[MySQL异常恢复]使用工具直接抽取MySQL数据字典

发表于 2014 年 12 月 11 日 由 惜分飞

熟悉Oracle的朋友都知道,当Oracle数据库无法正常启动之时,可以通过dul或者其他三方工具直接读取数据文件中数据,从而来抢救数据,减少损失,在mysql中如果使用了innodb引擎也可以在mysql数据库不启动启动下抽取相关记录.本文为抽取数据字典篇章,后续将继续提供drop恢复,truncate 恢复,delete恢复等mysql非常规恢复篇章.
创建一张get_dict测试表

mysql> use xifenfei;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+--------------------+
| Tables_in_xifenfei |
+--------------------+
| t_delete           |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create table get_dict(id int not null primary key,name varchar(100));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> insert into get_dict value(1,'www.xifenfei.com');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into get_dict value(2,'www.xifenfei.com-xifenfei');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into get_dict value(3,'xifenfei-www.xifenfei.com');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show tables;
+--------------------+
| Tables_in_xifenfei |
+--------------------+
| get_dict           |
| t_delete           |
+--------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec

mysql> select TABLE_NAME,TABLE_SCHEMA,TABLE_TYPE from information_schema.tables 
    -> where table_name='get_dict';
+------------+--------------+------------+
| TABLE_NAME | TABLE_SCHEMA | TABLE_TYPE |
+------------+--------------+------------+
| get_dict   | xifenfei     | BASE TABLE |
+------------+--------------+------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> select TABLE_NAME,NON_UNIQUE,TABLE_SCHEMA,INDEX_SCHEMA,INDEX_NAME,COLUMN_NAME from 
    -> INFORMATION_SCHEMA.STATISTICS where  TABLE_NAME='get_dict';
+------------+------------+--------------+--------------+------------+-------------+
| TABLE_NAME | NON_UNIQUE | TABLE_SCHEMA | INDEX_SCHEMA | INDEX_NAME | COLUMN_NAME |
+------------+------------+--------------+--------------+------------+-------------+
| get_dict   |          0 | xifenfei     | xifenfei     | PRIMARY    | id          |
+------------+------------+--------------+--------------+------------+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select TABLE_SCHEMA,TABLE_NAME,COLUMN_NAME,ORDINAL_POSITION from 
    -> information_schema.COLUMNS  where table_name='get_dict';
+--------------+------------+-------------+------------------+
| TABLE_SCHEMA | TABLE_NAME | COLUMN_NAME | ORDINAL_POSITION |
+--------------+------------+-------------+------------------+
| xifenfei     | get_dict   | id          |                1 |
| xifenfei     | get_dict   | name        |                2 |
+--------------+------------+-------------+------------------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)

关闭mysql数据库

[root@localhost recovery_mysql]# service mysql stop
Shutting down MySQL..[  OK  ]
[root@localhost recovery_mysql]# ps -ef|grep mysql
root     18876 15827  0 18:05 pts/1    00:00:00 grep mysql

使用工具解析innodb文件

[root@localhost recovery_mysql]# ./stream_parser -f /var/lib/mysql/ibdata1
Opening file: /var/lib/mysql/ibdata1
File information:

Opening file: /var/lib/mysql/ibdata1
File information:

ID of device containing file:         2054
inode number:                      1782889
ID of device containing file:         2054
protection:                         100660 inode number:                      1782889
(regular file)
protection:                         100660 number of hard links:                    1
(regular file)
user ID of owner:                      101
number of hard links:                    1
group ID of owner:                     102
user ID of owner:                      101
device ID (if special file):             0
group ID of owner:                     102
blocksize for filesystem I/O:         4096
device ID (if special file):             0
number of blocks allocated:          24616
blocksize for filesystem I/O:         4096
Opening file: /var/lib/mysql/ibdata1
number of blocks allocated:          24616
File information:

………………
user ID of owner:                      101
group ID of owner:                     102
device ID (if special file):             0
blocksize for filesystem I/O:         4096
ID of device containing file:         2054
number of blocks allocated:          24616
inode number:                      1782889
protection:                         100660 (regular file)
number of hard links:                    1
user ID of owner:                      101
group ID of owner:                     102
device ID (if special file):             0
blocksize for filesystem I/O:         4096
number of blocks allocated:          24616
time of last access:            1417922668 Sun Dec  7 11:24:28 2014
time of last modification:      1418294104 Thu Dec 11 18:35:04 2014
time of last status change:     1418294104 Thu Dec 11 18:35:04 2014
time of last access:            1417922668 Sun Dec  7 11:24:28 2014
total size, in bytes:             12582912 (12.000 MiB)

time of last modification:      1418294104 Thu Dec 11 18:35:04 2014
time of last status change:     1418294104 Thu Dec 11 18:35:04 2014
Size to process:                  12582912 (12.000 MiB)
total size, in bytes:             12582912 (12.000 MiB)

Size to process:                  12582912 (12.000 MiB)
All workers finished in 0 sec

主要文件介绍

[root@localhost recovery_mysql]# ls -l  pages-ibdata1/FIL_PAGE_INDEX/
total 1388
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  16384 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000001.page
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  16384 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000002.page
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  49152 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000003.page
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  49152 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000004.page
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  16384 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000005.page
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 114688 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000011.page
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 114688 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000012.page
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 114688 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000013.page
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 114688 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000014.page
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 114688 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000015.page
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 147456 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000016.page
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  98304 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000017.page
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 114688 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000018.page
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  49152 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000019.page
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  49152 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000020.page
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  49152 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000021.page
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  65536 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000025.page
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  16384 Dec 11 18:51 18446744069414584320.page

0000000000000001.page主要是记录mysql中表信息文件
0000000000000002.page主要是记录mysql中的表的列的信息文件
0000000000000003.page主要是记录mysql中表的index信息文件

抽取table数据

[root@localhost recovery_mysql]# ./c_parser -4f pages-ibdata1/FIL_PAGE_INDEX/0000000000000001.page -t 
dictionary/SYS_TABLES.sql > dumps/default/SYS_TABLES 2> dumps/default/SYS_TABLES.sql
[root@localhost recovery_mysql]# grep get dumps/default/SYS_TABLES | head -5
000000000D1D    95000001510110  SYS_TABLES      "xifenfei/get\_dict"    23      2       1       0       80      ""      9

[root@localhost recovery_mysql]# cat dumps/default/SYS_TABLES.sql
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE '/tmp/recovery_mysql/dumps/default/SYS_TABLES' REPLACE INTO TABLE `SYS_TABLES` 
FIELDS TERMINATED BY '\t' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"' LINES STARTING BY 'SYS_TABLES\t'
 (`NAME`, `ID`, `N_COLS`, `TYPE`, `MIX_ID`, `MIX_LEN`, `CLUSTER_NAME`, `SPACE`);

抽取column数据

[root@localhost recovery_mysql]#  ./c_parser -4f pages-ibdata1/FIL_PAGE_INDEX/0000000000000002.page 
 -t dictionary/SYS_COLUMNS.sql > dumps/default/SYS_COLUMNS 2> dumps/default/SYS_COLUMNS.sql
[root@localhost recovery_mysql]# cat dumps/default/SYS_COLUMNS
-- Page id: 10, Format: REDUNDANT, Records list: Valid, Expected records: (115 115)
000000000300    800000012D0123  SYS_COLUMNS     11      0       "ID"    1       4       0       0
000000000300    800000012D0138  SYS_COLUMNS     11      1       "FOR\_NAME"     1       4       0       0
…………
000000000D1D    95000001510129  SYS_COLUMNS     23      0       "id"    6       1283    4       0
000000000D1D    9500000151013E  SYS_COLUMNS     23      1       "name"  1       524303  100     0
-- Page id: 10, Found records: 115, Lost records: NO, Leaf page: YES
[root@localhost recovery_mysql]# more dumps/default/SYS_COLUMNS.sql
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE '/tmp/recovery_mysql/dumps/default/SYS_COLUMNS' REPLACE INTO TABLE
 `SYS_COLUMNS` FIELDS TERMINATED BY '\t' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY 
'"' LINES STARTING BY 'SYS_COLUMNS\t' (`TABLE_ID`, `POS`, `NAME`, `MTYPE`, `PRTYPE`, `LEN`, `PREC`);

抽取index数据

[root@localhost recovery_mysql]# ./c_parser -4f pages-ibdata1/FIL_PAGE_INDEX/0000000000000003.page
 -t dictionary/SYS_INDEXES.sql > dumps/default/SYS_INDEXES 2> dumps/default/SYS_INDEXES.sql
[root@localhost recovery_mysql]# more dumps/default/SYS_INDEXES.sql
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE '/tmp/recovery_mysql/dumps/default/SYS_INDEXES' REPLACE INTO TABLE
 `SYS_INDEXES` FIELDS TERMINATED BY '\t' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"' LINES STARTING BY 'SYS_INDEXES\t' 
(`TABLE_ID`, `ID`, `NAME`, `N_FIELDS`, `TYPE`, `SPACE`, `PAGE_NO`);
[root@localhost recovery_mysql]# more dumps/default/SYS_INDEXES
-- Page id: 11, Format: REDUNDANT, Records list: Valid, Expected records: (13 13)
000000000300    800000012D0177  SYS_INDEXES     11      11      "ID\_IND"       1       3       0       302
…………
000000000B02    820000013504C8  SYS_INDEXES     20      22      "GEN\_CLUST\_INDEX"     0       1       6       3
000000000D1D    9500000151016B  SYS_INDEXES     23      25      "PRIMARY"       1       3       9       3

启动mysql数据库

[root@localhost recovery_mysql]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL..[  OK  ]
[root@localhost recovery_mysql]# ps -ef|grep mysql
root     18948     1  0 19:57 pts/1    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql 
--pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid 
mysql    19049 18948 14 19:57 pts/1    00:00:00 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql
--plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --user=mysql
--log-error=/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.err --pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid
root     19078 15827  0 19:58 pts/1    00:00:00 grep mysql

创建抽取数据字典表

mysql> source dictionary/SYS_TABLES.sql
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
…………

mysql> source dictionary/SYS_INDEXES.sql
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
…………

mysql> source  dictionary/SYS_COLUMNS.sql 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
…………

mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| SYS_COLUMNS    |
| SYS_INDEXES    |
| SYS_TABLES     |
+----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

加载抽取数据字典数据

mysql> source dumps/default/SYS_TABLES.sql
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 11 rows affected (0.03 sec)
Records: 11  Deleted: 0  Skipped: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> source  dumps/default/SYS_INDEXES.sql
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 39 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 39  Deleted: 0  Skipped: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> source dumps/default/SYS_COLUMNS.sql
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Query OK, 115 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 115  Deleted: 0  Skipped: 0  Warnings: 0

验证抽取数据字典数据

mysql> desc SYS_TABLES
    -> ;
+--------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field        | Type                | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| NAME         | varchar(255)        | NO   | PRI |         |       |
| ID           | bigint(20) unsigned | NO   |     | 0       |       |
| N_COLS       | int(10)             | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| TYPE         | int(10) unsigned    | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| MIX_ID       | bigint(20) unsigned | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| MIX_LEN      | int(10) unsigned    | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| CLUSTER_NAME | varchar(255)        | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| SPACE        | int(10) unsigned    | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+--------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)


mysql> SELECT NAME,ID from SYS_TABLES WHERE NAME='xifenfei/get_dict';
+-------------------+----+
| NAME              | ID |
+-------------------+----+
| xifenfei/get_dict | 23 |
+-------------------+----+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> desc SYS_COLUMNS
    -> ;
+----------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field    | Type                | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| TABLE_ID | bigint(20) unsigned | NO   | PRI | NULL    |       |
| POS      | int(10) unsigned    | NO   | PRI | NULL    |       |
| NAME     | varchar(255)        | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| MTYPE    | int(10) unsigned    | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| PRTYPE   | int(10) unsigned    | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| LEN      | int(10) unsigned    | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| PREC     | int(10) unsigned    | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+----------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT TABLE_ID,NAME,MTYPE FROM SYS_COLUMNS WHERE TABLE_ID=23;
+----------+------+-------+
| TABLE_ID | NAME | MTYPE |
+----------+------+-------+
|       23 | id   |     6 |
|       23 | name |     1 |
+----------+------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> SELECT TABLE_ID,ID,NAME,TYPE FROM SYS_INDEXES WHERE TABLE_ID=23;
+----------+----+---------+------+
| TABLE_ID | ID | NAME    | TYPE |
+----------+----+---------+------+
|       23 | 25 | PRIMARY |    3 |
+----------+----+---------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

这里基本上可以看出来,在mysql数据库未启动情况下,使用工具可以正常抽取mysql数据字典信息

发表在 MySQL恢复 | 标签为 , | 评论关闭

设置pdb随cdb一起启动

发表于 2014 年 11 月 28 日 由 惜分飞

在Oracle 12.1.0.1版本中,在cdb数据库启动过程中,业务pdb无法自动open,如果要实现该功能,需要人工写触发器来实现cdb open后,pdb 给open起来.在12.1.0.2及其以后版本,可以通过设置ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE PDB SAVE STATE来实现在cdb open之后业务pdb能够自动open.
数据库启动后pdb未自动open

XFF_CDB$ROOT@SYS> startup
ORACLE 例程已经启动。

Total System Global Area  805306368 bytes
Fixed Size                  3050800 bytes
Variable Size             394265296 bytes
Database Buffers          297795584 bytes
Redo Buffers                5337088 bytes
In-Memory Area            104857600 bytes
数据库装载完毕。
数据库已经打开。
XFF_CDB$ROOT@SYS> select * from v$version;

BANNER                                                                               CON_ID
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production              0
PL/SQL Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production                                                    0
CORE    12.1.0.2.0      Production                                                        0
TNS for 64-bit Windows: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production                                   0
NLSRTL Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production                                                    0

XFF_CDB$ROOT@SYS> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB                            MOUNTED

查询dba_pdb_saved_states无记录

XFF_CDB$ROOT@SYS>  select con_name, state from dba_pdb_saved_states;

未选定行

在数据库mount状态下save state

XFF_CDB$ROOT@SYS>  ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE PDB save state;

插接式数据库已变更。

XFF_CDB$ROOT@SYS>  select con_name, state from dba_pdb_saved_states;

未选定行

pdb为mount状态下,执行save state无记录,证明save state不成功

在数据库open状态下save state—-设置pdb随cdb启动

XFF_CDB$ROOT@SYS> ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE PDB open;

插接式数据库已变更。

XFF_CDB$ROOT@SYS>  ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE PDB save state;

插接式数据库已变更。

XFF_CDB$ROOT@SYS> col con_name for a20
XFF_CDB$ROOT@SYS>  select con_name, state from dba_pdb_saved_states;

CON_NAME             STATE
-------------------- --------------
PDB                  OPEN

pdb为open状态下,执save state成功.
需要注意save state需要在pdb open情况下执行才能够生效.

重启数据库测试pdb随cdb启动

XFF_CDB$ROOT@SYS> shutdown immediate
数据库已经关闭。
已经卸载数据库。
ORACLE 例程已经关闭。
XFF_CDB$ROOT@SYS> startup
ORACLE 例程已经启动。

Total System Global Area  805306368 bytes
Fixed Size                  3050800 bytes
Variable Size             364905168 bytes
Database Buffers          327155712 bytes
Redo Buffers                5337088 bytes
In-Memory Area            104857600 bytes
数据库装载完毕。
数据库已经打开。
XFF_CDB$ROOT@SYS> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB                            READ WRITE NO

禁用pdb随cdb启动—DISCARD STATE

XFF_CDB$ROOT@SYS>  ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE PDB DISCARD  state;

插接式数据库已变更。

XFF_CDB$ROOT@SYS>  select con_name, state from dba_pdb_saved_states;

未选定行

XFF_CDB$ROOT@SYS> shutdown immediate;
数据库已经关闭。
已经卸载数据库。
ORACLE 例程已经关闭。
XFF_CDB$ROOT@SYS> startup
ORACLE 例程已经启动。

Total System Global Area  805306368 bytes
Fixed Size                  3050800 bytes
Variable Size             364905168 bytes
Database Buffers          327155712 bytes
Redo Buffers                5337088 bytes
In-Memory Area            104857600 bytes
数据库装载完毕。
数据库已经打开。
XFF_CDB$ROOT@SYS> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB                            MOUNTED
XFF_CDB$ROOT@SYS>

12.1.0.1中设置pdb随cdb启动

CREATE TRIGGER open_all_pdbs
   AFTER STARTUP
   ON DATABASE
BEGIN
   EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'alter pluggable database all open';
END open_all_pdbs;
/
发表在 ORACLE 12C | 标签为 , , | 2 条评论

SYSTEM表空间坏块恢复—C_TS#对象坏块恢复(file 1 block 60)

发表于 2014 年 11 月 22 日 由 惜分飞

一朋友给我电话,说他们客户公司数据库故障,被另外一家公司恢复了一天不能正常恢复,请求我协助解决.接手一看数据库已经被破坏的不像样子了,根据alert日志信息大概分析了故障原因和上家公司处理情况。后面接手后通过bbed修复block数据库恢复过程,在本次恢复中出现大量ORA-600错误,主要包括ORA-00600 400,ORA-00600 2662,ORA-00600 2663,ORA-00600 krhpfh_03-1209,ORA-00600 3600,ORA-00600 ktsitbs_info1,ORA-00600 4137,ORA-00600 4511,ORA-00600 4198,ORA-00600 6807等
故障原因redo文件丢失

Thu Nov 20 11:28:39 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/bdump/xifenfei_lgwr_1404.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 7 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 9 thread 1: '/data2/oradata/redo0902.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
SVR4 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Thu Nov 20 11:28:39 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/bdump/xifenfei_lgwr_1404.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 7 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 9 thread 1: '/data2/oradata/redo0902.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
SVR4 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Thu Nov 20 11:28:39 2014
LGWR: terminating instance due to error 313
Thu Nov 20 11:28:39 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/bdump/xifenfei_pmon_1394.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group  of thread 
Thu Nov 20 11:28:39 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/bdump/xifenfei_ckpt_1406.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group  of thread 
Instance terminated by LGWR, pid = 1404

尝试clear redo文件方式恢复

Thu Nov 20 13:04:16 2014
alter database clear logfile group 9
Thu Nov 20 13:04:16 2014
ORA-1624 signalled during: alter database clear logfile group 9...
Thu Nov 20 13:04:45 2014
alter database clear logfile group 9
Thu Nov 20 13:04:46 2014
ORA-1624 signalled during: alter database clear logfile group 9...
Thu Nov 20 13:04:59 2014
alter database clear unarchived logfile group 9
Thu Nov 20 13:04:59 2014
ORA-1624 signalled during: alter database clear unarchived logfile group 9...
Thu Nov 20 13:05:00 2014
alter database clear unarchived logfile group 9
Thu Nov 20 13:05:00 2014
ORA-1624 signalled during: alter database clear unarchived logfile group 9...

不完全恢复resetlogs尝试打开数据库

ORA-279 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  database using backup controlfile  ...
Thu Nov 20 13:49:01 2014
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER    CONTINUE DEFAULT  
Thu Nov 20 13:49:02 2014
Media Recovery Log /opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area/xifenfei/archivelog/2014_11_20/o1_mf_1_285999_%u_.arc
Errors with log /opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area/xifenfei/archivelog/2014_11_20/o1_mf_1_285999_%u_.arc
ORA-308 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER    CONTINUE DEFAULT  ...
Thu Nov 20 13:49:02 2014
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER    CONTINUE DEFAULT  
Thu Nov 20 13:49:02 2014
Media Recovery Log /opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area/xifenfei/archivelog/2014_11_20/o1_mf_1_285999_%u_.arc
Errors with log /opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area/xifenfei/archivelog/2014_11_20/o1_mf_1_285999_%u_.arc
ORA-308 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER    CONTINUE DEFAULT  ...
Thu Nov 20 13:49:02 2014
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER CANCEL 
Thu Nov 20 13:49:03 2014
Media Recovery Canceled
Completed: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER CANCEL 
Thu Nov 20 13:49:33 2014
alter database open resetlogs
Thu Nov 20 13:49:34 2014
ORA-1113 signalled during: alter database open resetlogs...

使用隐含参数

_allow_resetlogs_corruption= TRUE

进行不完全恢复,尝试open数据库报ORA-600 4000错误

Thu Nov 20 14:35:02 2014
ALTER DATABASE   MOUNT
Thu Nov 20 14:35:07 2014
Setting recovery target incarnation to 2
Thu Nov 20 14:35:07 2014
Successful mount of redo thread 1, with mount id 4039504598
Thu Nov 20 14:35:07 2014
Database mounted in Exclusive Mode
Completed: ALTER DATABASE   MOUNT
Thu Nov 20 14:40:33 2014
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  database until cancel  
Thu Nov 20 14:40:33 2014
Media Recovery Start
Thu Nov 20 14:40:33 2014
Media Recovery failed with error 1610
ORA-283 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  database until cancel  ...
Thu Nov 20 14:41:23 2014
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  database using backup controlfile until cancel  

Thu Nov 20 14:43:08 2014
alter database open resetlogs
Thu Nov 20 14:43:08 2014
RESETLOGS is being done without consistancy checks. This may result
in a corrupted database. The database should be recreated.
RESETLOGS after incomplete recovery UNTIL CHANGE 31293973571
Resetting resetlogs activation ID 3855216310 (0xe5c9eeb6)
Online log /data2/oradata/redo0802.log: Thread 1 Group 8 was previously cleared
Online log /data2/oradata/redo0902.log: Thread 1 Group 9 was previously cleared
Thu Nov 20 14:43:14 2014
Setting recovery target incarnation to 3
Thu Nov 20 14:43:14 2014
Assigning activation ID 4039504598 (0xf0c5f2d6)
Thread 1 opened at log sequence 1
  Current log# 9 seq# 1 mem# 0: /data2/oradata/redo0902.log
Successful open of redo thread 1
Thu Nov 20 14:43:14 2014
MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set
Thu Nov 20 14:43:14 2014
SMON: enabling cache recovery
Thu Nov 20 14:43:14 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/udump/xifenfei_ora_1844.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4000], [17], [], [], [], [], [], []
Thu Nov 20 14:43:16 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/udump/xifenfei_ora_1844.trc:
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4000], [17], [], [], [], [], [], []
Thu Nov 20 14:43:16 2014
Error 704 happened during db open, shutting down database
USER: terminating instance due to error 704
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 1844
ORA-1092 signalled during: alter database open resetlogs...

尝试隐含屏蔽回滚段

_corrupted_rollback_segments= _SYSSMU1$, _SYSSMU2$,…………

错误依旧ORA-600 4000

Thu Nov 20 15:09:21 2014
MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set
Thu Nov 20 15:09:21 2014
SMON: enabling cache recovery
Thu Nov 20 15:09:21 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/udump/xifenfei_ora_624.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4000], [17], [], [], [], [], [], []
Thu Nov 20 15:09:23 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/udump/xifenfei_ora_624.trc:
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4000], [17], [], [], [], [], [], []
Thu Nov 20 15:09:23 2014
Error 704 happened during db open, shutting down database
USER: terminating instance due to error 704
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 624
ORA-1092 signalled during: alter database open

多次重启,resetlogs后,数据库出现ORA-600 2662错误

Successful open of redo thread 1
Thu Nov 20 17:13:24 2014
MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set
Thu Nov 20 17:13:24 2014
SMON: enabling cache recovery
Thu Nov 20 17:13:24 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/udump/xifenfei_ora_7967.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [7], [1229382552], [7], [1229560642], [8388633], [], []
Thu Nov 20 17:13:25 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/udump/xifenfei_ora_7967.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [7], [1229382552], [7], [1229560642], [8388633], [], []
Thu Nov 20 17:13:25 2014
Error 600 happened during db open, shutting down database
USER: terminating instance due to error 600
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 7967
ORA-1092 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE OPEN...
Thu Nov 20 17:18:23 2014
USER: terminating instance due to error 1092
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 7967

offline undo相关文件,尝试打开数据库

Database mounted in Exclusive Mode
Completed: ALTER DATABASE   MOUNT
Thu Nov 20 17:52:31 2014
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  database until cancel  
Thu Nov 20 17:52:31 2014
Media Recovery Start
 parallel recovery started with 15 processes
ORA-279 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  database until cancel  ...
Thu Nov 20 17:53:42 2014
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER CANCEL 
Thu Nov 20 17:53:44 2014
ORA-1547 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER CANCEL ...
Thu Nov 20 17:56:34 2014
alter database datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/undotbs01.dbf' offline
Thu Nov 20 17:56:35 2014
Completed: alter database datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/undotbs01.dbf' offline
Thu Nov 20 17:57:01 2014
alter database datafile '/data2/oradata/undotbs02.dbf' offline
Thu Nov 20 17:57:02 2014
Completed: alter database datafile '/data2/oradata/undotbs02.dbf' offline
Thu Nov 20 17:57:26 2014
alter database datafile '/data2/oradata/undotbs03.dbf' offline
Thu Nov 20 17:57:27 2014
Completed: alter database datafile '/data2/oradata/undotbs03.dbf' offline
Thu Nov 20 17:57:43 2014
alter database open resetlogs
Thu Nov 20 17:57:43 2014
RESETLOGS is being done without consistancy checks. This may result
in a corrupted database. The database should be recreated.
ORA-1245 signalled during: alter database open resetlogs...
Thu Nov 20 17:58:58 2014
alter database datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/undotbs01.dbf' offline drop
Thu Nov 20 17:58:58 2014
Completed: alter database datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/undotbs01.dbf' offline drop
Thu Nov 20 17:59:15 2014
alter database open resetlogs
Thu Nov 20 17:59:15 2014
RESETLOGS is being done without consistancy checks. This may result
in a corrupted database. The database should be recreated.
ORA-1245 signalled during: alter database open resetlogs...
Thu Nov 20 17:59:35 2014
alter database datafile '/data2/oradata/undotbs02.dbf' offline drop
Thu Nov 20 17:59:35 2014
Completed: alter database datafile '/data2/oradata/undotbs02.dbf' offline drop
Thu Nov 20 17:59:50 2014
alter database datafile '/data2/oradata/undotbs03.dbf' offline drop
Thu Nov 20 17:59:50 2014
Completed: alter database datafile '/data2/oradata/undotbs03.dbf' offline drop
Thu Nov 20 18:00:07 2014
alter database open resetlogs
Thu Nov 20 18:00:07 2014
RESETLOGS is being done without consistancy checks. This may result
in a corrupted database. The database should be recreated.
RESETLOGS after incomplete recovery UNTIL CHANGE 31294173628
Resetting resetlogs activation ID 4039492628 (0xf0c5c414)
Online log /data2/oradata/redo0802.log: Thread 1 Group 8 was previously cleared
Thu Nov 20 18:00:14 2014
Setting recovery target incarnation to 8
Thu Nov 20 18:00:14 2014
Assigning activation ID 4039504142 (0xf0c5f10e)
Thread 1 opened at log sequence 1
  Current log# 9 seq# 1 mem# 0: /data2/oradata/redo0902.log
Successful open of redo thread 1
Thu Nov 20 18:00:15 2014
MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set
Thu Nov 20 18:00:15 2014
SMON: enabling cache recovery
Thu Nov 20 18:00:15 2014
Successfully onlined Undo Tablespace 1.
Dictionary check beginning
File #2 is offline, but is part of an online tablespace.
data file 2: '/opt/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/undotbs01.dbf'
File #100 is offline, but is part of an online tablespace.
data file 100: '/data2/oradata/undotbs02.dbf'
Thu Nov 20 18:00:28 2014
File #185 is offline, but is part of an online tablespace.
data file 185: '/data2/oradata/undotbs03.dbf'
Dictionary check complete
Thu Nov 20 18:00:35 2014
SMON: enabling tx recovery
Thu Nov 20 18:00:36 2014
Database Characterset is ZHS16CGB231280
Thu Nov 20 18:00:37 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/udump/xifenfei_ora_28472.trc:
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1
ORA-00376: file 185 cannot be read at this time
ORA-01110: data file 185: '/data2/oradata/undotbs03.dbf'
Error 604 happened during db open, shutting down database
USER: terminating instance due to error 604
Thu Nov 20 18:00:37 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/bdump/xifenfei_lgwr_28450.trc:
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 
Thu Nov 20 18:00:37 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/bdump/xifenfei_dbw0_28446.trc:
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 28472
ORA-1092 signalled during: alter database open resetlogs...

不知道做了什么操作出现file 1 block 60坏块,很可能bbed修改错误导致

Thu Nov 20 19:18:15 2014
SMON: enabling cache recovery
Thu Nov 20 19:18:16 2014
Hex dump of (file 1, block 60) in trace file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/udump/xifenfei_ora_13232.trc
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x0040003c (file 1, block 60)
Bad header found during buffer read
Data in bad block:
 type: 128 format: 0 rdba: 0x0040003c
 last change scn: 0x0005.ebe04bc9 seq: 0x2 flg: 0x04
 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
 consistency value in tail: 0x4bc90602
 check value in block header: 0x6faa
 computed block checksum: 0x0
Reread of rdba: 0x0040003c (file 1, block 60) found same corrupted data
Successfully onlined Undo Tablespace 1.
Thu Nov 20 19:18:16 2014
SMON: enabling tx recovery
Thu Nov 20 19:18:17 2014
Database Characterset is ZHS16CGB231280
Thu Nov 20 19:18:17 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/udump/xifenfei_ora_13232.trc:
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1
ORA-00376: file 185 cannot be read at this time
ORA-01110: data file 185: '/data2/oradata/undotbs03.dbf'
Error 604 happened during db open, shutting down database
USER: terminating instance due to error 604
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 13232
ORA-1092 signalled during: alter database open...

尝试不完全恢复,并resetlogs操作

ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  database until cancel  
Thu Nov 20 19:33:41 2014
Media Recovery Start
Datafile 2 is on orphaned branch
          File status = 4
        Abs fuzzy SCN = 0
 Hot backup fuzzy SCN = 0
Thu Nov 20 19:33:41 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/udump/xifenfei_ora_20878.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [krhpfh_03-1209], [2], [864151207], [864153315], [1229402557], [7], [0], [0]
ORA-01110: data file 2: '/opt/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/undotbs01.dbf'
Thu Nov 20 19:33:42 2014
Media Recovery failed with error 600
ORA-283 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  database until cancel  ...
Thu Nov 20 19:34:06 2014
alter database open resetlogs
Thu Nov 20 19:34:06 2014
ORA-1139 signalled during: alter database open resetlogs...
Thu Nov 20 19:34:17 2014
alter database open
Thu Nov 20 19:34:17 2014
ORA-1190 signalled during: alter database open...
Thu Nov 20 19:35:57 2014
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  database until cancel  
Thu Nov 20 19:35:57 2014
Media Recovery Start
Datafile 2 is on orphaned branch
          File status = 4
        Abs fuzzy SCN = 0
 Hot backup fuzzy SCN = 0
Thu Nov 20 19:35:58 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/udump/xifenfei_ora_20878.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [krhpfh_03-1209], [2], [864151207], [864153315], [1229402557], [7], [0], [0]
ORA-01110: data file 2: '/opt/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/undotbs01.dbf'
Thu Nov 20 19:35:59 2014
Media Recovery failed with error 600
ORA-283 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  database until cancel  ...
Thu Nov 20 19:37:19 2014
alter database open resetlogs
Thu Nov 20 19:37:19 2014
ORA-1139 signalled during: alter database open resetlogs...

继续打开报 ORA-600 3600错误

Thu Nov 20 19:43:14 2014
alter database datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/undotbs01.dbf' offline drop
Thu Nov 20 19:43:14 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/bdump/xifenfei_dbw0_20856.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [3600], [2], [14], [], [], [], [], []
Thu Nov 20 19:43:15 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/bdump/xifenfei_dbw0_20856.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [3600], [2], [14], [], [], [], [], []
Thu Nov 20 19:43:15 2014
DBW0: terminating instance due to error 471
Instance terminated by DBW0, pid = 20856
1
<strong>中间多次重启和resetlogs，还出现ORA-600 2663错误</strong>
1
Fri Nov 21 12:35:12 2014
MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set
Fri Nov 21 12:35:12 2014
SMON: enabling cache recovery
Fri Nov 21 12:35:13 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/udump/xifenfei_ora_15596.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2663], [7], [1229543007], [7], [1229560642], [], [], []
Fri Nov 21 12:35:14 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/udump/xifenfei_ora_15596.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2663], [7], [1229543007], [7], [1229560642], [], [], []
Fri Nov 21 12:35:14 2014
Error 600 happened during db open, shutting down database
USER: terminating instance due to error 600
Fri Nov 21 12:35:14 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/bdump/xifenfei_mman_15572.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Fri Nov 21 12:35:14 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/bdump/xifenfei_dbw1_15576.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 15596
ORA-1092 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE OPEN..

继续尝试打开数据库出现ORA-600 ktsitbs_info1错误

SMON: enabling cache recovery
Fri Nov 21 13:54:25 2014
Hex dump of (file 1, block 60) in trace file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/udump/xifenfei_ora_21111.trc
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x0040003c (file 1, block 60)
Bad header found during buffer read
Data in bad block:
 type: 128 format: 0 rdba: 0x0040003c
 last change scn: 0x0005.ebe04bc9 seq: 0x2 flg: 0x04
 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
 consistency value in tail: 0x4bc90602
 check value in block header: 0x6faa
 computed block checksum: 0x0
Reread of rdba: 0x0040003c (file 1, block 60) found same corrupted data
Fri Nov 21 13:54:25 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/udump/xifenfei_ora_21111.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [ktsitbs_info1], [2], [], [], [], [], [], []
Fri Nov 21 13:54:27 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/udump/xifenfei_ora_21111.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [ktsitbs_info1], [2], [], [], [], [], [], []
Error 600 happened during db open, shutting down database
USER: terminating instance due to error 600
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 21111
ORA-1092 signalled during: alter database open...

以上是客户数据库故障原因和问题大概的处理过程,下面是我接手后的处理过程

dbv 检查system01.dbf文件,得到结果

HNDX-DB% dbv file=/opt/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf

DBVERIFY: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Fri Nov 21 16:22:37 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = /opt/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf
Page 60 is marked corrupt
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x0040003c (file 1, block 60)
Bad header found during dbv: 
Data in bad block:
 type: 128 format: 0 rdba: 0x0040003c
 last change scn: 0x0005.ebe04bc9 seq: 0x2 flg: 0x04
 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
 consistency value in tail: 0x4bc90602
 check value in block header: 0x6faa
 computed block checksum: 0x0

Corrupt block relative dba: 0x004001f2 (file 1, block 498)
Bad check value found during buffer read
Data in bad block:
 type: 6 format: 2 rdba: 0x004001f2
 last change scn: 0x0007.49499ca1 seq: 0x1 flg: 0x06
 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
 consistency value in tail: 0x9ca10601
 check value in block header: 0xe458
 computed block checksum: 0x9720


DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Pages Examined         : 786432
Total Pages Processed (Data) : 201131
Total Pages Failing   (Data) : 2
Total Pages Processed (Index): 221394
Total Pages Failing   (Index): 0
Total Pages Processed (Other): 60265
Total Pages Processed (Seg)  : 0
Total Pages Failing   (Seg)  : 0
Total Pages Empty            : 303641
Total Pages Marked Corrupt   : 2
Total Pages Influx           : 0
Highest block SCN            : 1229823477 (7.1229823477)

这里知道数据库有两个坏块,而且根据对于bootstrap$的经验,可以大概确定60坏块很可能是C_TS#,第一反应type异常,498可能是seq$

对数据库启动过程做10046,得到trace文件

PARSING IN CURSOR #1 len=275 dep=2 uid=0 oct=3 lid=0 tim=27978051403575 hv=3408408745 ad='7df93cd0'
select name,online$,contents$,undofile#,undoblock#,blocksize,dflmaxext,dflinit,dflincr,dflextpct,dflminext, 
dflminlen, owner#,scnwrp,scnbas, NVL(pitrscnwrp, 0), NVL(pitrscnbas, 0), dflogging, bitmapped, inc#, flags, 
plugged, NVL(spare1,0), NVL(spare2,0) from ts$ where ts#=:1
END OF STMT
PARSE #1:c=0,e=92,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=0,dep=2,og=4,tim=27978051403569
BINDS #1:
kkscoacd
 Bind#0
  oacdty=02 mxl=22(22) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00
  oacflg=08 fl2=0001 frm=00 csi=00 siz=24 off=0
  kxsbbbfp=ffffffff7dbac9a8  bln=22  avl=02  flg=05
  value=2
EXEC #1:c=0,e=310,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=0,dep=2,og=4,tim=27978051404296
WAIT #1: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 42 file#=1 block#=60 blocks=1 obj#=-1 tim=27978051404449
Hex dump of (file 1, block 60)
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x0040003c (file 1, block 60)
Bad header found during buffer read
Data in bad block:
 type: 128 format: 0 rdba: 0x0040003c
 last change scn: 0x0005.ebe04bc9 seq: 0x2 flg: 0x04
 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
 consistency value in tail: 0x4bc90602
 check value in block header: 0x6faa
 computed block checksum: 0x0
Reread of rdba: 0x0040003c (file 1, block 60) found same corrupted data
FETCH #1:c=10000,e=4072,p=1,cr=2,cu=0,mis=0,r=0,dep=2,og=4,tim=27978051408438
STAT #1 id=1 cnt=0 pid=0 pos=1 obj=16 op='TABLE ACCESS CLUSTER TS$ (cr=2 pr=1 pw=0 time=4075 us)'
STAT #1 id=2 cnt=1 pid=1 pos=1 obj=7 op='INDEX UNIQUE SCAN I_TS# (cr=1 pr=0 pw=0 time=13 us)'
*** 2014-11-22 14:44:43.235
ksedmp: internal or fatal error
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [ktsitbs_info1], [2], [], [], [], [], [], []
Current SQL statement for this session:
select max(maxconcurrency) from sys.wrh$_undostat  where instance_number = :1 and dbid = :2 
and snap_id in   (select snap_id from dba_hist_snapshot where end_interval_time >     
(select max(end_interval_time)-7 from dba_hist_snapshot))

这里显示了数据库启动报ORA-00600[ktsitbs_info1],[2]，明显的表示了b中的2是表示表空间号,由于ts$坏块,无法读取ts$中表空间信息,从而出现数据字典不一致,从而出现该错误。所以恢复该库的关键是修复file 1 block 60.

bbed尝试修复file 1 block 60

HNDX-DB% bbed password=blockedit mode=edit

BBED: Release 2.0.0.0.0 - Limited Production on Sat Nov 22 15:16:26 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

************* !!! For Oracle Internal Use only !!! ***************

BBED> set filename '/opt/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf'
        FILENAME        /opt/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf

BBED> set block 8192
        BLOCK#          8192

BBED> set block 60
        BLOCK#          60

BBED> set count 64
        COUNT           64

BBED> map
 File: /opt/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf (0)
 Block: 60                                    Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------
BBED-00400: invalid blocktype (128)


BBED> set block 61
        BLOCK#          61

BBED> map
 File: /opt/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf (0)
 Block: 61                                    Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------
 KTB Data Block (Table/Cluster)

 struct kcbh, 20 bytes                      @0       

 struct ktbbh, 72 bytes                     @20      

 struct kdbh, 14 bytes                      @92      

 struct kdbt[3], 12 bytes                   @106     

 sb2 kdbr[2]                                @118     

 ub1 freespace[7959]                        @122     

 ub1 rowdata[107]                           @8081    

 ub4 tailchk                                @8188    


BBED> p kcbh
struct kcbh, 20 bytes                       @0       
   ub1 type_kcbh                            @0        0x06
   ub1 frmt_kcbh                            @1        0xa2
   ub1 spare1_kcbh                          @2        0x00
   ub1 spare2_kcbh                          @3        0x00
   ub4 rdba_kcbh                            @4        0x0040003d
   ub4 bas_kcbh                             @8        0x0000235b
   ub2 wrp_kcbh                             @12       0x0000
   ub1 seq_kcbh                             @14       0x01
   ub1 flg_kcbh                             @15       0x04 (KCBHFCKV)
   ub2 chkval_kcbh                          @16       0x7a85
   ub2 spare3_kcbh                          @18       0x0000

BBED> set block 60
        BLOCK#          60

BBED> d
 File: /opt/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf (0)
 Block: 60               Offsets:    0 to   63           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 80000000 0040003c ebe04bc9 00050204 6faa0000 01000000 00000006 29b3a204 
 00040ca0 00020200 00000000 000a0000 00000002 0080009b 00000100 80000000 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> d block 61
 File: /opt/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf (0)
 Block: 61               Offsets:    0 to   63           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 06a20000 0040003d 0000235b 00000104 7a850000 01000000 00000006 00001837 
 00001738 00020200 00000000 0007002e 00000002 00800075 00012300 80000000 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> set block 60
        BLOCK#          60

BBED> m /x 06a2
 File: /opt/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf (0)
 Block: 60               Offsets:    0 to   63           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 06a20000 0040003c ebe04bc9 00050204 6faa0000 01000000 00000006 29b3a204 
 00040ca0 00020200 00000000 000a0000 00000002 0080009b 00000100 80000000 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> map
 File: /opt/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf (0)
 Block: 60                                    Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------
 KTB Data Block (Table/Cluster)

 struct kcbh, 20 bytes                      @0       

 struct ktbbh, 72 bytes                     @20      

 struct kdbh, 14 bytes                      @92      

 struct kdbt[3], 12 bytes                   @106     

 sb2 kdbr[2]                                @118     

 ub1 freespace[7598]                        @122     

 ub1 rowdata[468]                           @7720    

 ub4 tailchk                                @8188    


BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 0, Block 60:
current = 0xe908, required = 0xe908

BBED> verify
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = /opt/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf
BLOCK = 60


DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Blocks Examined         : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 1
Total Blocks Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty            : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt   : 0
Total Blocks Influx           : 0

BBED>

尝试启动数据库

Sat Nov 22 15:51:33 2014
alter database open
Sat Nov 22 15:51:34 2014
Thread 1 opened at log sequence 7
  Current log# 8 seq# 7 mem# 0: /data2/oradata/redo0802.log
Successful open of redo thread 1
Sat Nov 22 15:51:34 2014
MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set
Sat Nov 22 15:51:34 2014
SMON: enabling cache recovery
SMON: enabling tx recovery
Sat Nov 22 15:51:34 2014
Database Characterset is ZHS16CGB231280
Hex dump of (file 1, block 498) in trace file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/udump/xifenfei_ora_2818.trc
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x004001f2 (file 1, block 498)
Bad check value found during buffer read
Data in bad block:
 type: 6 format: 2 rdba: 0x004001f2
 last change scn: 0x0007.49499ca1 seq: 0x1 flg: 0x06
 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
 consistency value in tail: 0x9ca10601
 check value in block header: 0xe458
 computed block checksum: 0x9720
Reread of rdba: 0x004001f2 (file 1, block 498) found same corrupted data
Sat Nov 22 15:51:35 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/bdump/xifenfei_smon_2803.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4000], [12], [], [], [], [], [], []
replication_dependency_tracking turned off (no async multimaster replication found)
Starting background process QMNC
QMNC started with pid=18, OS id=3000
Sat Nov 22 15:51:36 2014
Completed: alter database open
Sat Nov 22 15:51:36 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/udump/xifenfei_ora_3010.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [6807], [AUDSES$], [144], [], [], [], [], []
Sat Nov 22 15:51:37 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/bdump/xifenfei_mmon_2809.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [6807], [WRI$_ALERT_SEQUENCE], [8783], [], [], [], [], []
Sat Nov 22 15:51:37 2014
Non-fatal internal error happenned while SMON was doing non-existent object cleanup.
SMON encountered 1 out of maximum 100 non-fatal internal errors.
Sat Nov 22 15:51:38 2014
ORA-600 encountered when generating server alert SMG-3000
Sat Nov 22 15:51:38 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/bdump/xifenfei_mmon_2809.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [ktcpoptx_0], [0x772705E60], [], [], [], [], [], []

只要出现ORA-600 4000和ORA-600 6807错误,其中ORA-600 6807错误比较明显是由于seq$坏块,导致AUDSES$ seq异常导致。ORA-600 4000应该是回滚段异常,继续分析回滚段

SQL> select name,ts#,status$ from undo$;

NAME                                  TS#    STATUS$
------------------------------ ---------- ----------
SYSTEM                                  0          2
_SYSSMU1$                               1          2
_SYSSMU2$                               1          2
_SYSSMU3$                               1          2
…………
_SYSSMU168$                             1          2
_SYSSMU169$                             1          2

这里很异常,system回滚段在数据库open之后,按照常理不可能处于STATUS$=2(OFFLINE)状态。而且其他回滚段全部为OFFLINE状态也属于异常情况.而且尝试drop undo报ORA-01561,另外在dba_rollback_segs中无SYSTEM(查询结果忘记保存)

SQL> drop tablespace undotbs1 including contents; 
drop tablespace undotbs1 including contents
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01561: failed to remove all objects in the tablespace specified

通过这一系列很怀疑是由于bbed 修改了undo$等相关基表信息导致现在system中的undo信息混乱.信息反馈给客户后,客户想起来昨天给他们恢复的公司在bbed操作前备份了system01.dbf.突然感觉救星来了.实在怕不懂bbed的人折腾bbed

dbv检测备份文件

DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = /data3/backup/system01.dbf_bak
Page 60 is marked corrupt
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x0040003c (file 1, block 60)
Bad header found during dbv: 
Data in bad block:
 type: 128 format: 0 rdba: 0x0040003c
 last change scn: 0x0005.ebe04bc9 seq: 0x2 flg: 0x04
 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
 consistency value in tail: 0x4bc90602
 check value in block header: 0x6faa
 computed block checksum: 0x0

Block Checking: DBA = 4194802, Block Type = KTB-managed data block
data header at 0x1002ef05c
kdbchk: row locked by non-existent transaction
        table=0   slot=4
        lockid=1   ktbbhitc=2
Page 498 failed with check code 6101


DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Pages Examined         : 786432
Total Pages Processed (Data) : 201131
Total Pages Failing   (Data) : 1
Total Pages Processed (Index): 221394
Total Pages Failing   (Index): 0
Total Pages Processed (Other): 60265
Total Pages Processed (Seg)  : 0
Total Pages Failing   (Seg)  : 0
Total Pages Empty            : 303641
Total Pages Marked Corrupt   : 1
Total Pages Influx           : 0
Highest block SCN            : 1229823477 (7.1229823477)

好家伙只有一个物理坏块和一个逻辑坏块,而对于物理坏块block 60已经知道如何修复,逻辑坏块可以尝试设置隐含参数跳过去,bbed修改相关block(同上步骤)

再次启动数据库

dd if=/opt/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf bs=8192 count=2 of=/tmp/system01.2
dd if=/tmp/system01.2 of=/data3/backup/system01.dbf_bak bs=8192 count=2 conv=notrunc 

Sat Nov 22 17:52:50 2014
Database mounted in Exclusive Mode
Completed: ALTER DATABASE   MOUNT
Sat Nov 22 17:53:38 2014
alter database rename file '/opt/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf' to '/data3/backup/system01.dbf_bak'
Sat Nov 22 17:53:39 2014
Completed: alter database rename file '/opt/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf' to '/data3/backup/system01.dbf_bak'
Sat Nov 22 17:55:43 2014
alter database open
Sat Nov 22 17:55:48 2014
LGWR: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES
ARC0 started with pid=18, OS id=15858
Sat Nov 22 17:56:10 2014
ARC0: Archival started
ARC1: Archival started
LGWR: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES COMPLETE
ARC1 started with pid=17, OS id=15879
Sat Nov 22 17:56:19 2014
Thread 1 opened at log sequence 7
  Current log# 8 seq# 7 mem# 0: /data2/oradata/redo0802.log
Successful open of redo thread 1
Sat Nov 22 17:56:19 2014
MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set
Sat Nov 22 17:56:19 2014
SMON: enabling cache recovery
SMON: enabling tx recovery
Sat Nov 22 17:56:20 2014
ARC1: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES
Sat Nov 22 17:56:20 2014
ARC0: Becoming the 'no FAL' ARCH
ARC0: Becoming the 'no SRL' ARCH
Sat Nov 22 17:56:22 2014
Database Characterset is ZHS16CGB231280
replication_dependency_tracking turned off (no async multimaster replication found)
Starting background process QMNC
Sat Nov 22 17:56:33 2014
ARC2: Archival started
ARC1: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES COMPLETE
ARC1: Becoming the heartbeat ARCH
ARC2 started with pid=23, OS id=15928
QMNC started with pid=25, OS id=15996
Sat Nov 22 17:57:11 2014
Completed: alter database open
Sat Nov 22 17:57:18 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/udump/xifenfei_ora_16010.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4511], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Sat Nov 22 17:57:26 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/udump/xifenfei_ora_16012.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4511], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Sat Nov 22 17:58:17 2014
Starting background process EMN0
Sat Nov 22 18:00:03 2014
Shutting down instance: further logons disabled
EMN0 started with pid=71, OS id=16421
Sat Nov 22 18:00:12 2014
SMON: Restarting fast_start parallel rollback
Sat Nov 22 18:00:23 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/bdump/xifenfei_p000_15951.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4198], [9], [], [], [], [], [], []
Sat Nov 22 18:00:24 2014
Stopping background process CJQ0
Sat Nov 22 18:00:24 2014
Stopping background process QMNC
Sat Nov 22 18:00:27 2014
Doing block recovery for file 2 block 41
Block recovery from logseq 7, block 180883 to scn 214748389244
Sat Nov 22 18:00:27 2014
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 8 Seq 7 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0 errs 0: /data2/oradata/redo0802.log
Block recovery stopped at EOT rba 7.180988.16
Block recovery completed at rba 7.180988.16, scn 50.24441
Sat Nov 22 18:00:32 2014
Stopping background process MMNL
Sat Nov 22 18:00:38 2014
Stopping background process MMON
Sat Nov 22 18:00:41 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/bdump/xifenfei_smon_15395.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4137], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Sat Nov 22 18:00:42 2014
ORACLE Instance xifenfei (pid = 9) - Error 600 encountered while recovering transaction (3, 4).
Sat Nov 22 18:00:42 2014
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/xifenfei/bdump/xifenfei_smon_15395.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4137], [], [], [], [], [], [], []

这里都是很常规的错误,查询undo$也已经正常,重建新undo表空间删除老undo,然后alert日志中无其他报错,数据库恢复至此完成,建议客户导出导入重建数据库

发表在 非常规恢复 | 标签为 , , , , , , , , | 一条评论