分类目录归档：Oracle备份恢复

使用copy实现long类型转移表空间

发表于 2012 年 7 月 1 日 由 惜分飞

在一次8.1.6的数据库恢复过程中,发现一个表空间的数据文件损坏,在转移该表空间相关表时,遇到让人郁闷的long类型.不能使用ctas和move来实现转移,最后通过古老的copy来实现该项工作.
模拟LONG类型表

SQL> create table chf.t_long (id number,name long) tablespace ts_xifenfei;

Table created.

SQL> insert into chf.t_long  select object_id,object_name from dba_objects where rownum<10;

9 rows created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> desc chf.t_long
 Name                                      Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------- -------- -----------------
 ID                                                 NUMBER
 NAME                                               LONG

测试ctas和move

SQL> create table chf.t_long_bak 
  2  as
  3  select * from chf.t_long;
select * from chf.t_long
       *
ERROR at line 3:
ORA-00997: illegal use of LONG datatype


SQL> alter table chf.t_long move tablespace users;
alter table chf.t_long move tablespace users
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00997: illegal use of LONG datatype

使用copy实现LONG表跟换表空间

SQL> SET LONG 1000
SQL> select dbms_metadata.get_ddl('TABLE','T_LONG','CHF') from dual;

DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('TABLE','T_LONG','CHF')
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  CREATE TABLE "CHF"."T_LONG"
   (    "ID" NUMBER,
        "NAME" LONG
   ) SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE
  PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255
 NOCOMPRESS LOGGING
  STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
  PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
  BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
  TABLESPACE "TS_XIFENFEI"


SQL>   CREATE TABLE "CHF"."T_LONG_BAK"
  2     (    "ID" NUMBER,
  3          "NAME" LONG
  4     ) SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE
  5    PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255
  6   NOCOMPRESS LOGGING
  7    STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
  8    PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
  9    BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
 10    TABLESPACE "USERS";

Table created.

SQL> copy from chf/xifenfei@ora11g_d INSERT chf.t_long_bak using select * from chf.t_long;

Array fetch/bind size is 15. (arraysize is 15)
Will commit when done. (copycommit is 0)
Maximum long size is 80. (long is 80)
   9 rows selected from chf@ora11g_d.
   9 rows inserted into CHF.T_LONG_BAK.
   9 rows committed into CHF.T_LONG_BAK at DEFAULT HOST connection.




SQL> alter table t_long rename to t_long_old;

Table altered.

SQL> alter table t_long_bak rename to t_long;

Table altered.

SQL> select tablespace_name,table_name from dba_tables where table_name like 'T_LONG%';

TABLESPACE_NAME TABLE_NAME
--------------- ---------------
TS_XIFENFEI     T_LONG_OLD
USERS           T_LONG

SQL> DROP TABLE T_LONG_OLD PURGE;

Table dropped.
发表在 Oracle备份恢复 | 一条评论

Oracle 11g丢失access$恢复方法

发表于 2012 年 6 月 26 日 由 惜分飞

最近接触到两个案例都是11g数据库因为异常关闭导致access$表丢失,使得数据库不能正常open.为什么这个表会丢失还未找到原因.我这里提供一种在upgrade模式下解决给问题方法.
数据库版本

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
CORE    11.2.0.3.0      Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production

SQL> select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') "xifenfei" from dual;

xifenfei
--------------------------------------
2012-06-22 05:28:57

数据库启动报ORA-00704

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  523108352 bytes
Fixed Size                  1346052 bytes
Variable Size             448792060 bytes
Database Buffers           67108864 bytes
Redo Buffers                5861376 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1
ORA-00942: table or view does not exist
Process ID: 1782
Session ID: 125 Serial number: 5

找出ORA-00704报错原因

SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  523108352 bytes
Fixed Size                  1346052 bytes
Variable Size             448792060 bytes
Database Buffers           67108864 bytes
Redo Buffers                5861376 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> oradebug setmypid
Statement processed.
SQL> oradebug EVENT 10046 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 12
Statement processed.
SQL> oradebug TRACEFILE_NAME
/u01/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/trace/ora11g_ora_2010.trc
SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1
ORA-00942: table or view does not exist
Process ID: 2010
Session ID: 125 Serial number: 5

查看trace文件发现

PARSE ERROR #3063868604:len=56 dep=1 uid=0 oct=3 lid=0 tim=1340312320595472 err=942
select order#,columns,types from access$ where d_obj#=:1
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1
ORA-00942: table or view does not exist
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1
ORA-00942: table or view does not exist

*** 2012-06-22 04:58:40.596
USER (ospid: 2010): terminating the instance due to error 704

启动数据库至upgrade模式

SQL> startup  upgrade
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  523108352 bytes
Fixed Size                  1346052 bytes
Variable Size             448792060 bytes
Database Buffers           67108864 bytes
Redo Buffers                5861376 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

创建access$表和index

SQL> create table access$
  2  ( d_obj#        number not null,
  3    order#        number not null,
  4    columns       raw(126),
  5    types         number not null)
  6    storage (initial 10k next 100k maxextents unlimited pctincrease 0)
  7  /

Table created.

SQL> create index i_access1 on
  2    access$(d_obj#, order#)
  3    storage (initial 10k next 100k maxextents unlimited pctincrease 0)
  4  /

Index created.
--创建语句可以在?\RDBMS\ADMIN\dcore.bsq中找到

重启数据库

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  523108352 bytes
Fixed Size                  1346052 bytes
Variable Size             448792060 bytes
Database Buffers           67108864 bytes
Redo Buffers                5861376 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

access$表作用(感谢vmcd同学提供)
When a database object is first referenced in a PL/SQL program, the PL/SQL engine checks the ACCESS$ table (owned by SYS) to see if the executor of the program has authority on that database object.
对于access$表丢失以前记录是否对系统产生严重影响还未知,希望知道的朋友告知下

发表在 Oracle备份恢复 | 标签为 | 2 条评论

使用dul恢复asm中数据

发表于 2012 年 6 月 25 日 由 惜分飞

大家都知道新版本的odu可以在asm不启动的情况下挖数据文件,其实在新版本的dul中,也可以绕过asm挖数据文件,而且操作起来更加方便.
环境准备

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER
----------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Prod
PL/SQL Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
CORE    10.2.0.1.0      Production
TNS for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

--查询asm disk
SQL> select group_number,DISK_NUMBER,PATH
  2  from v$asm_disk where group_number<>0;
 
GROUP_NUMBER DISK_NUMBER PATH
------------ ----------- --------------------
           1           0 /dev/raw/raw2
           1           1 /dev/raw/raw3 

SQL> conn chf/xifenfei
Connected.

--创建测试表
SQL> create table t_xifenfei
  2  as
  3   select object_id,object_name from dba_objects where rownum<10;

Table created.

SQL> select * from t_xifenfei;

 OBJECT_ID OBJECT_NAME
---------- --------------------------------
        44 I_USER1
        28 CON$
        15 UNDO$
        29 C_COBJ#
         3 I_OBJ#
        25 PROXY_ROLE_DATA$
        39 I_IND1
        51 I_CDEF2

9 rows selected.

--数据文件
SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
----------------------------------------------------------------------
+XIFENFEI/asm10g/datafile/system.256.786578479
+XIFENFEI/asm10g/datafile/undotbs1.258.786578481
+XIFENFEI/asm10g/datafile/sysaux.257.786578481
+XIFENFEI/asm10g/datafile/users.259.786578481
+XIFENFEI/asm10g/datafile/xff.265.786578851

--关闭数据库
SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01031: insufficient privileges
SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

--关闭asm
[oracle@xifenfei home]$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM
[oracle@xifenfei home]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Fri Jun 22 00:18:18 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

SQL> shutdown immediate
ASM diskgroups dismounted
ASM instance shutdown
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
[oracle@xifenfei home]$ ps -ef|grep ASM
oracle   18885 10980  0 00:18 pts/0    00:00:00 grep ASM
[oracle@xifenfei home]$ ps -ef|grep ora_
oracle   18887 10980  0 00:18 pts/0    00:00:00 grep ora_

初始化参数配置

[oracle@xifenfei dul]$ vi init.dul 
db_block_size=8192
control_file = control.dul
dc_segments=100000
osd_word_size = 32
osd_big_endian_flag=false
osd_dba_file_bits=10
osd_c_struct_alignment=32
osd_file_leader_size=1
osd_word_size = 32
dc_columns=2000000
dc_tables=10000
dc_objects=1000000
dc_users=400
dc_segments=100000
control_file = control.dul
db_block_size=8192
export_mode=false
compatible=10
BUFFER=10485760

控制文件配置

[oracle@xifenfei dul]$ more control.dul 
disk /dev/raw/raw2
disk /dev/raw/raw3  
0          1 +XIFENFEI/asm10g/datafile/system.256.786578479
1          2 +XIFENFEI/asm10g/datafile/undotbs1.258.786578481
2          3 +XIFENFEI/asm10g/datafile/sysaux.257.786578481
4          4 +XIFENFEI/asm10g/datafile/users.259.786578481
6          5 +XIFENFEI/asm10g/datafile/xff.265.786578851

使用dul恢复表测试

--启动dul
[oracle@xifenfei dul]$ ./dul

Data UnLoader: 10.2.0.5.13 - Internal Only - on Thu Jun 21 23:49:46 2012
with 64-bit io functions

Copyright (c) 1994 2012 Bernard van Duijnen All rights reserved.

 Strictly Oracle Internal Use Only


DUL: Warning: Recreating file "dul.log"
Disk group XIFENFEI, dul group_cid 0
Discovered disk /dev/raw/raw2 as diskgroup XIFENFEI, disk number 0 size 784 Mb File1 starts at 2, dul_disk_cid 0
Discovered disk /dev/raw/raw3 as diskgroup XIFENFEI, disk number 1 size 7059 Mb without File1 meta data, dul_disk_cid 1

DUL: Warning: Dictionary cache DC_ASM_EXTENTS is empty
DUL: Error: Filedir block not allocated, file does not exist
DUL: Error: Could not load asm meta data for group XIFENFEI file 9
Oracle data file size 503324672, block size 8192
Found db_id = 123111609
Found db_name = ASM10G
Oracle data file size 26222592, block size 8192
Oracle data file size 251666432, block size 8192
Oracle data file size 5251072, block size 8192

--加载数据字典
DUL> bootstrap;
Probing file = 1, block = 377
. unloading table                BOOTSTRAP$
DUL: Warning: block number is non zero but marked deferred trying to process it anyhow
      57 rows unloaded
DUL: Warning: Dictionary cache DC_BOOTSTRAP is empty
Reading BOOTSTRAP.dat 57 entries loaded
Parsing Bootstrap$ contents
DUL: Warning: Recreating file "dict.ddl"
Generating dict.ddl for version 10
 OBJ$: segobjno 18, file 1 block 121
 TAB$: segobjno 2, tabno 1, file 1  block 25
 COL$: segobjno 2, tabno 5, file 1  block 25
 USER$: segobjno 10, tabno 1, file 1  block 89
Running generated file "@dict.ddl" to unload the dictionary tables
. unloading table                      OBJ$   50806 rows unloaded
. unloading table                      TAB$    1560 rows unloaded
. unloading table                      COL$   54822 rows unloaded
. unloading table                     USER$      57 rows unloaded
Reading USER.dat 57 entries loaded
Reading OBJ.dat 50806 entries loaded and sorted 50806 entries
Reading TAB.dat 1560 entries loaded
Reading COL.dat 54822 entries loaded and sorted 54822 entries
Reading BOOTSTRAP.dat 57 entries loaded

DUL: Warning: Recreating file "dict.ddl"
Generating dict.ddl for version 10
 OBJ$: segobjno 18, file 1 block 121
 TAB$: segobjno 2, tabno 1, file 1  block 25
 COL$: segobjno 2, tabno 5, file 1  block 25
 USER$: segobjno 10, tabno 1, file 1  block 89
 TABPART$: segobjno 266, file 1 block 2121
 INDPART$: segobjno 271, file 1 block 2161
 TABCOMPART$: segobjno 288, file 1 block 2297
 INDCOMPART$: segobjno 293, file 1 block 2345
 TABSUBPART$: segobjno 278, file 1 block 2217
 INDSUBPART$: segobjno 283, file 1 block 2257
 IND$: segobjno 2, tabno 3, file 1  block 25
 ICOL$: segobjno 2, tabno 4, file 1  block 25
 LOB$: segobjno 2, tabno 6, file 1  block 25
 COLTYPE$: segobjno 2, tabno 7, file 1  block 25
 TYPE$: segobjno 181, tabno 1, file 1  block 1297
 COLLECTION$: segobjno 181, tabno 2, file 1  block 1297
 ATTRIBUTE$: segobjno 181, tabno 3, file 1  block 1297
 LOBFRAG$: segobjno 299, file 1 block 2393
 LOBCOMPPART$: segobjno 302, file 1 block 2425
 UNDO$: segobjno 15, file 1 block 105
 TS$: segobjno 6, tabno 2, file 1  block 57
 PROPS$: segobjno 96, file 1 block 721
Running generated file "@dict.ddl" to unload the dictionary tables
. unloading table                      OBJ$
DUL: Warning: Recreating file "OBJ.ctl"
   50806 rows unloaded
. unloading table                      TAB$
DUL: Warning: Recreating file "TAB.ctl"
    1560 rows unloaded
. unloading table                      COL$
DUL: Warning: Recreating file "COL.ctl"
   54822 rows unloaded
. unloading table                     USER$
DUL: Warning: Recreating file "USER.ctl"
      57 rows unloaded
. unloading table                  TABPART$      72 rows unloaded
. unloading table                  INDPART$      80 rows unloaded
. unloading table               TABCOMPART$       0 rows unloaded
. unloading table               INDCOMPART$       0 rows unloaded
. unloading table               TABSUBPART$       0 rows unloaded
. unloading table               INDSUBPART$       0 rows unloaded
. unloading table                      IND$    2213 rows unloaded
. unloading table                     ICOL$    3618 rows unloaded
. unloading table                      LOB$     528 rows unloaded
. unloading table                  COLTYPE$    1688 rows unloaded
. unloading table                     TYPE$    1885 rows unloaded
. unloading table               COLLECTION$     551 rows unloaded
. unloading table                ATTRIBUTE$    7051 rows unloaded
. unloading table                  LOBFRAG$       1 row  unloaded
. unloading table              LOBCOMPPART$       0 rows unloaded
. unloading table                     UNDO$      21 rows unloaded
. unloading table                       TS$       7 rows unloaded
. unloading table                    PROPS$      27 rows unloaded
Reading USER.dat 57 entries loaded
Reading OBJ.dat 50806 entries loaded and sorted 50806 entries
Reading TAB.dat 1560 entries loaded
Reading COL.dat 54822 entries loaded and sorted 54822 entries
Reading TABPART.dat 72 entries loaded and sorted 72 entries
Reading TABCOMPART.dat 0 entries loaded and sorted 0 entries
Reading TABSUBPART.dat 0 entries loaded and sorted 0 entries
Reading INDPART.dat 80 entries loaded and sorted 80 entries
Reading INDCOMPART.dat 0 entries loaded and sorted 0 entries
Reading INDSUBPART.dat 0 entries loaded and sorted 0 entries
Reading IND.dat 2213 entries loaded
Reading LOB.dat 528 entries loaded
Reading ICOL.dat 3618 entries loaded
Reading COLTYPE.dat 1688 entries loaded
Reading TYPE.dat 1885 entries loaded
Reading ATTRIBUTE.dat 7051 entries loaded
Reading COLLECTION.dat 551 entries loaded
Reading BOOTSTRAP.dat 57 entries loaded
Reading LOBFRAG.dat 1 entries loaded and sorted 1 entries
Reading LOBCOMPPART.dat 0 entries loaded and sorted 0 entries
Reading UNDO.dat 21 entries loaded
Reading TS.dat 7 entries loaded
Reading PROPS.dat 27 entries loaded
Database character set is ZHS16GBK
Database national character set is AL16UTF16

--恢复表
DUL> unload table chf.t_xifenfei;
. unloading table                T_XIFENFEI       9 rows unloaded

验证恢复数据库

[oracle@xifenfei dul]$ ll CHF_T_XIFENFEI*
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall  269 Jun 22 00:26 CHF_T_XIFENFEI.ctl
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall  134 Jun 22 00:26 CHF_T_XIFENFEI.dat
[oracle@xifenfei dul]$ more CHF_T_XIFENFEI.ctl 
load data
CHARACTERSET UTF8
infile 'CHF_T_XIFENFEI.dat'
insert
into table "CHF"."T_XIFENFEI"
fields terminated by whitespace
(
  "OBJECT_ID"                        CHAR(2) enclosed by X'22'       
 ,"OBJECT_NAME"                      CHAR(16) enclosed by X'22'      
)
[oracle@xifenfei dul]$ more CHF_T_XIFENFEI.dat
"20" "ICOL$"
"44" "I_USER1"
"28" "CON$"
"15" "UNDO$"
"29" "C_COBJ#"
"3" "I_OBJ#"
"25" "PROXY_ROLE_DATA$"
"39" "I_IND1"
"51" "I_CDEF2"
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