分类目录归档：Oracle备份恢复

当我们使用resetlogs方式打开数据库后，发现有数据文件处于offline状态，这个时候很可能就是悲剧降临的时候，很有可能这个文件文件在resetlogs之前就处于offline状态，然后你resetlogs之后，这个文件使用常规方法很难再online，会出现ORA-01190或者ORA-01189之类的错误。
一、模拟offline文件然后resetlogs操作

1.设置datafile 5数据文件offline
2.rman备份数据库
3.关闭原数据库，删除数据文件/当前日志和部分归档日志
4.执行不完全恢复，resetlogs打开数据库(如下面操作)
[oracle@xifenfei ora11g]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Mar 15 07:36:59 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> recover database until cancel;
ORA-00279: change 868870 generated at 03/15/2012 03:32:11 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion :
/u01/oracle/oradata/archivelog/ora11g/1_29_777766629.dbf
ORA-00280: change 868870 for thread 1 is in sequence #29


Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
cancel
Media recovery cancelled.
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

SQL> select file#,online_status,to_char(change#,'999999999999') from v$recover_file;

     FILE# ONLINE_STATUS  TO_CHAR(CHANGE#,'999999999
---------- -------------- --------------------------
         5 OFFLINE               868810

SQL> alter database datafile 5 online;
alter database datafile 5 online
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01190: control file or data file 5 is from before the last RESETLOGS
ORA-01110: data file 5: '/u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/xifenfei01.dbf'


SQL> select file#,to_char(checkpoint_change#,'999999999999'),
  2  to_char(last_change#,'999999999999') from v$datafile;

     FILE# TO_CHAR(CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# TO_CHAR(LAST_CHANGE#,'9999
---------- -------------------------- --------------------------
         1        868874
         2        868874
         3        868874
         4        868874
         5        868810                     868874

--可以看到offline的数据文件，没有因为resetlogs操作而改变
--CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#和RESETLOGS_CHANGE#信息
SQL> select file#,to_char(checkpoint_change#,'999999999999'),
  2  to_char(RESETLOGS_CHANGE#,'999999999999')
  3  from v$datafile_header;

     FILE# TO_CHAR(CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# TO_CHAR(RESETLOGS_CHANGE#,
---------- -------------------------- --------------------------
         1        868874                     868871
         2        868874                     868871
         3        868874                     868871
         4        868874                     868871
         5        868810                     787897

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

二、bbed修改相关项

下面两项与resetlogs相关
kcvfhrlc表示 reset logs count
kcvfhrls表示 resetlogs scn
下面四项与数据库文件scn相关
kscnbas (at offset 140) – SCN of last change to the datafile.
kcvcptim (at offset 148) - Time of the last change to the datafile.
kcvfhcpc (at offset 176) – Checkpoint count.
kcvfhccc (at offset 184) – Unknown, but is always 1 less than thecheckpoint point count.


BBED> set filename '/u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf'
        FILENAME        /u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf

BBED> p kcvfhrlc
ub4 kcvfhrlc                                @112      0x2e5eed37

BBED> p kcvfhrls
struct kcvfhrls, 8 bytes                    @116     
   ub4 kscnbas                              @116      0x000d4207
   ub2 kscnwrp                              @120      0x0000

       

BBED>  p kcvcpscn
struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes                 @484 
   ub4 kscnbas                           @484      0x000d4495
   ub2 kscnwrp                           @488      0x0000
   
BBED> p kcvfhcpc
ub4 kcvfhcpc                                @140      0x00000078

BBED> p kcvfhccc
ub4 kcvfhccc                                @148      0x00000077

BBED> set filename '/u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/xifenfei01.dbf'
        FILENAME        /u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/xifenfei01.dbf

BBED> p kcvfhrlc
ub4 kcvfhrlc                                @112      0x2e5bc6e5

BBED> set mode edit
        MODE            Edit

BBED> m /x 37ed5e2e
Warning: contents of previous BIFILE will be lost. Proceed? (Y/N) y

BBED> p kcvfhrlc
ub4 kcvfhrlc                                @112      0x2e5eed37

BBED> p kcvfhrls
struct kcvfhrls, 8 bytes                    @116     
   ub4 kscnbas                              @116      0x000c05b9
   ub2 kscnwrp                              @120      0x0000

BBED> m /x 07420d00

BBED> p kcvfhrls
struct kcvfhrls, 8 bytes                    @116     
   ub4 kscnbas                              @116      0x000d4207
   ub2 kscnwrp                              @120      0x0000

BBED>  p kcvcpscn
struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes                 @484 
   ub4 kscnbas                           @484      0x000d41ca
   ub2 kscnwrp                           @488      0x0000
 
BBED> set offset 484
        OFFSET          484

BBED> m /x 95440d00
BBED-00209: invalid number (95440d00)

BBED> m /x 9544

BBED> set offset +2
        OFFSET          486

BBED> m /x 0d00

BBED> p kcvfhcpc
ub4 kcvfhcpc                                @140      0x00000003

BBED> m /x 78000000

BBED> p kcvfhcpc
ub4 kcvfhcpc                                @140      0x00000078

BBED> p kcvfhccc
ub4 kcvfhccc                                @148      0x00000002

BBED> m /x 77000000

BBED> p kcvfhccc
ub4 kcvfhccc                                @148      0x00000077

BBED> sum
Check value for File 0, Block 1:
current = 0xe079, required = 0x5940

BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 0, Block 1:
current = 0x5940, required = 0x5940
1

三、数据文件online

[oracle@xifenfei ora11g]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Mar 15 07:48:48 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  368263168 bytes
Fixed Size                  1345016 bytes
Variable Size             301992456 bytes
Database Buffers           58720256 bytes
Redo Buffers                6205440 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> select file#,to_char(checkpoint_change#,'999999999999'),
  2  to_char(RESETLOGS_CHANGE#,'999999999999')
  3  from v$datafile_header;

     FILE# TO_CHAR(CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# TO_CHAR(RESETLOGS_CHANGE#,
---------- -------------------------- --------------------------
         1        869528                     868871
         2        869528                     868871
         3        869528                     868871
         4        869528                     868871
         5        869525                     868871

SQL> recover datafile 5;
Media recovery complete.
SQL> alter database datafile 5 online;

Database altered.

姊妹篇:_allow_resetlogs_corruption和adjust_scn解决ORA-01190