
Mon Aug 10 16:34:27 2015
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 4 Seq 664704 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0 errs 0: /dev/rredo04
Mon Aug 10 16:34:32 2015
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 5 Seq 664705 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0 errs 0: /dev/rredo05
Mon Aug 10 16:34:38 2015
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 6 Seq 664706 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0 errs 0: /dev/rredo06
Mon Aug 10 16:34:40 2015
Completed redo application
Mon Aug 10 16:34:40 2015
Completed crash recovery at
 Thread 1: logseq 664706, block 1017805, scn 8554793334
 0 data blocks read, 0 data blocks written, 7889582 redo blocks read
Mon Aug 10 16:34:40 2015
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 664707
Thread 1 opened at log sequence 664707
  Current log# 1 seq# 664707 mem# 0: /dev/rredo01
Successful open of redo thread 1
Mon Aug 10 16:34:40 2015
MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set
Mon Aug 10 16:34:40 2015
SMON: enabling cache recovery
Mon Aug 10 16:34:40 2015
Successfully onlined Undo Tablespace 1.
Mon Aug 10 16:34:40 2015
SMON: enabling tx recovery
Mon Aug 10 16:34:41 2015
Database Characterset is ZHS32GB18030
replication_dependency_tracking turned off (no async multimaster replication found)
WARNING: AQ_TM_PROCESSES is set to 0. System operation might be adversely affected.
Mon Aug 10 16:34:41 2015
SMON: Parallel transaction recovery tried
Mon Aug 10 16:34:42 2015
db_recovery_file_dest_size of 2048 MB is 0.00% used. This is a
user-specified limit on the amount of space that will be used by this
database for recovery-related files, and does not reflect the amount of
space available in the underlying filesystem or ASM diskgroup.
Mon Aug 10 16:34:42 2015
Completed: alter database open

发表在 ORA-xxxxx, Oracle备份恢复 | 标签为 ORA-01110, ORA-01115, ORA-27067, ORACLE恢复 | 2 条评论

分享一例由于主库逻辑坏块导致dataguard容灾失效

发表于 2015 年 7 月 10 日由惜分飞

有朋友数据库配置了物理dataguard，但是由于触发了某种Oracle bug/或者其他原因导致block出现大量逻辑坏块，结果是主备库(主库启动后就crash,备库failover后也启动后就crash)都无法正常工作,请求给予技术支持。
数据库配置了物理dataguard，但是主库在进行了某些操作之后，主库直接crash.重启主库发现，数据库启动之后，稍后数据库继续CRASH

Wed Jul 08 16:32:22 2015
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 401531 (LGWR switch)
  Current log# 6 seq# 401531 mem# 0: /opt/oracle/database/fast_recovery_area/xifenfei/onlinelog/o1_mf_6_b9p7qhrm_.log
Archived Log entry 605194 added for thread 1 sequence 401530 ID 0xfbe74bc9 dest 1:
ARC3: Standby redo logfile selected for thread 1 sequence 401530 for destination LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2
******************************************************************
LGWR: Setting 'active' archival for destination LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2
******************************************************************
Wed Jul 08 16:33:02 2015
Errors in file /opt/oracle/database/diag/rdbms/xifenfei/xifenfei/trace/xifenfei_p032_413611.trc  (incident=201910):
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [17114], [0x7FB03BB6DBD0], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [17182], [0x7FB03BB6DBF8], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Incident details in: /opt/oracle/database/diag/rdbms/xifenfei/xifenfei/incident/incdir_201910/xifenfei_p032_413611_i201910.trc
Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident.
See Note 411.1 at My Oracle Support for error and packaging details.
Errors in file /opt/oracle/database/diag/rdbms/xifenfei/xifenfei/trace/xifenfei_p032_413611.trc  (incident=201911):
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kghfrempty:ds], [0x7FB03BB6DBE8], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [17114], [0x7FB03BB6DBD0], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [17182], [0x7FB03BB6DBF8], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Incident details in: /opt/oracle/database/diag/rdbms/xifenfei/xifenfei/incident/incdir_201911/xifenfei_p032_413611_i201911.trc
Wed Jul 08 16:34:23 2015
SMON: slave died unexpectedly, downgrading to serial recovery
Errors in file /opt/oracle/database/diag/rdbms/xifenfei/xifenfei/trace/xifenfei_smon_413207.trc  (incident=201547):
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [17182], [0x7F24D680D7A0], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Incident details in: /opt/oracle/database/diag/rdbms/xifenfei/xifenfei/incident/incdir_201547/xifenfei_smon_413207_i201547.trc
Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident.
See Note 411.1 at My Oracle Support for error and packaging details.
Block recovery from logseq 401530, block 119 to scn 73226510040
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 5 Seq 401530 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0: /opt/oracle/database/fast_recovery_area/xifenfei/onlinelog/o1_mf_5_b9p7qhl0_.log
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 6 Seq 401531 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0: /opt/oracle/database/fast_recovery_area/xifenfei/onlinelog/o1_mf_6_b9p7qhrm_.log
Block recovery completed at rba 401531.1882.16, scn 17.212066009
ORACLE Instance xifenfei (pid = 16) - Error 600 encountered while recovering transaction (13, 14) on object 135520.
Errors in file /opt/oracle/database/diag/rdbms/xifenfei/xifenfei/trace/xifenfei_smon_413207.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [17182], [0x7F24D680D7A0], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Wed Jul 08 16:34:24 2015
Dumping diagnostic data in directory=[cdmp_20150708163424], requested by (instance=1, osid=413207 (SMON)), summary=[incident=201547].
Errors in file /opt/oracle/database/diag/rdbms/xifenfei/xifenfei/trace/xifenfei_smon_413207.trc  (incident=201548):
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [KSMFPG2], [0x7F24D680D000], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [17182], [0x7F24D680D7A0], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Incident details in: /opt/oracle/database/diag/rdbms/xifenfei/xifenfei/incident/incdir_201548/xifenfei_smon_413207_i201548.trc
Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident.
See Note 411.1 at My Oracle Support for error and packaging details.
Fatal internal error happened while SMON was doing active transaction recovery.
Errors in file /opt/oracle/database/diag/rdbms/xifenfei/xifenfei/trace/xifenfei_smon_413207.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [KSMFPG2], [0x7F24D680D000], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [17182], [0x7F24D680D7A0], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
SMON (ospid: 413207): terminating the instance due to error 474
System state dump requested by (instance=1, osid=413207 (SMON)), summary=[abnormal instance termination].
System State dumped to trace file /opt/oracle/database/diag/rdbms/xifenfei/xifenfei/trace/xifenfei_diag_413167_20150708163426.trc
Dumping diagnostic data in directory=[cdmp_20150708163426], requested by (instance=1, osid=413207 (SMON)), summary=[abnormal instance termination].
Instance terminated by SMON, pid = 413207

由于主库不能正常open，备库直接failover方式激活

Wed Jul 08 17:56:41 2015
alter database recover managed standby database finish
Terminal Recovery: request posted (xffdb)
Wed Jul 08 17:56:45 2015
Begin: Standby Redo Logfile archival
End: Standby Redo Logfile archival
Terminal Recovery timestamp is '07/08/2015 17:56:45'
Terminal Recovery: applying standby redo logs.
Terminal Recovery: thread 1 seq# 401533 redo required
Terminal Recovery: 
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 7 Seq 401533 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0: /opt/oracle/database/fast_recovery_area/DBHLDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_7_bb7x31lk_.log
Identified End-Of-Redo (failover) for thread 1 sequence 401533 at SCN 0xffff.ffffffff
Incomplete Recovery applied until change 73226530800 time 07/08/2015 16:56:40
Terminal Recovery: successful completion
Wed Jul 08 17:56:45 2015
ARCH: Archival stopped, error occurred. Will continue retrying
Forcing ARSCN to IRSCN for TR 17:212086768
ORACLE Instance xffdb - Archival Error
Attempt to set limbo arscn 17:212086768 irscn 17:212086768 ORA-16014: log 7 sequence# 401533 not archived, no available destinations
ORA-00312: online log 7 thread 1: '/opt/oracle/database/fast_recovery_area/DBHLDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_7_bb7x31lk_.log'

Resetting standby activation ID 4226239433 (0xfbe74bc9)
Wed Jul 08 17:56:45 2015
MRP0: Media Recovery Complete (xffdb)
MRP0: Background Media Recovery process shutdown (xffdb)
Terminal Recovery: completion detected (xffdb)
Completed: alter database recover managed standby database finish
Wed Jul 08 17:56:58 2015
alter database commit to switchover to primary
ALTER DATABASE SWITCHOVER TO PRIMARY (xffdb)
Maximum wait for role transition is 15 minutes.
Backup controlfile written to trace file /opt/oracle/database/diag/rdbms/xffdb/xffdb/trace/xffdb_ora_485094.trc
Standby terminal recovery start SCN: 73226530482
RESETLOGS after incomplete recovery UNTIL CHANGE 73226530800
Online logfile pre-clearing operation disabled by switchover
Online log /opt/oracle/database/fast_recovery_area/DBHLDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_bb7x30gw_.log: Thread 1 Group 1 was previously cleared
Online log /opt/oracle/database/fast_recovery_area/DBHLDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_bb7x30js_.log: Thread 1 Group 2 was previously cleared
Online log /opt/oracle/database/fast_recovery_area/DBHLDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_bb7x310q_.log: Thread 1 Group 3 was previously cleared
Online log /opt/oracle/database/fast_recovery_area/DBHLDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_4_bb7x312r_.log: Thread 1 Group 4 was previously cleared
Online log /opt/oracle/database/fast_recovery_area/DBHLDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_5_bb7x317f_.log: Thread 1 Group 5 was previously cleared
Online log /opt/oracle/database/fast_recovery_area/DBHLDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_6_bb7x31cz_.log: Thread 1 Group 6 was previously cleared
Standby became primary SCN: 73226530481
Wed Jul 08 17:56:58 2015
Setting recovery target incarnation to 3
Switchover: Complete - Database mounted as primary
Completed: alter database commit to switchover to primary

数据库激活成功后，重启激活之后数据库发现和主库出现类似情况

Wed Jul 08 17:57:25 2015
ALTER DATABASE   MOUNT
Successful mount of redo thread 1, with mount id 4243462021
Database mounted in Exclusive Mode
Lost write protection disabled
Completed: ALTER DATABASE   MOUNT
Wed Jul 08 17:57:30 2015
ALTER DATABASE OPEN
Assigning activation ID 4243462021 (0xfcee1785)
LGWR: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES
Wed Jul 08 17:57:30 2015
ARC0 started with pid=23, OS id=485230 
ARC0: Archival started
LGWR: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES COMPLETE
ARC0: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 2 (thread open)
Wed Jul 08 17:57:31 2015
ARC1 started with pid=24, OS id=485236 
Wed Jul 08 17:57:31 2015
ARC2 started with pid=25, OS id=485240 
Wed Jul 08 17:57:31 2015
ARC3 started with pid=26, OS id=485244 
ARC1: Archival started
ARC2: Archival started
ARC1: Becoming the 'no FAL' ARCH
ARC1: Becoming the 'no SRL' ARCH
ARC2: Becoming the heartbeat ARCH
Thread 1 opened at log sequence 2
  Current log# 2 seq# 2 mem# 0: /opt/oracle/database/fast_recovery_area/DBHLDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_bb7x30js_.log
Successful open of redo thread 1
MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set
SMON: enabling cache recovery
Wed Jul 08 17:57:31 2015
NSA2 started with pid=27, OS id=485248 
[485226] Successfully onlined Undo Tablespace 2.
Undo initialization finished serial:0 start:3453451748 end:3453452018 diff:270 (2 seconds)
Dictionary check beginning
Dictionary check complete
Verifying file header compatibility for 11g tablespace encryption..
Verifying 11g file header compatibility for tablespace encryption completed
SMON: enabling tx recovery
Database Characterset is AL32UTF8
No Resource Manager plan active
replication_dependency_tracking turned off (no async multimaster replication found)
Wed Jul 08 17:57:32 2015
Errors in file /opt/oracle/database/diag/rdbms/xffdb/xffdb/trace/xffdb_p032_485380.trc  (incident=64481):
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [17182], [0x7FE96B50DBF8], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Incident details in: /opt/oracle/database/diag/rdbms/xffdb/xffdb/incident/incdir_64481/xffdb_p032_485380_i64481.trc
Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident.
See Note 411.1 at My Oracle Support for error and packaging details.
Starting background process QMNC
Wed Jul 08 17:57:32 2015
QMNC started with pid=92, OS id=485512 
LOGSTDBY: Validating controlfile with logical metadata
LOGSTDBY: Validation complete
Dumping diagnostic data in directory=[cdmp_20150708175733], requested by (instance=1, osid=485380 (P032)), summary=[incident=64481].
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 3 (LGWR switch)
  Current log# 3 seq# 3 mem# 0: /opt/oracle/database/fast_recovery_area/DBHLDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_bb7x310q_.log
ARC3: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES
Wed Jul 08 17:57:34 2015
ARC4 started with pid=93, OS id=485516 
Wed Jul 08 17:57:35 2015
db_recovery_file_dest_size of 204800 MB is 0.41% used. This is a
user-specified limit on the amount of space that will be used by this
database for recovery-related files, and does not reflect the amount of
space available in the underlying filesystem or ASM diskgroup.
ARC4: Archival started
ARC3: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES COMPLETE
krsk_srl_archive_int: Enabling archival of deferred physical standby SRLs
Archived Log entry 273963 added for thread 1 sequence 2 ID 0xfcee1785 dest 1:
Archived Log entry 273964 added for thread 1 sequence 401533 ID 0xfbe74bc9 dest 1:
Completed: ALTER DATABASE OPEN
Wed Jul 08 17:57:36 2015
Starting background process CJQ0
Wed Jul 08 17:57:36 2015
CJQ0 started with pid=95, OS id=485554 
Shutting down archive processes
ARCH shutting down
ARC4: Archival stopped
Wed Jul 08 17:57:41 2015
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 4 (LGWR switch)
  Current log# 4 seq# 4 mem# 0: /opt/oracle/database/fast_recovery_area/DBHLDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_4_bb7x312r_.log
Wed Jul 08 17:57:41 2015
Archived Log entry 273965 added for thread 1 sequence 3 ID 0xfcee1785 dest 1:
Wed Jul 08 17:58:30 2015
Sweep [inc][64481]: completed
Sweep [inc2][64481]: completed
Wed Jul 08 17:58:31 2015
Errors in file /opt/oracle/database/diag/rdbms/xffdb/xffdb/trace/xffdb_p032_485380.trc  (incident=64482):
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [17114], [0x7FE96B50DBD0], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [17182], [0x7FE96B50DBF8], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Incident details in: /opt/oracle/database/diag/rdbms/xffdb/xffdb/incident/incdir_64482/xffdb_p032_485380_i64482.trc
Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident.
See Note 411.1 at My Oracle Support for error and packaging details.
Wed Jul 08 17:58:32 2015
Dumping diagnostic data in directory=[cdmp_20150708175832], requested by (instance=1, osid=485380 (P032)), summary=[incident=64482].
Wed Jul 08 17:58:36 2015
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 5 (LGWR switch)
  Current log# 5 seq# 5 mem# 0: /opt/oracle/database/fast_recovery_area/DBHLDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_5_bb7x317f_.log
Wed Jul 08 17:59:02 2015
Errors in file /opt/oracle/database/diag/rdbms/xffdb/xffdb/trace/xffdb_p032_485380.trc  (incident=64483):
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [17114], [0x7FE96B50DBD0], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [17114], [0x7FE96B50DBD0], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [17182], [0x7FE96B50DBF8], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Incident details in: /opt/oracle/database/diag/rdbms/xffdb/xffdb/incident/incdir_64483/xffdb_p032_485380_i64483.trc
Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident.
See Note 411.1 at My Oracle Support for error and packaging details.
Wed Jul 08 17:59:04 2015
Dumping diagnostic data in directory=[cdmp_20150708175904], requested by (instance=1, osid=485380 (P032)), summary=[incident=64483].
Wed Jul 08 17:59:29 2015
Sweep [inc][64483]: completed
Sweep [inc][64482]: completed
Sweep [inc2][64483]: completed
Sweep [inc2][64482]: completed
Wed Jul 08 17:59:30 2015
Block recovery from logseq 2, block 104 to scn 73226531646
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 2 Seq 2 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0: /opt/oracle/database/fast_recovery_area/DBHLDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_bb7x30js_.log
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 3 Seq 3 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0: /opt/oracle/database/fast_recovery_area/DBHLDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_bb7x310q_.log
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 4 Seq 4 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0: /opt/oracle/database/fast_recovery_area/DBHLDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_4_bb7x312r_.log
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 5 Seq 5 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0: /opt/oracle/database/fast_recovery_area/DBHLDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_5_bb7x317f_.log
Block recovery stopped at EOT rba 5.765.16
Block recovery completed at rba 5.765.16, scn 17.212087614
Errors in file /opt/oracle/database/diag/rdbms/xffdb/xffdb/trace/xffdb_p032_485380.trc  (incident=64484):
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [KSMFPG2], [0x7FE96B50D000], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [17114], [0x7FE96B50DBD0], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [17114], [0x7FE96B50DBD0], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [17182], [0x7FE96B50DBF8], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Incident details in: /opt/oracle/database/diag/rdbms/xffdb/xffdb/incident/incdir_64484/xffdb_p032_485380_i64484.trc
Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident.
See Note 411.1 at My Oracle Support for error and packaging details.
Dumping diagnostic data in directory=[cdmp_20150708175934], requested by (instance=1, osid=485380 (P032)), summary=[incident=64487].
Wed Jul 08 17:59:36 2015
SMON: slave died unexpectedly, downgrading to serial recovery
Errors in file /opt/oracle/database/diag/rdbms/xffdb/xffdb/trace/xffdb_smon_485190.trc  (incident=64129):
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [17182], [0x7F5AED10D7A0], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Incident details in: /opt/oracle/database/diag/rdbms/xffdb/xffdb/incident/incdir_64129/xffdb_smon_485190_i64129.trc
Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident.
See Note 411.1 at My Oracle Support for error and packaging details.
Block recovery from logseq 2, block 104 to scn 73226531646
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 2 Seq 2 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0: /opt/oracle/database/fast_recovery_area/DBHLDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_bb7x30js_.log
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 3 Seq 3 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0: /opt/oracle/database/fast_recovery_area/DBHLDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_bb7x310q_.log
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 4 Seq 4 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0: /opt/oracle/database/fast_recovery_area/DBHLDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_4_bb7x312r_.log
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 5 Seq 5 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0: /opt/oracle/database/fast_recovery_area/DBHLDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_5_bb7x317f_.log
Block recovery completed at rba 5.765.16, scn 17.212087615
ORACLE Instance xffdb (pid = 16) - Error 600 encountered while recovering transaction (13, 14) on object 135520.
Errors in file /opt/oracle/database/diag/rdbms/xffdb/xffdb/trace/xffdb_smon_485190.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [17182], [0x7F5AED10D7A0], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Dumping diagnostic data in directory=[cdmp_20150708175937], requested by (instance=1, osid=485190 (SMON)), summary=[incident=64129].
Errors in file /opt/oracle/database/diag/rdbms/xffdb/xffdb/trace/xffdb_smon_485190.trc  (incident=64130):
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [KSMFPG2], [0x7F5AED10D000], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [17182], [0x7F5AED10D7A0], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Incident details in: /opt/oracle/database/diag/rdbms/xffdb/xffdb/incident/incdir_64130/xffdb_smon_485190_i64130.trc
Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident.
See Note 411.1 at My Oracle Support for error and packaging details.
Fatal internal error happened while SMON was doing active transaction recovery.
Errors in file /opt/oracle/database/diag/rdbms/xffdb/xffdb/trace/xffdb_smon_485190.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [KSMFPG2], [0x7F5AED10D000], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [17182], [0x7F5AED10D7A0], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
SMON (ospid: 485190): terminating the instance due to error 474
System state dump requested by (instance=1, osid=485190 (SMON)), summary=[abnormal instance termination].
System State dumped to trace file /opt/oracle/database/diag/rdbms/xffdb/xffdb/trace/xffdb_diag_485150_20150708175939.trc
Dumping diagnostic data in directory=[cdmp_20150708175939], requested by (instance=1, osid=485190 (SMON)), summary=[abnormal instance termination].
Instance terminated by SMON, pid = 485190

通过进一步分析确定是67号文件有异常,使用dbv检查该文件发现

DBVERIFY: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Thu Jul 9 11:08:27 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.


DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = /opt/oracle/database/oradata/xffdb/dk_adv_ts_main_25.dbf
Block Checking: DBA = 283035270, Block Type = KTB-managed data block
data header at 0x7f87813ea064
kdbchk: the amount of space used is not equal to block size
        used=7383 fsc=0 avsp=873 dtl=8088
Page 2016902 failed with check code 6110
Block Checking: DBA = 283035271, Block Type = KTB-managed data block
data header at 0x7f87813ec064
kdbchk: the amount of space used is not equal to block size
        used=8676 fsc=0 avsp=832 dtl=8088
Page 2016903 failed with check code 6110
Block Checking: DBA = 283035272, Block Type = KTB-managed data block
data header at 0x7f87813ee064
kdbchk: avsp(1306) > tosp(894)
Page 2016904 failed with check code 6128
Block Checking: DBA = 283035273, Block Type = KTB-managed data block
data header at 0x7f87813f0064
kdbchk: the amount of space used is not equal to block size
        used=7506 fsc=0 avsp=815 dtl=8088
Page 2016905 failed with check code 6110
Block Checking: DBA = 283035274, Block Type = KTB-managed data block
data header at 0x7f87813f2064
kdbchk: the amount of space used is not equal to block size
        used=7892 fsc=0 avsp=884 dtl=8088
Page 2016906 failed with check code 6110
…………
Block Checking: DBA = 283035368, Block Type = KTB-managed data block
data header at 0x7f87814ae064
kdbchk: the amount of space used is not equal to block size
        used=7934 fsc=0 avsp=837 dtl=8088
Page 2017000 failed with check code 6110
Block Checking: DBA = 283035369, Block Type = KTB-managed data block
data header at 0x7f87814b0064
kdbchk: the amount of space used is not equal to block size
        used=7683 fsc=0 avsp=883 dtl=8088
Page 2017001 failed with check code 6110
Block Checking: DBA = 283035370, Block Type = KTB-managed data block
data header at 0x7f87814b2064
kdbchk: the amount of space used is not equal to block size
        used=8556 fsc=0 avsp=841 dtl=8088
Page 2017002 failed with check code 6110
Block Checking: DBA = 283035371, Block Type = KTB-managed data block
data header at 0x7f87814b4064
kdbchk: the amount of space used is not equal to block size
        used=7460 fsc=0 avsp=822 dtl=8088
Page 2017003 failed with check code 6110

DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Pages Examined         : 4063232
Total Pages Processed (Data) : 2724435
Total Pages Failing   (Data) : 102
Total Pages Processed (Index): 1064839
Total Pages Failing   (Index): 0
Total Pages Processed (Other): 273957
Total Pages Processed (Seg)  : 0
Total Pages Failing   (Seg)  : 0
Total Pages Empty            : 1
Total Pages Marked Corrupt   : 0
Total Pages Influx           : 0
Total Pages Encrypted        : 0
Highest block SCN            : 212065913 (17.212065913)

把datafile 67给offline之后，数据库open正常，也不再crash。这里比较明显，导致主库和被动都出现异常,主库直接crash，然后重启后，一会儿就crash；备库激活后，重启后一会儿也就crash；两个库现象相同。最后通过dbv定位到是由于某个文件出现大量逻辑坏块，导致数据库open之后，进行回滚之时crash.对于此类故障，可以通过屏蔽事务回滚，并且通过alert日志和trace文件定位到异常对象，可以删除异常对象可以暂时解决该问题。而导致数据库出现类似问题。
通过这个案例，可以的出来，由于oracle某种bug或者其他原因，导致block 逻辑损坏，而且这个损坏会传输到备库，导致备库也异常，oracle的备份，容灾不能全部依赖物理dataguard容灾。因此在条件允许情况下，建议增加物理备份和逻辑容灾（类似OGG)