分类目录归档：Oracle

ARM上的oracle数据库存储字节序分析—小字节序

发表于 2023 年 7 月 9 日 由 惜分飞

对在ARM CPU上运行的oracle数据库进行分析,判断大小字节序问题
从系统上lscpu看是小字节序

[root@xifenfei ~]# lscpu
Architecture:                    aarch64
CPU op-mode(s):                  32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order:                      Little Endian
CPU(s):                          8
On-line CPU(s) list:             0-7
Thread(s) per core:              1
Core(s) per socket:              8
Socket(s):                       1
NUMA node(s):                    1
Vendor ID:                       ARM
Model:                           1
Model name:                      Cortex-A76
Stepping:                        r4p1
BogoMIPS:                        125.00
NUMA node0 CPU(s):               0-7
…………
[root@xifenfei ~]#

从dbid分析字节序问题
数据库中查看dbid值

SQL> select name,dbid,PLATFORM_ID,PLATFORM_NAME from v$database;

NAME            DBID PLATFORM_ID
--------- ---------- -----------
PLATFORM_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ARMDB     1195886419          23
Linux OS (AARCH64)

bbed查看dbid值

BBED> p kcvfh.kcvfhhdr.kccfhdbi
ub4 kccfhdbi                                @28       0x4747c753

BBED> set count 16
        COUNT           16

BBED> d
 File: /tmp/system01.dbf (0)
 Block: 1                Offsets:   28 to   43           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 53c74747 41524d44 42000000 03040000 

 <32 bytes per line>

从这里可以看出来dbid(1195886419)是倒序存储的,也就证明了arm linux上面运行的oracle 是小字节序的.

发表在 Linux, Oracle | 标签为 , | 评论关闭

ARM Linux（麒麟操作系统）安装Oracle数据库

发表于 2023 年 7 月 8 日 由 惜分飞

Oracle在6月底发布了支持ARM cpu的oracle数据库版本19.9,下载页面,选择Oracle Database 19c for LINUX ARM (aarch64)
oracle-arm

安装技术文档参考:database-installation-guide-linux,其中描述目前for arm版本oracle只是认证了操作系统oracle linux（for arm） 8.6+
arm-liunx
在信创平台中没有oracle linux选项,为了让oracle数据库尽可能的运行在信创的硬件和系统上,我选择的麒麟V10版本进行测试安装测试(该版本未被oracle认证,仅供测试),在安装过程中遇到的几个主要坑分享下:
1. 执行runInstaller报错

[oracle@www.xifenfei.com db_1]$ ./runInstaller 
/u01/app/oracle/product/19c/db_1/perl/bin/perl: error while loading shared libraries: 
libnsl.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
[oracle@www.xifenfei.com db_1]$ perl -version

This is perl 5, version 28, subversion 3 (v5.28.3) built for aarch64-linux-thread-multi

Copyright 1987-2020, Larry Wall

Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the
GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.

Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on
this system using "man perl" or "perldoc perl".  If you have access to the
Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.

这个是由于oracle自带的perl版本依赖包操作系统中不具备,对数据库软件中的perl进行降级即可
2. 安装图形化界面报PRVG-0282 : failed to retrieve the operating system distribution ID错误
PRVG-0282

由于在该版本的cvu_prereq.xml文件中只是写了oel支持,现在的操作系统是Kylin Linux Advanced Server,不在他的列表里面,因此提示该错误,解决方案参考:19.x:Database software installation failed with ” PRVG-0282 : failed to retrieve the operating system distribution ID ” (Doc ID 2894095.1),设置CV_ASSUME_DISTID解决该问题
3. 编译报错类似:
Error in invoking target ‘clean rat_on part_on dm_on olap_on sdo_on rac_off dnfs_off’
Error in invoking target ‘mkldflags ntcontab.o nnfgt.o’
通过查看日志发现是类似以下错误
ar
确认是由于缺少了/opt/rh/devtoolset-8/root/usr/bin/ar程序导致,对其进行安装然后重试编译(出现错误类似一个个分析处理)
经过上述一系列处理,数据库软件终于顺利安装
20230708211250
4. dbca无法正常启动,静默方式直接退出,选择命令方式创建库

--准备好pfile文件,启动库到nomount
CREATE DATABASE armdb
USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY oracle
USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY oracle
LOGFILE GROUP 1 
('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/armdb/redo01a.log') SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/armdb/redo02a.log') SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/armdb/redo03a.log') SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512
MAXLOGHISTORY 1
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 8192
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/armdb/system01.dbf'
SIZE 700M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10240K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/armdb/sysaux01.dbf'
SIZE 550M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10240K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
DEFAULT TABLESPACE users
DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/armdb/users01.dbf'
SIZE 5M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp
TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/armdb/temp01.dbf'
SIZE 20M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 640K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs1
DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/armdb/undotbs01.dbf'
SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 5120K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;


--执行以下脚本
@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql
@?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql

上述操作之后,在ARM平台的麒麟V10上安装oracle 数据库的事情基本上完成

[oracle@www.xifenfei.com ~]$ uname -a
Linux www.xifenfei.com.localdomain 4.19.90-24.4.v2101.ky10.aarch64 
#1 SMP Mon May 24 14:45:37 CST 2021 aarch64 aarch64 aarch64 GNU/Linux
[oracle@www.xifenfei.com ~]$ cat /etc/os-release 
NAME="Kylin Linux Advanced Server"
VERSION="V10 (Sword)"
ID="kylin"
VERSION_ID="V10"
PRETTY_NAME="Kylin Linux Advanced Server V10 (Sword)"
ANSI_COLOR="0;31"

[oracle@www.xifenfei.com ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Sat Jul 8 23:46:42 2023
Version 19.19.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2023, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.19.0.0.0

SQL> select name,created ,PLATFORM_NAME from v$database;

NAME      CREATED
--------- ------------------
PLATFORM_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ARMDB     08-JUL-23
Linux OS (AARCH64)

本次测试是基于Oracle官方没有认证的麒麟V10进行,如果希望安装的顺利一些,稳定一些,建议选择Oracle linux（for ARM）8.6+版本

发表在 Oracle安装升级 | 标签为 , , , , , | 评论关闭

win系统删除oracle数据文件恢复

发表于 2023 年 7 月 7 日 由 惜分飞

有客户联系我们,说win平台下的数据库,在由于空间紧张,在关闭数据库的情况下删除的两个数据文件,导致数据库无法正常访问很多业务表,需要对其进行恢复,查看alert日志发现大概操作,删除文件之后,启动数据库失败

Completed: alter database mount exclusive
alter database open
Errors in file d:\app\administrator\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\trace\orcl_dbw0_4060.trc:
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 6 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 6: 'D:\DATASPACE\XXXXX.DBF'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
OSD-04002: 无法打开文件
O/S-Error: (OS 2) 系统找不到指定的文件。
Errors in file d:\app\administrator\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\trace\orcl_dbw0_4060.trc:
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 38 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 38: 'D:\DATASPACE\XXXXX24.DBF'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
OSD-04002: 无法打开文件
O/S-Error: (OS 2) 系统找不到指定的文件。
Tue Jun 27 14:50:28 2023
Checker run found 2 new persistent data failures

人工创建被删除文件,启动库报ORA-27047,OSD-04006等错误

Tue Jun 27 16:45:10 2023
ALTER DATABASE OPEN
Errors in file d:\app\administrator\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\trace\orcl_dbw0_5456.trc:
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 6 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 6: 'D:\DATASPACE\XXXXX.DBF'
ORA-27047: unable to read the header block of file
OSD-04006: ReadFile() 失败, 无法读取文件
O/S-Error: (OS 38) 已到文件结尾。

offline相关数据文件,启动库成功,但是job开始报错

Errors in file d:\app\administrator\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\trace\orcl_dbw0_5456.trc:
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 38 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 38: 'D:\DATASPACE\XXXXX24.DBF'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
OSD-04002: 无法打开文件
O/S-Error: (OS 2) 系统找不到指定的文件。
Errors in file d:\app\administrator\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\trace\orcl_ora_648.trc:
ORA-01157: 无法标识/锁定数据文件 6 - 请参阅 DBWR 跟踪文件
ORA-01110: 数据文件 6: 'D:\DATASPACE\XXXXX.DBF'
ORA-1157 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE OPEN...
Tue Jun 27 16:48:43 2023
alter database datafile 'D:\DATASPACE\XXXXX.DBF' offline drop
Completed: alter database datafile 'D:\DATASPACE\XXXXX.DBF' offline drop
Tue Jun 27 16:49:08 2023
alter database open
Tue Jun 27 16:49:08 2023
Errors in file d:\app\administrator\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\trace\orcl_dbw0_5456.trc:
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 38 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 38: 'D:\DATASPACE\XXXXX24.DBF'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
OSD-04002: 无法打开文件
O/S-Error: (OS 2) 系统找不到指定的文件。
Errors in file d:\app\administrator\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\trace\orcl_ora_3976.trc:
ORA-01157: 无法标识/锁定数据文件 38 - 请参阅 DBWR 跟踪文件
ORA-01110: 数据文件 38: 'D:\DATASPACE\XXXXX24.DBF'
ORA-1157 signalled during: alter database open...
Tue Jun 27 16:49:08 2023
Checker run found 1 new persistent data failures
Tue Jun 27 16:49:28 2023
alter database datafile 'D:\DATASPACE\XXXXX24.DBF' offline drop
Completed: alter database datafile 'D:\DATASPACE\XXXXX24.DBF' offline drop
alter database open
Tue Jun 27 16:49:37 2023
Thread 1 opened at log sequence 145929
  Current log# 3 seq# 145929 mem# 0: D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO03.LOG
Successful open of redo thread 1
MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set
Tue Jun 27 16:49:37 2023
SMON: enabling cache recovery
Successfully onlined Undo Tablespace 2.
Verifying file header compatibility for 11g tablespace encryption..
Verifying 11g file header compatibility for tablespace encryption completed
SMON: enabling tx recovery
Database Characterset is ZHS16GBK
No Resource Manager plan active
Tue Jun 27 16:49:39 2023
replication_dependency_tracking turned off (no async multimaster replication found)
Starting background process QMNC
Tue Jun 27 16:49:40 2023
QMNC started with pid=21, OS id=6096 
Completed: alter database open
Tue Jun 27 16:49:43 2023
db_recovery_file_dest_size of 4096 MB is 0.00% used. This is a
user-specified limit on the amount of space that will be used by this
database for recovery-related files, and does not reflect the amount of
space available in the underlying filesystem or ASM diskgroup.
Tue Jun 27 16:49:44 2023
Starting background process CJQ0
Tue Jun 27 16:49:44 2023
CJQ0 started with pid=142, OS id=6036 
Tue Jun 27 16:49:48 2023
Errors in file d:\app\administrator\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\trace\orcl_j007_5184.trc:
ORA-12012: 自动执行作业 64 出错
ORA-00376: 此时无法读取文件 6
ORA-01110: 数据文件 6: 'D:\DATASPACE\XXXXX.DBF'
ORA-06512: 在 "XIFENFEI.XXXXXXXX", line 2897
ORA-06512: 在 line 1
Tue Jun 27 16:51:52 2023
Errors in file d:\app\administrator\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\trace\orcl_j000_2548.trc:
ORA-12012: 自动执行作业 64 出错
ORA-00376: 此时无法读取文件 6
ORA-01110: 数据文件 6: 'D:\DATASPACE\XXXXX.DBF'
ORA-06512: 在 "XIFENFEI.XXXXXXXX", line 2897
ORA-06512: 在 line 1
Tue Jun 27 16:54:44 2023
Starting background process SMCO
Tue Jun 27 16:54:44 2023
SMCO started with pid=42, OS id=908 
Tue Jun 27 16:55:52 2023

接手现场之后,关闭数据库,使用操作系统层面反删除工具进行扫描恢复,发现其中一个文件(另外一个文件os层面无法恢复)
20230707132040

通过工具检测恢复出来的数据文件,损坏的几个block是文件头部不涉及业务数据,运气不错
20230707135054
另外一个数据文件,从os层面无法恢复,对于这种情况,只能基于底层的block层面进行恢复(恢复没有覆盖的block)
20230707150912
参考类似恢复案例:
win文件系统损坏oracle恢复
Oracle 数据文件大小为0kb或者文件丢失恢复
分享运气超级好的一次drop tablespace 数据恢复
恢复出来的两个数据文件,结合该编辑的其他数据文件通过dul工具恢复其中数据,最大程度抢救客户数据,减少损失.

发表在 Oracle备份恢复, 非常规恢复 | 标签为 , , | 评论关闭