分类目录归档:Oracle备份恢复

Oracle Recovery Tools实战批量坏块修复

有客户数据库无法正常启动ORA-600 6711错误

SQL> startup mount pfile='d:/pfile.txt'
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 4294964032 bytes
Fixed Size                  9036608 bytes
Variable Size             889192448 bytes
Database Buffers         3388997632 bytes
Redo Buffers                7737344 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database open ;
alter database open 
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00603: ORACLE server session terminated by fatal error
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [6711], [4313028], [1], [4309898],
[0], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Process ID: 22708
Session ID: 978 Serial number: 56675

alert日志报错

2022-06-26T12:34:41.855326+08:00
alter database open
2022-06-26T12:34:41.984974+08:00
Ping without log force is disabled:
  instance mounted in exclusive mode.
Endian type of dictionary set to little
Undo initialization finished serial:0 start:313418906 end:313418906 diff:0 ms (0.0 seconds)
Database Characterset is ZHS16GBK
No Resource Manager plan active
2022-06-26T12:34:43.302315+08:00
Errors in file C:\APP\XFF\diag\rdbms\orcl\ora19c\trace\ora19c_ora_22708.trc  (incident=38629):
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [6711], [4313028], [1], [4309898], [0], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Incident details in: C:\APP\XFF\diag\rdbms\orcl\ora19c\incident\incdir_38629\ora19c_ora_22708_i38629.trc
Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident.
See Note 411.1 at My Oracle Support for error and packaging details.
2022-06-26T12:34:44.232115+08:00
*****************************************************************
An internal routine has requested a dump of selected redo.
This usually happens following a specific internal error, when
analysis of the redo logs will help Oracle Support with the
diagnosis.
It is recommended that you retain all the redo logs generated (by
all the instances) during the past 12 hours, in case additional
redo dumps are required to help with the diagnosis.
*****************************************************************
2022-06-26T12:34:44.315431+08:00
Errors in file C:\APP\XFF\diag\rdbms\orcl\ora19c\trace\ora19c_ora_22708.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [6711], [4313028], [1], [4309898], [0], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
2022-06-26T12:34:44.315431+08:00
Errors in file C:\APP\XFF\diag\rdbms\orcl\ora19c\trace\ora19c_ora_22708.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [6711], [4313028], [1], [4309898], [0], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Error 600 happened during db open, shutting down database
Errors in file C:\APP\XFF\diag\rdbms\orcl\ora19c\trace\ora19c_ora_22708.trc  (incident=38630):
ORA-00603: ORACLE server session terminated by fatal error
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [6711], [4313028], [1], [4309898], [0], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Incident details in: C:\APP\XFF\diag\rdbms\orcl\ora19c\incident\incdir_38630\ora19c_ora_22708_i38630.trc
2022-06-26T12:34:45.266678+08:00
opiodr aborting process unknown ospid (22708) as a result of ORA-603
2022-06-26T12:34:45.274688+08:00
ORA-603 : opitsk aborting process
License high water mark = 1
USER (ospid: (prelim)): terminating the instance due to ORA error 

通过分析trace文件进行分析,确认是由于histgrm$表异常导致,通过一些特殊处理,绕过该表相关sql,open数据库,并且尝试导出数据

SQL> startup mount pfile='d:/pfile.txt';
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 4294964032 bytes
Fixed Size                  9036608 bytes
Variable Size             889192448 bytes
Database Buffers         3388997632 bytes
Redo Buffers                7737344 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

使用expdp导出数据报ORA-01578错
expdp-ora-1578


通过分析是由于system有坏块导致,dbv检查文件
dbv-huikuai

通过Oracle Recovery Tools工具批量坏块修复功能修复
20220626123245
20220626123343

通过工具修复大量主要坏块被修复,还有一些内部逻辑错误(后续工具继续完善),再次尝试逻辑导出数据,无任何报错,数据比较完美恢复
20220626160209

发表在 小工具, 非常规恢复 | 标签为 , , , , | 评论关闭

ORA-15063: ASM discovered an insufficient number of disks for diskgroup 恢复

客户反馈三个磁盘组无法正常mount,报错类似ORA-15032 ORA-15017 ORA-15063

SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP ASM_DATA MOUNT  /* asm agent *//* {0:0:2} */ 
NOTE: cache registered group ASM_DATA number=1 incarn=0xffa85ccd
NOTE: cache began mount (first) of group ASM_DATA number=1 incarn=0xffa85ccd
ERROR: no read quorum in group: required 2, found 0 disks
NOTE: cache dismounting (clean) group 1/0xFFA85CCD (ASM_DATA) 
NOTE: messaging CKPT to quiesce pins Unix process pid: 5709, image: oracle@XFF (TNS V1-V3)
NOTE: dbwr not being msg'd to dismount
NOTE: lgwr not being msg'd to dismount
NOTE: cache dismounted group 1/0xFFA85CCD (ASM_DATA) 
NOTE: cache ending mount (fail) of group ASM_DATA number=1 incarn=0xffa85ccd
NOTE: cache deleting context for group ASM_DATA 1/0xffa85ccd
Tue Jun 21 12:24:38 2022
NOTE: No asm libraries found in the system
ASM Health Checker found 1 new failures
GMON dismounting group 1 at 16 for pid 19, osid 5709
ERROR: diskgroup ASM_DATA was not mounted
ORA-15032: not all alterations performed
ORA-15017: diskgroup "ASM_DATA" cannot be mounted
ORA-15063: ASM discovered an insufficient number of disks for diskgroup "ASM_DATA"
ERROR: ALTER DISKGROUP ASM_DATA MOUNT  /* asm agent *//* {0:0:2} */

初步判断是asm disk异常导致(比如asm disk不能被扫描到,或者丢失,或者磁盘头损坏等),分析客户的asm disk的udev文件配置

KERNEL=="sdd1", NAME="asm_grid", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"          
KERNEL=="sde1", NAME="asm_system", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"    
KERNEL=="sdf1", NAME="asm_data", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"     

从udev的配置中可以看出来,客户以前是对3个磁盘进行分析,然后使用udev映射别名给asm使用的.通过对其中一个磁盘进行分析
20220621220634
20220621220728


通过上述winhex查看,可以确认该分区的磁盘头信息异常[该信息属于磁盘刚分区的时候信息,而不是asm disk的信息],和kfed看到的结果一致[磁盘头位置肯定损坏,其他位置目前未知]

H:\TEMP\dd>kfed read sdf_sdf1.dd
kfbh.endian:                          0 ; 0x000: 0x00
kfbh.hard:                            0 ; 0x001: 0x00
kfbh.type:                            0 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_INVALID
kfbh.datfmt:                          0 ; 0x003: 0x00
kfbh.block.blk:                       0 ; 0x004: blk=0
kfbh.block.obj:                       0 ; 0x008: file=0
kfbh.check:                           0 ; 0x00c: 0x00000000
kfbh.fcn.base:                        0 ; 0x010: 0x00000000
kfbh.fcn.wrap:                        0 ; 0x014: 0x00000000
kfbh.spare1:                          0 ; 0x018: 0x00000000
kfbh.spare2:                          0 ; 0x01c: 0x00000000
0064D8400 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000  [................]
        Repeat 26 times
0064D85B0 00000000 00000000 00000000 02000000  [................]
0064D85C0 FE8E0001 003FFFFF DFFC0000 0000257F  [......?......%..]
0064D85D0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000  [................]
        Repeat 1 times
0064D85F0 00000000 00000000 00000000 AA550000  [..............U.]
0064D8600 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000  [................]
  Repeat 223 times
KFED-00322: Invalid content encountered during block traversal: [kfbtTraverseBlock][Invalid OSM block type][][0]

分析其他位置的block情况,初步看基本上ok[运气还不错]

H:\TEMP\dd>kfed read sdf_sdf1.dd blkn=2|grep kfbh.type
kfbh.type:                            3 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_ALLOCTBL

H:\TEMP\dd>kfed read sdf_sdf1.dd blkn=3|grep kfbh.type
kfbh.type:                            3 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_ALLOCTBL

H:\TEMP\dd>kfed read sdf_sdf1.dd blkn=1 aun=2|grep kfbh.type
kfbh.type:                            3 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_ALLOCTBL

通过检索备份出来的部分磁盘文件,找出来ORCLDISK信息部分(asm disk header)
20220621221843


然后利用这个部分对损坏的磁盘头进行修复,并且dd回生产环境中,并尝试mount磁盘组,数据库open成功
20220621181430
20220621222356


至此这个数据库运气不错,没有过多损坏,算完美恢复,可以进行了逻辑导出和rman备份,全部正常.为了后续安全,建议对其进行迁移

发表在 Oracle ASM, Oracle备份恢复 | 标签为 , | 评论关闭

ORA-01110 ORA-17070 OSD-04006 故障恢复

有朋友找到我说应用访问数据库和导出数据都报ORA-01110 ORA-17070 OSD-04006之类错误,数据库可以正常open,但是业务访问关键数据和导出报错
20220611175122
20220611175156


对于这个错误,根据以往恢复经验,初步判断可能硬件异常(比如坏道,硬件故障)或者文件系统异常引起,让客户尝试拷贝该文件,确认该文件也无法拷贝
20220611174852

对于这种情况,如果放弃该文件,恢复其他文件数据,那样数据丢失比例太大,直接通过特定恢复工具对其损坏文件进行拷贝,最大限度强求当前文件数据,发现一些扇区损坏跳过继续拷贝
20220611174928

通过坏块检查工具进行检查确认该文件76个block损坏(对于32G的数据文件损坏1M数据,比较好效果)
20220611174909

对坏块进行处理,然后使用expdp导出数据,最大限度抢救数据
20220611175039

发表在 Oracle备份恢复 | 标签为 , , , , | 评论关闭