分类目录归档：数据库

ntfs MFT损坏(ntfs文件系统故障)导致oracle异常恢复

发表于 2024 年 10 月 19 日 由 惜分飞

客户虚拟化环境,由于断电,启动数据库报ORA-01157错误,通过操作系统层面查看,发现文件是存在的,但是dbv检测报不可访问
ora-01157

感觉是文件系统损坏了,尝试把该文件拷贝到其他磁盘
221509
查看操作系统事件,确认是ntfs文件系统的MFT损坏
mft
基于这种情况,通过文件系统恢复工具进行恢复该文件尝试,提示恢复文件大小和实际元数据中记录大小不一致
214712
通过对比实际恢复大小和文件本身大小,发现7811899392-7791460352,几乎等于20M大小（也就是说恢复出来的数据文件少了20M）,通过分析数据库alert日志,确认该系统在前端时间刚好扩展了20M(增加数据文件之时指定了每次扩展20m)

2023-08-11T11:29:21.397236+08:00
ALTER TABLESPACE "HSHIS" ADD DATAFILE
'D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\HIS\HSHIS01.DBF' SIZE 10M AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 20M MAXSIZE 8001M
Completed: ALTER TABLESPACE "HSHIS" ADD DATAFILE
'D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\HIS\HSHIS01.DBF' SIZE 10M AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 20M MAXSIZE 8001M

2024-10-09T00:18:31.058537+08:00
Resize operation completed for file# 66, old size 7608320K, new size 7628800K

通过对该文件底层block分析,确认最终丢失block就是最后20M(直接的数据文件的block的rdba均正确),对于这种故障,通过填补数据文件尾部,欺骗数据库完成该文件的恢复(最后20M中如果写入了业务数据,可能会丢失),做好该文件修复工作之后,尝试打开数据库,结果很不乐观,redo也损坏
recover-error

屏蔽一致性,强制打开库成功

2024-10-18T04:24:43.911107+08:00
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER    CANCEL  
2024-10-18T04:24:47.098637+08:00
Errors in file E:\TRACE\diag\rdbms\his\his\trace\his_pr00_2608.trc:
ORA-01547: 警告: RECOVER 成功但 OPEN RESETLOGS 将出现如下错误
ORA-01194: 文件 1 需要更多的恢复来保持一致性
ORA-01110: 数据文件 1: 'E:\ORADATA\SYSTEM01.DBF'
2024-10-18T04:24:47.114278+08:00
ORA-1547 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER    CANCEL  ...
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER CANCEL 
ORA-1112 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER CANCEL ...
2024-10-18T04:25:03.989398+08:00
alter database open resetlogs
2024-10-18T04:25:05.598781+08:00
RESETLOGS is being done without consistancy checks. This may result
in a corrupted database. The database should be recreated.
RESETLOGS after incomplete recovery UNTIL CHANGE 2666786639 time 
Resetting resetlogs activation ID 3659241623 (0xda1b9897)
2024-10-18T04:25:12.380089+08:00
Setting recovery target incarnation to 3
2024-10-18T04:25:15.052071+08:00
Ping without log force is disabled:
  instance mounted in exclusive mode.
Endian type of dictionary set to little
2024-10-18T04:25:15.458286+08:00
Assigning activation ID 3703362676 (0xdcbcd474)
2024-10-18T04:25:15.505102+08:00
TT00 (PID:4092): Gap Manager starting
2024-10-18T04:25:15.551992+08:00
Redo log for group 1, sequence 1 is not located on DAX storage
2024-10-18T04:25:17.833250+08:00
Thread 1 opened at log sequence 1
  Current log# 1 seq# 1 mem# 0: E:\ORADATA\REDO01.LOG
Successful open of redo thread 1
2024-10-18T04:25:17.848888+08:00
MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set
stopping change tracking
2024-10-18T04:25:22.052035+08:00
Undo initialization recovery: err:0 start: 24275578 end: 24276578 diff: 1000 ms (1.0 seconds)
Undo initialization online undo segments: err:0 start: 24276578 end: 24276593 diff: 15 ms (0.0 seconds)
Undo initialization finished serial:0 start:24275578 end:24276640 diff:1062 ms (1.1 seconds)
Dictionary check beginning
Dictionary check complete
Verifying minimum file header compatibility for tablespace encryption..
Verifying file header compatibility for tablespace encryption completed for pdb 0
2024-10-18T04:25:23.114610+08:00
Database Characterset is AL32UTF8
No Resource Manager plan active
2024-10-18T04:25:29.036475+08:00
replication_dependency_tracking turned off (no async multimaster replication found)
2024-10-18T04:25:32.833386+08:00
LOGSTDBY: Validating controlfile with logical metadata
LOGSTDBY: Validation complete
Starting background process AQPC
2024-10-18T04:25:33.145881+08:00
AQPC started with pid=37, OS id=5560 
2024-10-18T04:25:35.677167+08:00
Starting background process CJQ0
2024-10-18T04:25:35.708430+08:00
CJQ0 started with pid=39, OS id=2728 
2024-10-18T04:25:36.724036+08:00
Completed: alter database open resetlogs

然后导出数据到新库,其中遇到了file# 66号文件最后丢失的20M引起的数据无法正常导出的问题处理（丢弃损坏部分数据,把剩余好的表中数据恢复到新库中）

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.mkp扩展名oracle数据文件加密恢复

发表于 2024 年 10 月 17 日 由 惜分飞

又有客户的oracle数据库文件被勒索,扩展名被加密为:.[tsai.shen@mailfence.com].mkp
[tsai.shen@mailfence.com].mkp

对应的+README-WARNING+.txt文件内容类似:

::: Greetings :::

Little FAQ:

.1. 
Q: Whats Happen?
A: Your files have been encrypted. The file structure was not damaged, we did everything possible so that this could not happen.

.2. 
Q: How to recover files?
A: If you wish to decrypt your files you will need to pay us.

.3. 
Q: What about guarantees?
A: Its just a business. We absolutely do not care about you and your deals, except getting benefits. If we do not do our work and liabilities - nobody will cooperate with us. Its not in our interests.
To check the ability of returning files, you can send to us any 2 files with SIMPLE extensions(jpg,xls,doc, etc... not databases!) and low sizes(max 1 mb), we will decrypt them and send back to you. That is our guarantee.

.4.
Q: How to contact with you?
A: You can write us to our mailboxes: tsai.shen@mailfence.com or nicetomeetyou@onionmail.org

.5.
Q: How will the decryption process proceed after payment?
A: After payment we will send to you our scanner-decoder program and detailed instructions for use. With this program you will be able to decrypt all your encrypted files.

.6.
Q: If I don抰 want to pay bad people like you?
A: If you will not cooperate with our service - for us, its does not matter. But you will lose your time and data, cause only we have the private key. In practice - time is much more valuable than money.



:::BEWARE:::
DON'T try to change encrypted files by yourself! 
If you will try to use any third party software for restoring your data or antivirus solutions - please make a backup for all encrypted files!
Any changes in encrypted files may entail damage of the private key and, as result, the loss all data.

通过分析确认该文件就是头部32个block被破坏,因为oracle数据库中前面32个block是不含业务数据(主要是文件头和位图信息),通过自研的Oracle数据文件加密勒索恢复工具对其进行修复
mkp-recover-tools

重建ctl之后,open数据库查询用户创建时间证明库是直接open成功的
dba_users
根据客户需求截图业务数据
112
类似勒索病毒预防建议：
1. 教育和培训：提高用户的网络安全意识非常重要。通过定期的网络安全培训和教育，向用户传达有关勒索病毒及其传播方式的知识，让他们能够警惕潜在的威胁，并学会如何正确应对可疑的电子邮件、链接和附件。
2. 更新和维护：及时更新操作系统、应用程序和安全软件，以修补已知的漏洞，并确保系统能够及时获取最新的安全补丁。此外，定期进行系统维护和检查，确保系统的安全配置和设置。
3. 备份数据：定期备份重要的数据和文件，并将备份存储在安全的离线或云存储中。确保备份是完整的、可靠的，并且能够及时恢复，以便在发生勒索病毒感染或其他数据丢失事件时能够快速恢复数据。
4. 网络安全工具：使用可信赖的网络安全工具，包括防病毒软件、防火墙、入侵检测系统等，以提高系统的安全性和防护能力。定期对系统进行全面的安全扫描和检测，及时发现并清除潜在的威胁。
5. 访问控制：实施严格的访问控制措施，限制用户对系统和文件的访问权限，避免使用管理员权限进行日常操作，以减少恶意软件感染的风险。此外，定期审查和更新访问控制策略，确保系统安全性得到有效维护。
6. 应急响应计划：制定和实施应急响应计划，明确团队成员的责任和任务，建立应对勒索病毒和其他安全事件的应急响应流程，以最大程度地减少损失并快速恢复业务正常运营。

如果此类的数据库(oracle,mysql,sql server)等被加密,需要专业恢复技术支持，请联系我们:
电话/微信:17813235971    Q Q:107644445QQ咨询惜分飞    E-Mail:dba@xifenfei.com

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清空redo,导致ORA-27048: skgfifi: file header information is invalid

发表于 2024 年 10 月 6 日 由 惜分飞

客户由于空间不足,使用> redo命令清空了oracle的redo文件
redo

数据库挂掉之后,启动报错

Fri Oct 04 10:32:57 2024
alter database open
Beginning crash recovery of 1 threads
 parallel recovery started with 31 processes
Started redo scan
Errors in file /home/oracle/oracle/diag/rdbms/xifenfei/xifenfei/trace/xifenfei_ora_24876.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 3 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 3 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/redo03.log'
ORA-27048: skgfifi: file header information is invalid
Additional information: 13
Aborting crash recovery due to error 313
Errors in file /home/oracle/oracle/diag/rdbms/xifenfei/xifenfei/trace/xifenfei_ora_24876.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 3 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 3 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/redo03.log'
ORA-27048: skgfifi: file header information is invalid
Additional information: 13
Errors in file /home/oracle/oracle/diag/rdbms/xifenfei/xifenfei/trace/xifenfei_ora_24876.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 3 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 3 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/redo03.log'
ORA-27048: skgfifi: file header information is invalid
Additional information: 13
ORA-313 signalled during: alter database open...
Fri Oct 04 10:32:58 2024
Errors in file /home/oracle/oracle/diag/rdbms/xifenfei/xifenfei/trace/xifenfei_m000_29646.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/redo01.log'
ORA-27047: unable to read the header block of file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 25: Inappropriate ioctl for device
Additional information: 1
Errors in file /home/oracle/oracle/diag/rdbms/xifenfei/xifenfei/trace/xifenfei_m000_29646.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 2 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 2 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/redo02.log'
ORA-27047: unable to read the header block of file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 25: Inappropriate ioctl for device
Additional information: 1
Errors in file /home/oracle/oracle/diag/rdbms/xifenfei/xifenfei/trace/xifenfei_m000_29646.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 3 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 3 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/redo03.log'
ORA-27048: skgfifi: file header information is invalid
Additional information: 11
Checker run found 6 new persistent data failures
Fri Oct 04 10:47:32 2024
db_recovery_file_dest_size of 4182 MB is 0.00% used. This is a
user-specified limit on the amount of space that will be used by this
database for recovery-related files, and does not reflect the amount of
space available in the underlying filesystem or ASM diskgroup.

这种情况下,所有redo全部被清空(包含current,active的redo),只能强制拉库,运气不错,拉库成功.

Sun Oct 06 10:09:01 2024
alter database open resetlogs
RESETLOGS is being done without consistancy checks. This may result
in a corrupted database. The database should be recreated.
RESETLOGS after incomplete recovery UNTIL CHANGE 25668466513
Resetting resetlogs activation ID 4222555315 (0xfbaf14b3)
Sun Oct 06 10:09:10 2024
Setting recovery target incarnation to 3
Sun Oct 06 10:09:10 2024
Assigning activation ID 79943739 (0x4c3d83b)
Thread 1 opened at log sequence 1
  Current log# 1 seq# 1 mem# 0: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/redo01.log
Successful open of redo thread 1
MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set
Sun Oct 06 10:09:11 2024
SMON: enabling cache recovery
Undo initialization finished serial:0 start:70198684 end:70198794 diff:110 (1 seconds)
Dictionary check beginning
Dictionary check complete
Verifying file header compatibility for 11g tablespace encryption..
Verifying 11g file header compatibility for tablespace encryption completed
SMON: enabling tx recovery
Database Characterset is AL32UTF8
No Resource Manager plan active
Sun Oct 06 10:09:12 2024
replication_dependency_tracking turned off (no async multimaster replication found)
Starting background process QMNC
Sun Oct 06 10:09:13 2024
QMNC started with pid=23, OS id=4328 
LOGSTDBY: Validating controlfile with logical metadata
LOGSTDBY: Validation complete
Sun Oct 06 10:09:16 2024
db_recovery_file_dest_size of 4182 MB is 0.00% used. This is a
user-specified limit on the amount of space that will be used by this
database for recovery-related files, and does not reflect the amount of
space available in the underlying filesystem or ASM diskgroup.
Sun Oct 06 10:09:16 2024
Starting background process CJQ0
Sun Oct 06 10:09:16 2024
CJQ0 started with pid=25, OS id=4413 
Completed: alter database open resetlogs
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