latch: cache buffers chains

当一个数据块读入sga区,相应的buffer header会被放置到hash列表上,我们称其这hash chains,chain在中文的意为链条或串的意思,表达就是关连性.如果一个进程想访问或修改hash chain上的block,它首先要获得”cache buffers chains” latch。

原因一:低效率的SQL语句(主要体现在逻辑读过高)
cache buffers chains latch很大程度与逻辑读有关,所以要观注v$sql中BUFFER_GETS/EXECUTIONS大的语句。
同时每一个逻辑读需要一个latch get 操作及一个cpu操作,这样的sql也会很耗cpu资源。

原因二:热块(访问过于频繁)
找出热点块方法一:

--找出p1raw
select p1,p1raw from v$session_wait where event='latch: cache buffers chains';

--找到对象
SELECT /*+ RULE */
 E.OWNER || '.' || E.SEGMENT_NAME SEGMENT_NAME,
 E.PARTITION_NAME,
 E.EXTENT_ID EXTENT#,
 X.DBABLK - E.BLOCK_ID + 1 BLOCK#,
 X.TCH,
 L.CHILD#
  FROM SYS.V$LATCH_CHILDREN L, SYS.X$BH X, SYS.DBA_EXTENTS E
 WHERE X.HLADDR = '00000002576EE018'--p1raw
   AND E.FILE_ID = X.FILE#
   AND X.HLADDR = L.ADDR
   AND X.DBABLK BETWEEN E.BLOCK_ID AND E.BLOCK_ID + E.BLOCKS - 1
 ORDER BY X.TCH DESC;

找出热点块方法二:

--直接找出热点块
SELECT OBJECT_NAME, SUBOBJECT_NAME
  FROM DBA_OBJECTS
 WHERE DATA_OBJECT_ID IN
       (SELECT DATA_OBJECT_ID
          FROM (SELECT OBJ DATA_OBJECT_ID, FILE#, DBABLK, CLASS, STATE, TCH
                  FROM X$BH
                 WHERE HLADDR IN (SELECT ADDR
                                    FROM (SELECT ADDR
                                            FROM V$LATCH_CHILDREN
                                           ORDER BY (GETS + MISSES + SLEEPS) DESC)
                                   WHERE ROWNUM < 10)
                 ORDER BY TCH DESC)
         WHERE ROWNUM < 10);
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Oracle 9I Data Guard配置

1、修改参数文件
primary:
*.standby_archive_dest=’/opt/ora9/oradata/txzldb/stdarch/’
*.log_archive_dest_2=’service=txzldb.Standby optional reopen=60′ –配置tns
*.utl_file_dir=’/opt/ora9′
*.remote_archive_enable=TRUE
*.standby_file_management=AUTO
*.fal_server=’txzldb.Standby’
*.fal_client=’txzldb.Primary’
*.log_archive_dest_state_2=defer

standby:
*.standby_archive_dest=’/opt/ora9/oradata/txzldb/stdarch/’
*.log_archive_dest_2=’service=txzldb.Primary optional reopen=60′ –配置tns
*.utl_file_dir=’/opt/ora9′
*.remote_archive_enable=TRUE
*.standby_file_management=AUTO
*.fal_server=’txzldb.Primary’
*.fal_client=’txzldb.Standby’
*.log_archive_dest_state_2=defer

2、备份主库
backup database format=’/home/oracle/full_backup_%U_%s.bak’;
sql “alter system archive log current”;
–backup filesperset 10 archivelog all format=’/home/oracle/archivlog_%U_%s.bak’;(可选)
alter database create standby controlfile as ‘/home/oracle/control01.ctl’;

3、拷贝密码文件控制文件
scp /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/dbs/orapwora9i
192.168.3.2:/opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/dbs/
scp control01.ctl
192.168.3.2:/opt/oracle/oradata/ora9i/control01.ctl

4、恢复备机
拷贝备份至备机与主机相同的目录
sqlplus “/ as sysdba”
  startup nomount pfile=”
  alter database mount standby database;
  exit
  rman target / nocatalog
  restore database
–restore archivelog all;(可选)
–recover automatic standby database;(可选)

5、启动恢复状态
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;
create spfile from pfile=”;
alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2=enable scope=both;

6、添加临时表空间
recover managed standby database cancel;
alter database open read only;
alter tablespace temp add tempfile ‘/opt/oracle/oradata/ora9i/temp01.dbf’
SIZE 412M AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 640K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;
shutdown immediate;
startup nomount pfile=”
alter database mount standby database;
recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

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Oracle监听设置密码

LSNRCTL> change_password
Old password:
New password:
Reenter new password:
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=ecp-uc-db1)(PORT=1521)))
Password changed for LISTENER
The command completed successfully
LSNRCTL> set password
Password:
The command completed successfully
LSNRCTL> save_config
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=ecp-uc-db1)(PORT=1521)))
Saved LISTENER configuration parameters.
Listener Parameter File /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Old Parameter File /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.bak
The command completed successfully

[oracle@ecp-uc-db1 admin]$ cat listener.ora
#—-ADDED BY TNSLSNR 10-JUN-2011 18:13:24—
PASSWORDS_LISTENER = 6D7AA003392C436A
#——————————————–

note:10g数据库上需要上添加(重启监听)
LOCAL_OS_AUTHENTICATION_LISTENER = OFF
1、添加LOCAL_OS_AUTHENTICATION_LISTENER = OFF之前
Security ON: Password or Local OS Authentication
2、添加LOCAL_OS_AUTHENTICATION_LISTENER = OFF之后
Security ON: Password

LSNRCTL> status
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=ecp-uc-db1)(PORT=1521)))
TNS-01169: The listener has not recognized the password
LSNRCTL> stop
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=ecp-uc-db1)(PORT=1521)))
TNS-01169: The listener has not recognized the password
LSNRCTL> set password 123456
The command completed successfully
LSNRCTL> status
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=ecp-uc-db1)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
————————
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.4.0 – Production
Start Date 10-JUN-2011 18:15:49
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 1 min. 16 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Password
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary…
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=ECP-UC-DB1)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC0)))
Services Summary…
Service “PLSExtProc” has 1 instance(s).
Instance “PLSExtProc”, status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service…
Service “ecp” has 1 instance(s).
Instance “ecp”, status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service…
Service “ecpXDB” has 1 instance(s).
Instance “ecp”, status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service…
Service “ecp_XPT” has 1 instance(s).
Instance “ecp”, status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service…
The command completed successfully

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