ORA-15042: ASM disk “N” is missing from group number “M” 故障恢复

发表于 2015 年 10 月 8 日 由 惜分飞

接到一个朋友恢复请求,19个lun的asm 磁盘组，由于其中一个lun有问题，他们进行了增加一个新lun，删除老lun的方法操作,但是操作一半hang住了(因为坏的lun是底层损坏，无法完成rebalance),然后存储工程师继续修复异常lun，非常幸运异常lun修复好了，但是高兴过了头，直接从存储上删除了新加入的lun(已经rebalance一部分数据进去了)，这个时候asm dg彻底趴下了，不能mount成功，请求恢复支持。由于某种原因，无法从lun层面恢复，只能让我们提供数据库层面恢复

Mon Sep 21 19:52:35 2015
SQL> alter diskgroup  dg_XFF add disk '/dev/rhdisk116' size 716800M drop disk dg_XFF_0012 
NOTE: Assigning number (1,20) to disk (/dev/rhdisk116)
NOTE: requesting all-instance membership refresh for group=1
NOTE: initializing header on grp 1 disk DG_XFF_0020
NOTE: requesting all-instance disk validation for group=1
Mon Sep 21 19:52:44 2015
NOTE: skipping rediscovery for group 1/0xb94738f1 (DG_XFF) on local instance.
NOTE: requesting all-instance disk validation for group=1
NOTE: skipping rediscovery for group 1/0xb94738f1 (DG_XFF) on local instance.
NOTE: initiating PST update: grp = 1
Mon Sep 21 19:52:44 2015
GMON updating group 1 at 25 for pid 27, osid 12124486
NOTE: PST update grp = 1 completed successfully 
NOTE: membership refresh pending for group 1/0xb94738f1 (DG_XFF)
GMON querying group 1 at 26 for pid 18, osid 10092734
NOTE: cache opening disk 20 of grp 1: DG_XFF_0020 path:/dev/rhdisk116
GMON querying group 1 at 27 for pid 18, osid 10092734
SUCCESS: refreshed membership for 1/0xb94738f1 (DG_XFF)
Mon Sep 21 19:52:47 2015
SUCCESS: alter diskgroup  dg_XFF add disk '/dev/rhdisk116' size 716800M drop disk dg_XFF_0012
NOTE: starting rebalance of group 1/0xb94738f1 (DG_XFF) at power 1
Starting background process ARB0
Mon Sep 21 19:52:47 2015
ARB0 started with pid=28, OS id=10944804 
NOTE: assigning ARB0 to group 1/0xb94738f1 (DG_XFF) with 1 parallel I/O
NOTE: Attempting voting file refresh on diskgroup DG_XFF
Mon Sep 21 20:35:06 2015

SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP DG_XFF MOUNT  /* asm agent *//* {1:51107:7083} */ 
NOTE: cache registered group DG_XFF number=1 incarn=0xdd6f975a
NOTE: cache began mount (first) of group DG_XFF number=1 incarn=0xdd6f975a
NOTE: Assigning number (1,0) to disk (/dev/rhdisk10)
NOTE: Assigning number (1,1) to disk (/dev/rhdisk11)
NOTE: Assigning number (1,2) to disk (/dev/rhdisk16)
NOTE: Assigning number (1,3) to disk (/dev/rhdisk17)
NOTE: Assigning number (1,4) to disk (/dev/rhdisk22)
NOTE: Assigning number (1,5) to disk (/dev/rhdisk23)
NOTE: Assigning number (1,6) to disk (/dev/rhdisk28)
NOTE: Assigning number (1,7) to disk (/dev/rhdisk29)
NOTE: Assigning number (1,8) to disk (/dev/rhdisk33)
NOTE: Assigning number (1,9) to disk (/dev/rhdisk34)
NOTE: Assigning number (1,10) to disk (/dev/rhdisk4)
NOTE: Assigning number (1,11) to disk (/dev/rhdisk40)
NOTE: Assigning number (1,12) to disk (/dev/rhdisk41)
NOTE: Assigning number (1,13) to disk (/dev/rhdisk45)
NOTE: Assigning number (1,14) to disk (/dev/rhdisk46)
NOTE: Assigning number (1,15) to disk (/dev/rhdisk5)
NOTE: Assigning number (1,16) to disk (/dev/rhdisk52)
NOTE: Assigning number (1,17) to disk (/dev/rhdisk53)
NOTE: Assigning number (1,18) to disk (/dev/rhdisk57)
NOTE: Assigning number (1,19) to disk (/dev/rhdisk58)
Wed Sep 30 11:08:07 2015
NOTE: start heartbeating (grp 1)
GMON querying group 1 at 33 for pid 35, osid 4194488
NOTE: Assigning number (1,20) to disk ()
GMON querying group 1 at 34 for pid 35, osid 4194488
NOTE: cache dismounting (clean) group 1/0xDD6F975A (DG_XFF) 
NOTE: dbwr not being msg'd to dismount
NOTE: lgwr not being msg'd to dismount
NOTE: cache dismounted group 1/0xDD6F975A (DG_XFF) 
NOTE: cache ending mount (fail) of group DG_XFF number=1 incarn=0xdd6f975a
NOTE: cache deleting context for group DG_XFF 1/0xdd6f975a
GMON dismounting group 1 at 35 for pid 35, osid 4194488
NOTE: Disk  in mode 0x8 marked for de-assignment
NOTE: Disk  in mode 0x8 marked for de-assignment
NOTE: Disk  in mode 0x8 marked for de-assignment
NOTE: Disk  in mode 0x8 marked for de-assignment
NOTE: Disk  in mode 0x8 marked for de-assignment
NOTE: Disk  in mode 0x8 marked for de-assignment
NOTE: Disk  in mode 0x8 marked for de-assignment
NOTE: Disk  in mode 0x8 marked for de-assignment
NOTE: Disk  in mode 0x8 marked for de-assignment
NOTE: Disk  in mode 0x8 marked for de-assignment
NOTE: Disk  in mode 0x8 marked for de-assignment
NOTE: Disk  in mode 0x8 marked for de-assignment
NOTE: Disk  in mode 0x8 marked for de-assignment
NOTE: Disk  in mode 0x8 marked for de-assignment
NOTE: Disk  in mode 0x8 marked for de-assignment
NOTE: Disk  in mode 0x8 marked for de-assignment
NOTE: Disk  in mode 0x8 marked for de-assignment
NOTE: Disk  in mode 0x8 marked for de-assignment
NOTE: Disk  in mode 0x8 marked for de-assignment
NOTE: Disk  in mode 0x8 marked for de-assignment
NOTE: Disk  in mode 0x8 marked for de-assignment
ERROR: diskgroup DG_XFF was not mounted
ORA-15032: not all alterations performed
ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplete
ORA-15042: ASM disk "20" is missing from group number "1" 
ERROR: ALTER DISKGROUP DG_XFF MOUNT  /* asm agent *//* {1:51107:7083} */

这里比较明显，由于存储工程师直接删除了lun，这里导致磁盘组DG_XFF丢失asm disk 20，使得磁盘组无法直接mount，由于该磁盘组已经进行了较长时间的rebalance，丢失的盘中已经有大量数据（包括元数据），因此就算修改pst让磁盘组mount起来(不一定成功)，也会丢失大量数据，也不一定可以直接拿出来里面的数据，如果只是加入盘，但是由于某种原因没有做rebalance，那我们直接可以通过修改pst,使得磁盘组mount起来。因此对于这样的情况，我们能够做的，只能从底层扫描磁盘，生成数据文件(因为有部分文件的元数据在丢失lun之上，如果直接使用现存元数据信息，直接拷贝，或者unload数据都会丢失大量数据），然后再进一步unload数据，完成恢复。需要恢复磁盘信息

grp# dsk# bsize ausize disksize diskname        groupname       path
---- ---- ----- ------ -------- --------------- --------------- -------------
   1    0  4096  4096K   179200 DG_XFF_0000     DG_XFF          /dev/rhdisk10
   1    1  4096  4096K   179200 DG_XFF_0001     DG_XFF          /dev/rhdisk11
   1    2  4096  4096K   179200 DG_XFF_0002     DG_XFF          /dev/rhdisk16
   1    3  4096  4096K   179200 DG_XFF_0003     DG_XFF          /dev/rhdisk17
   1    4  4096  4096K   179200 DG_XFF_0004     DG_XFF          /dev/rhdisk22
   1    5  4096  4096K   179200 DG_XFF_0005     DG_XFF          /dev/rhdisk23
   1    6  4096  4096K   179200 DG_XFF_0006     DG_XFF          /dev/rhdisk28
   1    7  4096  4096K   179200 DG_XFF_0007     DG_XFF          /dev/rhdisk29
   1    8  4096  4096K   179200 DG_XFF_0008     DG_XFF          /dev/rhdisk33
   1    9  4096  4096K   179200 DG_XFF_0009     DG_XFF          /dev/rhdisk34
   1   10  4096  4096K   179200 DG_XFF_0010     DG_XFF          /dev/rhdisk4
   1   11  4096  4096K   179200 DG_XFF_0011     DG_XFF          /dev/rhdisk40
   1   12  4096  4096K   179200 DG_XFF_0012     DG_XFF          /dev/rhdisk41
   1   13  4096  4096K   179200 DG_XFF_0013     DG_XFF          /dev/rhdisk45
   1   14  4096  4096K   179200 DG_XFF_0014     DG_XFF          /dev/rhdisk46
   1   15  4096  4096K   179200 DG_XFF_0015     DG_XFF          /dev/rhdisk5
   1   16  4096  4096K   179200 DG_XFF_0016     DG_XFF          /dev/rhdisk52
   1   17  4096  4096K   179200 DG_XFF_0017     DG_XFF          /dev/rhdisk53
   1   18  4096  4096K   179200 DG_XFF_0018     DG_XFF          /dev/rhdisk57
   1   19  4096  4096K   179200 DG_XFF_0019     DG_XFF          /dev/rhdisk58

这次运气比较好，丢失的磁盘组只是一个业务磁盘组，而且里面只有19个表空间，10个分区表，因此在数据字典完成的情况下，恢复10个分区表(一共6443个分区)的数据，整体恢复效果如下:
RECOVER

从整体数据量看恢复比例为：6003.26953/6027.26935*100%=99.6018127%,对于丢失了一个已经rebalance的大部分的lun，依旧能够恢复如此的数据，整体看非常理想.
如果您遇到此类情况,无法解决请联系我们，提供专业ORACLE数据库恢复技术支持
Phone:17813235971    Q Q:107644445QQ咨询惜分飞    E-Mail:dba@xifenfei.com

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12C sysaux 异常恢复—ORA-01190错误恢复

发表于 2015 年 10 月 4 日 由 惜分飞

有朋友请求支援，他们数据库由于file 3 大量坏块，然后直接使用rman 备份还原了file 3，但是在recover过程中发现归档丢失，而且整个库在丢失归档的scn之后，还做过resetlogs操作，导致现在整个库无法正常启动，报ORA-01190错误，希望帮忙把file 3 给online起来，整个库正常open【当然在丢失sysaux的情况下，数据库可以open起来，但是这种情况下，迁移数据比较麻烦】

SQL> startup;
ORACLE 例程已经启动。

Total System Global Area 3.1868E+10 bytes
Fixed Size                  3601144 bytes
Variable Size            2.8655E+10 bytes
Database Buffers         3154116608 bytes
Redo Buffers               54804480 bytes
数据库装载完毕。
ORA-01190: 控制文件或数据文件 3 来自最后一个 RESETLOGS 之前
ORA-01110: 数据文件 3: 'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSAUX01.DBF'

Oracle Database Recovery Check Result结果显示[脚本]
wrong+resetlogs

尝试不完全恢复并使用隐含参数打开库

Fri Oct 02 19:10:12 2015
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  database until cancel  
Fri Oct 02 19:10:12 2015
Media Recovery Start
 Started logmerger process
Fri Oct 02 19:10:12 2015
Media Recovery failed with error 16433
Fri Oct 02 19:10:14 2015
Recovery Slave PR00 previously exited with exception 283
ORA-283 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  database until cancel  ...
Fri Oct 02 19:10:37 2015
Errors in file E:\APP\ORAADM\diag\rdbms\orcl\oaorcl\trace\oaorcl_m000_5176.trc:
ORA-16433: The database or pluggable database must be opened in read/write mode.
Fri Oct 02 19:10:37 2015
Errors in file E:\APP\ORAADM\diag\rdbms\orcl\oaorcl\trace\oaorcl_m000_5176.trc:
ORA-16433: The database or pluggable database must be opened in read/write mode.
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  database until cancel  
Fri Oct 02 19:11:18 2015
Media Recovery Start
 Started logmerger process
Fri Oct 02 19:11:18 2015
Media Recovery failed with error 16433
Fri Oct 02 19:11:19 2015
Recovery Slave PR00 previously exited with exception 283
ORA-283 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  database until cancel  ...
alter database open resetlogs
ORA-1139 signalled during: alter database open resetlogs...
alter database open
Fri Oct 02 19:11:49 2015
Errors in file E:\APP\ORAADM\diag\rdbms\orcl\oaorcl\trace\oaorcl_ora_4252.trc:
ORA-01190: 控制文件或数据文件 3 来自最后一个 RESETLOGS 之前
ORA-01110: 数据文件 3: 'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSAUX01.DBF'
ORA-1190 signalled during: alter database open...
Fri Oct 02 19:15:38 2015
Errors in file E:\APP\ORAADM\diag\rdbms\orcl\oaorcl\trace\oaorcl_m000_5292.trc:
ORA-16433: The database or pluggable database must be opened in read/write mode.
Fri Oct 02 19:15:38 2015
Errors in file E:\APP\ORAADM\diag\rdbms\orcl\oaorcl\trace\oaorcl_m000_5292.trc:
ORA-16433: The database or pluggable database must be opened in read/write mode.
Fri Oct 02 19:20:39 2015
Errors in file E:\APP\ORAADM\diag\rdbms\orcl\oaorcl\trace\oaorcl_m000_2276.trc:
ORA-16433: The database or pluggable database must be opened in read/write mode.
Fri Oct 02 19:20:39 2015
Errors in file E:\APP\ORAADM\diag\rdbms\orcl\oaorcl\trace\oaorcl_m000_2276.trc:
ORA-16433: The database or pluggable database must be opened in read/write mode.
Fri Oct 02 19:25:40 2015
Errors in file E:\APP\ORAADM\diag\rdbms\orcl\oaorcl\trace\oaorcl_m000_4804.trc:
ORA-16433: The database or pluggable database must be opened in read/write mode.
Fri Oct 02 19:25:40 2015
Errors in file E:\APP\ORAADM\diag\rdbms\orcl\oaorcl\trace\oaorcl_m000_4804.trc:
ORA-16433: The database or pluggable database must be opened in read/write mode.
Fri Oct 02 19:30:41 2015
Errors in file E:\APP\ORAADM\diag\rdbms\orcl\oaorcl\trace\oaorcl_m000_876.trc:
ORA-16433: The database or pluggable database must be opened in read/write mode.
Fri Oct 02 19:30:41 2015
Errors in file E:\APP\ORAADM\diag\rdbms\orcl\oaorcl\trace\oaorcl_m000_876.trc:
ORA-16433: The database or pluggable database must be opened in read/write mode.
Fri Oct 02 19:32:40 2015
Shutting down instance (abort)

数据库遭遇ORA-16433,此类方法无法打开数据库，根据经验值出现此类问题，可能需要重建控制文件，但是由于其中file 3的resetlogs scn不正确，无法包含该文件重建控制文件

Fri Oct 02 20:10:55 2015
WARNING: Default Temporary Tablespace not specified in CREATE DATABASE command
Default Temporary Tablespace will be necessary for a locally managed database in future release
Fri Oct 02 20:10:55 2015
Errors in file E:\APP\ORAADM\diag\rdbms\orcl\oaorcl\trace\oaorcl_ora_5004.trc:
ORA-01189: ????????????? RESETLOGS
ORA-01110: ???? 3: 'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSAUX01.DBF'
ORA-1503 signalled during:  CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "orcl" RESETLOGS FORCE LOGGING ARCHIVELOG
     MAXLOGFILES 16
     MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
     MAXDATAFILES 100
     MAXINSTANCES 8
     MAXLOGHISTORY 2921
 LOGFILE
 GROUP 3 'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO03.LOG' size 50M,
 GROUP 2 'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO02.LOG'  size 50M,
 GROUP 1 'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO01.LOG'  size 50M
 DATAFILE
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSTEM01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\PDBSEED\SYSTEM01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSAUX01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\PDBSEED\SYSAUX01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\UNDOTBS01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\USERS01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\PDBORCL\SYSTEM01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\PDBORCL\SYSAUX01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\PDBORCL\SAMPLE_SCHEMA_USERS01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\PDBORCL\EXAMPLE01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\V3XSPACE.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\NMSA_BACKUP01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\V3XSPACE1.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\V3XSPACE01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\V3XSPACE02.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\V3XSPACE03.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\V3XSPACE04.DBF'
 CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
 ...

除掉file 3 继续重建控制文件

Fri Oct 02 20:33:11 2015
Successful mount of redo thread 1, with mount id 1419796614
Completed:  CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "orcl" RESETLOGS FORCE LOGGING ARCHIVELOG
     MAXLOGFILES 16
     MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
     MAXDATAFILES 100
     MAXINSTANCES 8
     MAXLOGHISTORY 2921
 LOGFILE
 GROUP 3 'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO03.LOG' size 50M,
 GROUP 2 'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO02.LOG'  size 50M,
 GROUP 1 'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO01.LOG'  size 50M
 DATAFILE
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSTEM01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\PDBSEED\SYSTEM01.DBF',
--'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSAUX01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\PDBSEED\SYSAUX01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\UNDOTBS01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\USERS01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\PDBORCL\SYSTEM01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\PDBORCL\SYSAUX01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\PDBORCL\SAMPLE_SCHEMA_USERS01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\PDBORCL\EXAMPLE01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\V3XSPACE.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\NMSA_BACKUP01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\V3XSPACE1.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\V3XSPACE01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\V3XSPACE02.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\V3XSPACE03.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\V3XSPACE04.DBF'
 CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8

继续恢复数据库

ALTER DATABASE OPEN
Fri Oct 02 20:34:57 2015
…………
Archived Log entry 3 added for thread 1 sequence 8 ID 0x54a083a3 dest 1:
Fri Oct 02 20:35:16 2015
Tablespace 'SYSAUX' #1 found in data dictionary,
but not in the controlfile. Adding to controlfile.
Tablespace 'TEMP' #3 found in data dictionary,
but not in the controlfile. Adding to controlfile.
File #3 found in data dictionary but not in controlfile.
Creating OFFLINE file 'MISSING00003' in the controlfile.
Corrected file 15 plugged in read-only status in control file
Corrected file 16 plugged in read-only status in control file
Corrected file 17 plugged in read-only status in control file
Corrected file 18 plugged in read-only status in control file
Corrected file 19 plugged in read-only status in control file
Dictionary check complete
Verifying file header compatibility for 11g tablespace encryption..
Verifying 11g file header compatibility for tablespace encryption completed
Fri Oct 02 20:35:19 2015
SMON: enabling tx recovery
Fri Oct 02 20:35:19 2015
*********************************************************************
WARNING: The following temporary tablespaces in container(CDB$ROOT)
         contain no files.
Starting background process SMCO
Fri Oct 02 20:35:19 2015
SMCO started with pid=45, OS id=1500 
         This condition can occur when a backup controlfile has
         been restored.  It may be necessary to add files to these
         tablespaces.  That can be done using the SQL statement:
 
         ALTER TABLESPACE <tablespace_name> ADD TEMPFILE
 
         Alternatively, if these temporary tablespaces are no longer
         needed, then they can be dropped.
           Empty temporary tablespace: TEMP
*********************************************************************
Database Characterset is AL32UTF8
No Resource Manager plan active
Fri Oct 02 20:35:21 2015
Errors in file E:\APP\ORAADM\diag\rdbms\orcl\oaorcl\trace\oaorcl_ora_2220.trc:
ORA-00376: 此时无法读取文件 3
ORA-01111: 数据文件 3 名称未知 - 请重命名以更正文件
ORA-01110: 数据文件 3: 'C:\APP\ORAADM\PRODUCT\12.1.0\DBHOME_1\DATABASE\MISSING00003'
Fri Oct 02 20:35:21 2015
Errors in file E:\APP\ORAADM\diag\rdbms\orcl\oaorcl\trace\oaorcl_ora_2220.trc:
ORA-00376: 此时无法读取文件 3
ORA-01111: 数据文件 3 名称未知 - 请重命名以更正文件
ORA-01110: 数据文件 3: 'C:\APP\ORAADM\PRODUCT\12.1.0\DBHOME_1\DATABASE\MISSING00003'
Error 376 happened during db open, shutting down database
USER (ospid: 2220): terminating the instance due to error 376
Fri Oct 02 20:35:26 2015
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 2220
ORA-1092 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE OPEN...
opiodr aborting process unknown ospid (2220) as a result of ORA-1092

此时由于file 3 未包含在控制文件中，但是存在数据字典中，因此在数据库open的时候出现了默认文件名MISSING0003，尝试重命名改文件指定为存在的file 3,并且尝试恢复

SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE 例程已经启动。

Total System Global Area 3.1868E+10 bytes
Fixed Size                  3601144 bytes
Variable Size            2.8655E+10 bytes
Database Buffers         3154116608 bytes
Redo Buffers               54804480 bytes
数据库装载完毕。
SQL> alter database datafile 3 offline;

数据库已更改。

SQL> alter database rename file 'C:\APP\ORAADM\PRODUCT\12.1.0\DBHOME_1\DATABASE\
MISSING00003' to 'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSAUX01.DBF';

数据库已更改。

SQL> recover database until cancel;
ORA-00279: 更改 617412726 (在 10/02/2015 20:35:06 生成) 对于线程 1 是必需的
ORA-00289: 建议:
E:\APP\ORAADM\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\ORCL\ARCHIVELOG\2015_10_02\O1_MF_1_9_%U_.ARC
ORA-00280: 更改 617412726 (用于线程 1) 在序列 #9 中


指定日志: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO01.LOG
ORA-00310: archived log contains sequence 7; sequence 9 required
ORA-00334: archived log: 'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO01.LOG'


ORA-01547: warning: RECOVER succeeded but OPEN RESETLOGS would get error below
ORA-01194: file 1 needs more recovery to be consistent
ORA-01110: data file 1: 'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSTEM01.DBF'


SQL> recover database until cancel;
ORA-00279: 更改 617412726 (在 10/02/2015 20:35:06 生成) 对于线程 1 是必需的
ORA-00289: 建议:
E:\APP\ORAADM\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\ORCL\ARCHIVELOG\2015_10_02\O1_MF_1_9_%U_.ARC
ORA-00280: 更改 617412726 (用于线程 1) 在序列 #9 中


指定日志: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO03.LOG
已应用的日志。
完成介质恢复。
SQL> alter database datafile 3 online;

数据库已更改。

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
alter database open resetlogs
*
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-01122: 数据库文件 3 验证失败
ORA-01110: 数据文件 3: 'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSAUX01.DBF'
ORA-01202: 此文件的原型错误 - 创建时间错误

这里比较明显ORA-01202，由于创建控制文件之时没有file 3信息，因此导致控制文件中关于file 3的信息和该文件头的创建时间不一致（此处之时显示了时间不一致，如果通过bbed修改时间，后续可能还有很多东西不一致，因此通过bbed 一个个修改一个个尝试，理论可行，但实际可操作性不好）,因此尝试直接使用bbed修改file 3文件头（由于是win环境，操作稍微麻烦点），把resetlogs信息修改和其他的一样

BBED> m /x 3c6b2b35
 File: SYSAUX01.dbf (3)
 Block: 2                Offsets:  112 to  143           Dba:0x00c00002
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 3c6b2b35 386b2200 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00004000 bb460000 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> set offset 116
        OFFSET          116

BBED> m /x 3137ca24
 File: SYSAUX01.dbf (3)
 Block: 2                Offsets:  116 to  147           Dba:0x00c00002
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 3137ca24 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00004000 bb460000 7dc12b35 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> m /x b9f8
 File: SYSAUX01.dbf (3)
 Block: 2                Offsets:  484 to  515           Dba:0x00c00002
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 b9f8a424 00000000 e65e2435 01000000 d3410000 b89b0000 10000900 02000000 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> set offset +2
        OFFSET          486

BBED> m /x cc24
 File: SYSAUX01.dbf (3)
 Block: 2                Offsets:  486 to  517           Dba:0x00c00002
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 cc240000 0000e65e 24350100 0000d341 0000b89b 00001000 09000200 00000000 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> m /x 87df offset 492
 File: SYSAUX01.dbf (3)
 Block: 2                Offsets:  492 to  523           Dba:0x00c00002
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 87df2435 01000000 d3410000 b89b0000 10000900 02000000 00000000 00000000 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> 
BBED> m /x 2b35 offset +2
 File: SYSAUX01.dbf (3)
 Block: 2                Offsets:  494 to  525           Dba:0x00c00002
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 2b350100 0000d341 0000b89b 00001000 09000200 00000000 00000000 00000000 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> d offset 140
 File: SYSAUX01.dbf (3)
 Block: 2                Offsets:  140 to  171           Dba:0x00c00002
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 bb460000 7dc12b35 ba460000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> m /x 4248
 File: SYSAUX01.dbf (3)
 Block: 2                Offsets:  140 to  171           Dba:0x00c00002
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 42480000 7dc12b35 ba460000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> d offset 148
 File: SYSAUX01.dbf (3)
 Block: 2                Offsets:  148 to  179           Dba:0x00c00002
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 ba460000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> m /x 4148
 File: SYSAUX01.dbf (3)
 Block: 2                Offsets:  148 to  179           Dba:0x00c00002
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 41480000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 3, Block 2:
current = 0xd0c8, required = 0xd0c8

BBED> verify
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = SYSAUX01.dbf
BLOCK = 1


DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Blocks Examined         : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty            : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt   : 0
Total Blocks Influx           : 0
Message 531 not found;  product=RDBMS; facility=BBED

修改完file 3的文件头之后，再次重建控制文件,此次包含file 3

Fri Oct 02 21:19:58 2015
Successful mount of redo thread 1, with mount id 1419797885
Completed:  CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "orcl" NORESETLOGS FORCE LOGGING ARCHIVELOG
     MAXLOGFILES 16
     MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
     MAXDATAFILES 100
     MAXINSTANCES 8
     MAXLOGHISTORY 2921
 LOGFILE
 GROUP 3 'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO03.LOG' size 50M,
 GROUP 2 'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO02.LOG'  size 50M,
 GROUP 1 'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\REDO01.LOG'  size 50M
 DATAFILE
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSTEM01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\PDBSEED\SYSTEM01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSAUX01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\PDBSEED\SYSAUX01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\UNDOTBS01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\USERS01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\PDBORCL\SYSTEM01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\PDBORCL\SYSAUX01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\PDBORCL\SAMPLE_SCHEMA_USERS01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\PDBORCL\EXAMPLE01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\V3XSPACE.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\NMSA_BACKUP01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\V3XSPACE1.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\V3XSPACE01.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\V3XSPACE02.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\V3XSPACE03.DBF',
'E:\APP\ORAADM\ORADATA\ORCL\V3XSPACE04.DBF'
 CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8

继续恢复数据库,数据库正常open，而且file 3 已经正常online，数据库可以直接导出来，至此恢复大体完成

发表在 非常规恢复 | 标签为 , , , , , | 评论关闭

ORA-01122 ORA-01210 故障恢复

发表于 2015 年 9 月 29 日 由 惜分飞

有朋友数据文件头出现错误ORA-01122和ORA-01210等错误，数据库无法正常open。
ORA-01210

因为平台是win，他们找我咨询win bbed,因为回老家电脑没有带,无法提供win的bbed.我通过dd部分文件头,然后在linux平台分析发现是该文件的文件头block大量坏块

bbed分析坏块情况

BBED> show all
        FILE#           0
        BLOCK#          1
        OFFSET          0
        DBA             0x00000000 (0 0,1)
        FILENAME        /tmp/30.dbf
        BIFILE          bifile.bbd
        LISTFILE       
        BLOCKSIZE       8192
        MODE            Browse
        EDIT            Unrecoverable
        IBASE           Dec
        OBASE           Dec
        WIDTH           80
        COUNT           512
        LOGFILE         log.bbd
        SPOOL           No

BBED> set count 64
        COUNT           64

BBED> map
 File: /tmp/30.dbf (0)
 Block: 1                                     Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------
BBED-00400: invalid blocktype (27)


BBED> d
 File: /tmp/30.dbf (0)
 Block: 1                Offsets:    0 to   63           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1ba20000 03004400 bffd8a1d 0000000c acba0000 008f4500 00003455 fc020000 
 02040000 00000000 00008001 04000000 00000000 00000000 949400b4 94514005 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> set block +1
        BLOCK#          2

BBED> map
 File: /tmp/30.dbf (0)
 Block: 2                                     Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------
BBED-00400: invalid blocktype (27)


BBED> d
 File: /tmp/30.dbf (0)
 Block: 2                Offsets:    0 to   63           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1ba20000 04004400 bffd8a1d 0000000c a6e00000 008f4500 00003455 fc020000 
 0204e81f 00000000 0000241e 05000000 00000000 00000000 11fc297f b426fe2b 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> set block +1
        BLOCK#          3

BBED> d
 File: /tmp/30.dbf (0)
 Block: 3                Offsets:    0 to   63           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1ba20000 05004400 bffd8a1d 0000000c 780a0000 008f4500 00003455 fc020000 
 0204e81f 00000000 0000c001 06000000 00000000 00000000 2969a0d2 d30168a2 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> set block +1
        BLOCK#          4

BBED> d
 File: /tmp/30.dbf (0)
 Block: 4                Offsets:    0 to   63           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1ba20000 06004400 bffd8a1d 0000000c 6c5a0000 008f4500 00003455 fc020000 
 0204e81f 00000000 0000f81d 07000000 00000000 00000000 7b51d409 6dc7ca4d 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> set block +1
        BLOCK#          5

BBED> d
 File: /tmp/30.dbf (0)
 Block: 5                Offsets:    0 to   63           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1ba20000 07004400 bffd8a1d 0000000c c5600000 008f4500 00003455 fc020000 
 02040000 00000000 0000c001 08000000 00000000 00000000 14514005 25145200 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> set block +1
        BLOCK#          6

BBED> d
 File: /tmp/30.dbf (0)
 Block: 6                Offsets:    0 to   63           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1ba20000 08004400 bffd8a1d 0000000c 60480000 008f4500 00003455 fc020000 
 0204e81f 00000000 0000c301 09000000 00000000 00000000 c2a1606a 7615130a 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> set block +1
        BLOCK#          7

BBED> d
 File: /tmp/30.dbf (0)
 Block: 7                Offsets:    0 to   63           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1ba20000 09004400 bffd8a1d 0000000c e3430000 008f4500 00003455 fc020000 
 0204e81f 00000000 00000002 0a000000 00000000 00000000 00a28a28 00a28a28 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> set block +1
        BLOCK#          8

BBED> d
 File: /tmp/30.dbf (0)
 Block: 8                Offsets:    0 to   63           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1ba20000 0a004400 07fe8a1d 0000000c fc000000 008f4500 00003455 fc020000 
 0205e81f 00000000 0000f41d 00000000 00000000 00000000 ffd8ffe0 00104a46 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> set block +1
        BLOCK#          9

BBED> d
 File: /tmp/30.dbf (0)
 Block: 9                Offsets:    0 to   63           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1ba20000 0b004400 07fe8a1d 0000000c 48da0000 008f4500 00003455 fc020000 
 0205e81f 00000000 0000c601 01000000 00000000 00000000 b47d69d3 7fa96a6f 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> set block +1
        BLOCK#          10

BBED> d
 File: /tmp/30.dbf (0)
 Block: 10               Offsets:    0 to   63           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1ba20000 0c004400 07fe8a1d 0000000c be0f0000 008f4500 00003455 fc020000 
 0205e81f 00000000 0000181d 02000000 00000000 00000000 9de3e868 4782d83a 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> set block +1
        BLOCK#          11

BBED> d
 File: /tmp/30.dbf (0)
 Block: 11               Offsets:    0 to   63           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1ba20000 0d004400 07fe8a1d 0000000c 9cd00000 008f4500 00003455 fc020000 
 0205e81f 00000000 0000241e 03000000 00000000 00000000 dead1259 5919e385 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> set block +1
        BLOCK#          12

BBED> d
 File: /tmp/30.dbf (0)
 Block: 12               Offsets:    0 to   63           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1ba20000 0e004400 07fe8a1d 0000000c df450000 008f4500 00003455 fc020000 
 0205e81f 00000000 00004001 04000000 00000000 00000000 31d9a292 9698828a 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> set block +1
        BLOCK#          13

BBED> d
 File: /tmp/30.dbf (0)
 Block: 13               Offsets:    0 to   63           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1ba20000 0f004400 07fe8a1d 0000000c 18790000 008f4500 00003455 fc020000 
 02050000 00000000 00000002 05000000 00000000 00000000 b93f8235 5ea063b7 

 <32 bytes per line>

拿block 1的rdba(04004400–倒序存储)分析[win文件拷贝到linux后使用bbed查看相差1 block]可以的出来block信息为file=1, block=262148,明显错误.

通过dul分析文件头损坏情况

Data UnLoader: 10.2.0.6.9 - Internal Only - on Tue Sep 29 22:15:22 2015
with 64-bit io functions

Copyright (c) 1994 2015 Bernard van Duijnen All rights reserved.

 Strictly Oracle Internal Use Only


DUL: Warning: Recreating file "dul.log"
Reading SCANNEDLOBPAGE.dat 1204 entries loaded and sorted 1204 entries
Reading SEG.dat 0 entries loaded
Reading EXT.dat 44 entries loaded and sorted 44 entries
Reading COMPATSEG.dat 0 entries loaded

DUL: Warning: Wrong DBA  0X00440004 (file=1, block=262148) (Ignored)
DUL: Error: While processing file# 30 block# 1
DUL: Warning: Found mismatch while checking file E:\TEMP\shebao\30.dbf
DUL: Warning: DUL osd_parameter or control.dul configuration error
DUL: Warning: Given file number(30) in control file does not match file# in dba(1)
DUL: Warning: Wrong DBA  0X00440004 (file=1, block=262148) (Ignored)
DUL: Error: While processing file# 30 block# 1
DUL>

通过bbed和dul证明文件头大量损坏,而且尚未有任何该文件的物理备份,因此恢复起来难道较大。

分析Oracle Database Recovery Check Result
通过对Oracle数据库异常恢复检查脚本(Oracle Database Recovery Check)的分析结果,我们意外的发现,人品不错，发现异常的文件创建时间为2015-09-26 19:39:33，进一步和客户沟通，这个文件存储为图片，少量丢失可以允许，优先恢复业务
Oracle-Database-Recovery-Check

有了这个结论,那处理起来就easy了,直接offline异常文件,然后分析丢失的表
从而确定时lob字典的少量extent数据分配到了file 30上
lob

为了避免查询对应lob之时出现错误,通过update 对应lob为空规避该问题

create table corrupt_lobs (corrupt_rowid rowid,table_name varchar2(100)); 
declare 
  n number; 
begin 
  for cursor_lob in (select rowid r, xff_lob from xff.t_xifenfei) loop 
  begin 
    n:=dbms_lob.instr(cursor_lob.xff_lob,hextoraw('889911')); 
  exception 
    when others then 
      insert into corrupt_lobs values (cursor_lob.r,'xff.t_xifenfei');
      commit; 
    end; 
  end loop; 
end; 
/ 

update xff.t_xifenfei 
     set xff_lob = empty_blob() 
     where rowid in (select corrupted_rowid from corrupt_lobs);

本次恢复是由于运气好,遇到异常文件刚好是最近加入,而且都是图片,客户允许少量丢失,如果是不允许丢失的数据文件,可能需要通过找历史的该文件的备份(Oracle 12C的第一次异常恢复—文件头坏块),在某些情况下,如果也没有此类备份,只能通过bbed重构block 1(如果有其他异常块一次处理,如果太多无法处理,最少也需要重构block 1）,然后尝试open数据库或者使用dul之类工具处理（因为文件头损坏,工具可能不能识别文件无法恢复）

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