分类目录归档：Oracle备份恢复

利用scn增量备份实现数据库增量恢复

发表于 2012 年 4 月 19 日由惜分飞

数据库版本

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
CORE    11.2.0.3.0      Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production

全备数据库

RMAN> backup as compressed backupset database  format '/u01/oracle/oradata/tmp/ora11g_0_%U';

Starting backup at 18-APR-12
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf
input datafile file number=00006 name=/u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/xifenfei02.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 18-APR-12
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 18-APR-12
piece handle=/u01/oracle/oradata/tmp/ora11g_0_07n8p916_1_1 tag=TAG20120418T234958 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:15
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 18-APR-12
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 18-APR-12
piece handle=/u01/oracle/oradata/tmp/ora11g_0_08n8p93h_1_1 tag=TAG20120418T234958 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 18-APR-12

创建测试数据库验证恢复标准

SQL> conn chf/xifenfei
Connected.
SQL> drop table xifenfei purge;

Table dropped.

SQL> create table xifenfei as
  2  select * from dba_objects;

Table created.

SQL> insert into xifenfei
  2  select * from dba_objects;

74534 rows created.

SQL> /       

74534 rows created.

SQL> /

74534 rows created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> select count(*) from xifenfei;

  COUNT(*)
----------
    298136

SQL> create table xifenfei01 as    
  2  select * from dba_objects;

Table created.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> /

System altered.

SQL> /

System altered.

SQL> /

System altered.

SQL> create table chf.xifenfei02 as
  2  select * from dba_objects;

Table created.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

异机恢复库

RMAN> restore controlfile from '/u01/oracle/oradata/tmp/ora11g_0_08n8p93h_1_1';

Starting restore at 19-APR-12
using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
output file name=/u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/control01.ctl
output file name=/u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/control02.ctl
Finished restore at 19-APR-12

RMAN> alter database mount;

database mounted
released channel: ORA_DISK_1

RMAN> list backup;


List of Backup Sets
===================


BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
7       Full    262.79M    DISK        00:01:08     18-APR-12      
        BP Key: 7   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20120418T234958
        Piece Name: /u01/oracle/oradata/tmp/ora11g_0_07n8p916_1_1
  List of Datafiles in backup set 7
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
  1       Full 1155510    18-APR-12 /u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf
  2       Full 1155510    18-APR-12 /u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf
  3       Full 1155510    18-APR-12 /u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf
  4       Full 1155510    18-APR-12 /u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf
  6       Full 1155510    18-APR-12 /u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/xifenfei02.dbf
--这里可以发现备份时的scn,增量备份时取这里的最小scn为起点


--为了排除影响,删除所有归档日志记录
RMAN> delete archivelog all;

RMAN> list archivelog all;

specification does not match any archived log in the repository

RMAN> restore database;

Starting restore at 19-APR-12
using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00006 to /u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/xifenfei02.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/oracle/oradata/tmp/ora11g_0_07n8p916_1_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/oracle/oradata/tmp/ora11g_0_07n8p916_1_1 tag=TAG20120418T234958
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:01:36
Finished restore at 19-APR-12

[oracle@xifenfei oradata]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Apr 19 00:54:42 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select file#,to_char(checkpoint_change#,'9999999999999999') "SCN",
  2  to_char(RESETLOGS_CHANGE#,'9999999999999999') "RESETLOGS SCN"
  3  from v$datafile_header;

     FILE# SCN                                RESETLOGS SCN
---------- ---------------------------------- ----------------------------------
         1           1155510                             787897
         2           1155510                             787897
         3           1155510                             787897
         4           1155510                             787897
         6           1155510                             787897

SQL> select file#,to_char(checkpoint_change#,'999999999999999') "SCN",
  2  to_char(last_change#,'999999999999999')"STOP_SCN" from v$datafile;

     FILE# SCN                              STOP_SCN
---------- -------------------------------- --------------------------------
         1          1155510
         2          1155510
         3          1155510
         4          1155510
         6          1155510

基于scn增量备份

RMAN> BACKUP INCREMENTAL FROM SCN 1155510 DATABASE
2> FORMAT '/u01/oracle/oradata/tmp/ora11_scn_%U' tag 'XIFENFEI';

Starting backup at 19-APR-12

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=125 device type=DISK
backup will be obsolete on date 26-APR-12
archived logs will not be kept or backed up
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf
input datafile file number=00006 name=/u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/xifenfei02.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 19-APR-12
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 19-APR-12
piece handle=/u01/oracle/oradata/tmp/ora11_scn_0bn8pbsd_1_1 tag=XIFENFEI comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:45

using channel ORA_DISK_1
backup will be obsolete on date 26-APR-12
archived logs will not be kept or backed up
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 19-APR-12
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 19-APR-12
piece handle=/u01/oracle/oradata/tmp/ora11_scn_0cn8pbtq_1_1 tag=XIFENFEI comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 19-APR-12

增量恢复

RMAN> catalog start with '/u01/oracle/oradata/tmp/ora11_scn_09n8pa5h_1_1';

searching for all files that match the pattern /u01/oracle/oradata/tmp/ora11_scn_09n8pa5h_1_1

List of Files Unknown to the Database
=====================================
File Name: /u01/oracle/oradata/tmp/ora11_scn_09n8pa5h_1_1

Do you really want to catalog the above files (enter YES or NO)? yes
cataloging files...
cataloging done

List of Cataloged Files
=======================
File Name: /u01/oracle/oradata/tmp/ora11_scn_09n8pa5h_1_1

RMAN> recover database;

Starting recover at 19-APR-12
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=125 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
destination for restore of datafile 00001: /u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf
destination for restore of datafile 00002: /u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf
destination for restore of datafile 00003: /u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf
destination for restore of datafile 00004: /u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf
destination for restore of datafile 00006: /u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/xifenfei02.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/oracle/oradata/tmp/ora11_scn_0bn8pbsd_1_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/oracle/oradata/tmp/ora11_scn_0bn8pbsd_1_1.bak tag=XIFENFEI
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07

starting media recovery

--这里表现出来的是利用归档日志恢复，实质是基于scn增量备份的备份集恢复
archived log file name=/u01/oracle/oradata/archivelog/ora11g/1_49_777766629.dbf thread=1 sequence=49
archived log file name=/u01/oracle/oradata/archivelog/ora11g/1_50_777766629.dbf thread=1 sequence=50
archived log file name=/u01/oracle/oradata/archivelog/ora11g/1_51_777766629.dbf thread=1 sequence=51
archived log file name=/u01/oracle/oradata/archivelog/ora11g/1_52_777766629.dbf thread=1 sequence=52
archived log file name=/u01/oracle/oradata/archivelog/ora11g/1_53_777766629.dbf thread=1 sequence=53
archived log file name=/u01/oracle/oradata/archivelog/ora11g/1_54_777766629.dbf thread=1 sequence=54
archived log file name=/u01/oracle/oradata/archivelog/ora11g/1_55_777766629.dbf thread=1 sequence=55
archived log file name=/u01/oracle/oradata/archivelog/ora11g/1_56_777766629.dbf thread=1 sequence=56
archived log file name=/u01/oracle/oradata/archivelog/ora11g/1_57_777766629.dbf thread=1 sequence=57
unable to find archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=58
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 04/19/2012 00:55:48
RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 58 and starting SCN of 1157379

SQL> select file#,to_char(checkpoint_change#,'9999999999999999') "SCN",
  2  to_char(RESETLOGS_CHANGE#,'9999999999999999') "RESETLOGS SCN"
  3  from v$datafile_header;

     FILE# SCN                                RESETLOGS SCN
---------- ---------------------------------- ----------------------------------
         1           1157379                             787897
         2           1157379                             787897
         3           1157379                             787897
         4           1157379                             787897
         6           1157379                             787897

SQL> select file#,to_char(checkpoint_change#,'999999999999999') "SCN",
  2  to_char(last_change#,'999999999999999')"STOP_SCN" from v$datafile;

     FILE# SCN                              STOP_SCN
---------- -------------------------------- --------------------------------
         1          1157379
         2          1157379
         3          1157379
         4          1157379
         6          1157379

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

SQL> select count(*) from chf.xifenfei;

  COUNT(*)
----------
    298136

SQL> select TABLE_NAME from dba_tables where table_name LIKE 'XIFENFEI%';

TABLE_NAME
------------------------------------------------------------
XIFENFEI02
XIFENFEI01
XIFENFEI

使用rman基于scn实现数据库增量恢复是在dg中修复gap的时候常见的方法,其实该方法也可以使用常规的增量恢复,通过人工控制,实现数据库的某种特殊的业务需求(特殊的数据迁移).处理思路主要是获得备库的数据文件最小scn(这个scn可能是通过全备恢复或者增量恢复产生),然后基于该SCN实现数据库增量备份,然后利用该备份进行增量恢复.

发表在 rman备份/恢复 | 2 条评论

手工修复ASM DISK HEADER 异常

发表于 2012 年 4 月 17 日由惜分飞

今天有网友对asm中的磁盘做了fdisk操作,导致asm disk异常,通过手工修复ASM DISK HEADER 解决该问题,这里通过实验重现,提醒大家操作asm中的硬盘分区需要慎重,平时对ASM DISK HEADER 做好备份
初始化信息

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
CORE    11.2.0.3.0      Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production

SQL>  show parameter instance_name;

NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE
------------------------------------ ---------- ----------------
instance_name                        string     +ASM1

SQL> select group_number,DISK_NUMBER,PATH,HEADER_STATUS from v$asm_disk ;

GROUP_NUMBER DISK_NUMBER PATH                           HEADER_STATUS
------------ ----------- ------------------------------ ------------------------
           1           1 /dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL2      MEMBER
           1           0 /dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL1      MEMBER
           2           1 /dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL4      MEMBER
           2           0 /dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL3      MEMBER

[grid@rac1 ~]$ /etc/init.d/oracleasm  querydisk -d VOL3
Disk "VOL3" is a valid ASM disk on device [8,17]
[grid@rac1 ~]$ ll /dev |grep 8,|grep 17
brw-r----- 1 root disk     8,  17 Apr 17 11:37 sdb1
[grid@rac1 ~]$ /etc/init.d/oracleasm  querydisk -d VOL4
Disk "VOL4" is a valid ASM disk on device [8,18]
[grid@rac1 ~]$ ll /dev |grep 8,|grep 18
brw-r----- 1 root disk     8,  18 Apr 17 11:37 sdb2

备份ASM DISK HEADER

[root@rac1 backup_asmheader]# dd if=/dev/sdb1 of=vol3header.dd bs=4096 count=1
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
4096 bytes (4.1 kB) copied, 0.000143581 seconds, 28.5 MB/s
[root@rac1 backup_asmheader]# dd if=/dev/sdb2 of=vol4header.dd bs=4096 count=1
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
4096 bytes (4.1 kB) copied, 0.000147727 seconds, 27.7 MB/s

破坏ASM DISK HEADER

[root@rac1 ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb1 bs=4096 count=1
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
4096 bytes (4.1 kB) copied, 4.4421e-05 seconds, 92.2 MB/s

[grid@rac1 ~]$ kfed read /dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL3
kfbh.endian:                          0 ; 0x000: 0x00
kfbh.hard:                            0 ; 0x001: 0x00
kfbh.type:                            0 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_INVALID
kfbh.datfmt:                          0 ; 0x003: 0x00
kfbh.block.blk:                       0 ; 0x004: blk=0
kfbh.block.obj:                       0 ; 0x008: file=0
kfbh.check:                           0 ; 0x00c: 0x00000000
kfbh.fcn.base:                        0 ; 0x010: 0x00000000
kfbh.fcn.wrap:                        0 ; 0x014: 0x00000000
kfbh.spare1:                          0 ; 0x018: 0x00000000
kfbh.spare2:                          0 ; 0x01c: 0x00000000
B4C83200 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000  [................]
  Repeat 255 times
KFED-00322: Invalid content encountered during block traversal: [kfbtTraverseBlock][Invalid OSM block type][][0]


SQL> select group_number,DISK_NUMBER,PATH,HEADER_STATUS from v$asm_disk ;

GROUP_NUMBER DISK_NUMBER PATH                           HEADER_STATUS
------------ ----------- ------------------------------ ------------------------
           1           1 /dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL2      MEMBER
           1           0 /dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL1      MEMBER
           2           1 /dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL4      MEMBER
           2           0 /dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL3      CANDIDATE

remount diskgroup

SQL> alter diskgroup  xifenfei dismount;

Diskgroup altered.

SQL> alter diskgroup xifenfei mount;
alter diskgroup xifenfei mount
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-15032: not all alterations performed
ORA-15017: diskgroup "XIFENFEI" cannot be mounted
ORA-15063: ASM discovered an insufficient number of disks for diskgroup
"XIFENFEI"

查看同一DISKGROUP中其他磁盘kfed

[grid@rac1 ~]$ kfed read /dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL4
kfbh.endian:                          1 ; 0x000: 0x01
kfbh.hard:                          130 ; 0x001: 0x82
kfbh.type:                            1 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_DISKHEAD
kfbh.datfmt:                          1 ; 0x003: 0x01
kfbh.block.blk:                       0 ; 0x004: blk=0
kfbh.block.obj:              2147483649 ; 0x008: disk=1
kfbh.check:                   349717291 ; 0x00c: 0x14d8432b
kfbh.fcn.base:                        0 ; 0x010: 0x00000000
kfbh.fcn.wrap:                        0 ; 0x014: 0x00000000
kfbh.spare1:                          0 ; 0x018: 0x00000000
kfbh.spare2:                          0 ; 0x01c: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.driver.provstr:     ORCLDISKVOL4 ; 0x000: length=12
kfdhdb.driver.reserved[0]:    877416278 ; 0x008: 0x344c4f56
kfdhdb.driver.reserved[1]:            0 ; 0x00c: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.driver.reserved[2]:            0 ; 0x010: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.driver.reserved[3]:            0 ; 0x014: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.driver.reserved[4]:            0 ; 0x018: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.driver.reserved[5]:            0 ; 0x01c: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.compat:                186646528 ; 0x020: 0x0b200000
kfdhdb.dsknum:                        1 ; 0x024: 0x0001
kfdhdb.grptyp:                        1 ; 0x026: KFDGTP_EXTERNAL
kfdhdb.hdrsts:                        3 ; 0x027: KFDHDR_MEMBER
kfdhdb.dskname:           XIFENFEI_0001 ; 0x028: length=13
kfdhdb.grpname:                XIFENFEI ; 0x048: length=8
kfdhdb.fgname:            XIFENFEI_0001 ; 0x068: length=13
kfdhdb.capname:                         ; 0x088: length=0
kfdhdb.crestmp.hi:             32967790 ; 0x0a8: HOUR=0xe DAYS=0x3 MNTH=0x3 YEAR=0x7dc
kfdhdb.crestmp.lo:           2015933440 ; 0x0ac: USEC=0x0 MSEC=0x22d SECS=0x2 MINS=0x1e
kfdhdb.mntstmp.hi:             32969260 ; 0x0b0: HOUR=0xc DAYS=0x11 MNTH=0x4 YEAR=0x7dc
kfdhdb.mntstmp.lo:           3109835776 ; 0x0b4: USEC=0x0 MSEC=0x315 SECS=0x15 MINS=0x2e
kfdhdb.secsize:                     512 ; 0x0b8: 0x0200
kfdhdb.blksize:                    4096 ; 0x0ba: 0x1000
kfdhdb.ausize:                  1048576 ; 0x0bc: 0x00100000
kfdhdb.mfact:                    113792 ; 0x0c0: 0x0001bc80
kfdhdb.dsksize:                    3788 ; 0x0c4: 0x00000ecc
kfdhdb.pmcnt:                         2 ; 0x0c8: 0x00000002
kfdhdb.fstlocn:                       1 ; 0x0cc: 0x00000001
kfdhdb.altlocn:                       2 ; 0x0d0: 0x00000002
kfdhdb.f1b1locn:                      0 ; 0x0d4: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.redomirrors[0]:                0 ; 0x0d8: 0x0000
kfdhdb.redomirrors[1]:                0 ; 0x0da: 0x0000
kfdhdb.redomirrors[2]:                0 ; 0x0dc: 0x0000
kfdhdb.redomirrors[3]:                0 ; 0x0de: 0x0000
kfdhdb.dbcompat:              168820736 ; 0x0e0: 0x0a100000
kfdhdb.grpstmp.hi:             32967790 ; 0x0e4: HOUR=0xe DAYS=0x3 MNTH=0x3 YEAR=0x7dc
kfdhdb.grpstmp.lo:           2015746048 ; 0x0e8: USEC=0x0 MSEC=0x176 SECS=0x2 MINS=0x1e
kfdhdb.vfstart:                       0 ; 0x0ec: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.vfend:                         0 ; 0x0f0: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.spfile:                        0 ; 0x0f4: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.spfflg:                        0 ; 0x0f8: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[0]:                   0 ; 0x0fc: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[1]:                   0 ; 0x100: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[2]:                   0 ; 0x104: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[3]:                   0 ; 0x108: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[4]:                   0 ; 0x10c: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[5]:                   0 ; 0x110: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[6]:                   0 ; 0x114: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[7]:                   0 ; 0x118: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[8]:                   0 ; 0x11c: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[9]:                   0 ; 0x120: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[10]:                  0 ; 0x124: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[11]:                  0 ; 0x128: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[12]:                  0 ; 0x12c: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[13]:                  0 ; 0x130: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[14]:                  0 ; 0x134: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[15]:                  0 ; 0x138: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[16]:                  0 ; 0x13c: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[17]:                  0 ; 0x140: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[18]:                  0 ; 0x144: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[19]:                  0 ; 0x148: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[20]:                  0 ; 0x14c: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[21]:                  0 ; 0x150: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[22]:                  0 ; 0x154: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[23]:                  0 ; 0x158: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[24]:                  0 ; 0x15c: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[25]:                  0 ; 0x160: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[26]:                  0 ; 0x164: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[27]:                  0 ; 0x168: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[28]:                  0 ; 0x16c: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[29]:                  0 ; 0x170: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[30]:                  0 ; 0x174: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[31]:                  0 ; 0x178: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[32]:                  0 ; 0x17c: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[33]:                  0 ; 0x180: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[34]:                  0 ; 0x184: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[35]:                  0 ; 0x188: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[36]:                  0 ; 0x18c: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[37]:                  0 ; 0x190: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[38]:                  0 ; 0x194: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[39]:                  0 ; 0x198: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[40]:                  0 ; 0x19c: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[41]:                  0 ; 0x1a0: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[42]:                  0 ; 0x1a4: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[43]:                  0 ; 0x1a8: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[44]:                  0 ; 0x1ac: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[45]:                  0 ; 0x1b0: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[46]:                  0 ; 0x1b4: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[47]:                  0 ; 0x1b8: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[48]:                  0 ; 0x1bc: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[49]:                  0 ; 0x1c0: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[50]:                  0 ; 0x1c4: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[51]:                  0 ; 0x1c8: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[52]:                  0 ; 0x1cc: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[53]:                  0 ; 0x1d0: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.acdb.aba.seq:                  0 ; 0x1d4: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.acdb.aba.blk:                  0 ; 0x1d8: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.acdb.ents:                     0 ; 0x1dc: 0x0000
kfdhdb.acdb.ub2spare:                 0 ; 0x1de: 0x0000

通过VOL4 kfed修改出VOL3 kfed

[grid@rac1 ~]$ cat vol3.txt
kfbh.endian:                          1 ; 0x000: 0x01
kfbh.hard:                          130 ; 0x001: 0x82
kfbh.type:                            1 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_DISKHEAD
kfbh.datfmt:                          1 ; 0x003: 0x01
kfbh.block.blk:                       0 ; 0x004: blk=0
*kfbh.block.obj:              2147483648 ; 0x008: disk=0
kfbh.check:                   332940500 ; 0x00c: 0x13d844d4
kfbh.fcn.base:                        0 ; 0x010: 0x00000000
kfbh.fcn.wrap:                        0 ; 0x014: 0x00000000
kfbh.spare1:                          0 ; 0x018: 0x00000000
kfbh.spare2:                          0 ; 0x01c: 0x00000000
*kfdhdb.driver.provstr:     ORCLDISKVOL3 ; 0x000: length=12
*kfdhdb.driver.reserved[0]:    860639062 ; 0x008: 0x334c4f56
kfdhdb.driver.reserved[1]:            0 ; 0x00c: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.driver.reserved[2]:            0 ; 0x010: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.driver.reserved[3]:            0 ; 0x014: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.driver.reserved[4]:            0 ; 0x018: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.driver.reserved[5]:            0 ; 0x01c: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.compat:                186646528 ; 0x020: 0x0b200000
*kfdhdb.dsknum:                        0 ; 0x024: 0x0000
kfdhdb.grptyp:                        1 ; 0x026: KFDGTP_EXTERNAL
kfdhdb.hdrsts:                        3 ; 0x027: KFDHDR_MEMBER
*kfdhdb.dskname:           XIFENFEI_0000 ; 0x028: length=13
kfdhdb.grpname:                XIFENFEI ; 0x048: length=8
*kfdhdb.fgname:            XIFENFEI_0000 ; 0x068: length=13
kfdhdb.capname:                         ; 0x088: length=0
kfdhdb.crestmp.hi:             32967790 ; 0x0a8: HOUR=0xe DAYS=0x3 MNTH=0x3 YEAR=0x7dc
kfdhdb.crestmp.lo:           2015933440 ; 0x0ac: USEC=0x0 MSEC=0x22d SECS=0x2 MINS=0x1e
kfdhdb.mntstmp.hi:             32969260 ; 0x0b0: HOUR=0xc DAYS=0x11 MNTH=0x4 YEAR=0x7dc
kfdhdb.mntstmp.lo:           3109835776 ; 0x0b4: USEC=0x0 MSEC=0x315 SECS=0x15 MINS=0x2e
kfdhdb.secsize:                     512 ; 0x0b8: 0x0200
kfdhdb.blksize:                    4096 ; 0x0ba: 0x1000
kfdhdb.ausize:                  1048576 ; 0x0bc: 0x00100000
kfdhdb.mfact:                    113792 ; 0x0c0: 0x0001bc80
*kfdhdb.dsksize:                    2353 ; 0x0c4: 0x00000931
kfdhdb.pmcnt:                         2 ; 0x0c8: 0x00000002
kfdhdb.fstlocn:                       1 ; 0x0cc: 0x00000001
kfdhdb.altlocn:                       2 ; 0x0d0: 0x00000002
*kfdhdb.f1b1locn:                      2 ; 0x0d4: 0x00000002
kfdhdb.redomirrors[0]:                0 ; 0x0d8: 0x0000
kfdhdb.redomirrors[1]:                0 ; 0x0da: 0x0000
kfdhdb.redomirrors[2]:                0 ; 0x0dc: 0x0000
kfdhdb.redomirrors[3]:                0 ; 0x0de: 0x0000
kfdhdb.dbcompat:              168820736 ; 0x0e0: 0x0a100000
kfdhdb.grpstmp.hi:             32967790 ; 0x0e4: HOUR=0xe DAYS=0x3 MNTH=0x3 YEAR=0x7dc
kfdhdb.grpstmp.lo:           2015746048 ; 0x0e8: USEC=0x0 MSEC=0x176 SECS=0x2 MINS=0x1e
kfdhdb.vfstart:                       0 ; 0x0ec: 0x00000000

后续处理

--导入kfed
[grid@rac1 ~]$ kfed merge /dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL3 text=vol3.txt

--MOUNT diskgroup
SQL> alter diskgroup xifenfei mount;

Diskgroup altered.

如果您遇到此类情况,无法解决请联系我们，提供专业ORACLE数据库恢复技术支持
Phone:17813235971 Q Q:107644445 E-Mail:dba@xifenfei.com

发表在 Oracle ASM, 非常规恢复 | 标签为 asm磁盘头修复 | 一条评论

最近遇到几次ASM DATA HEADER出问题导致DISK GROUP 不能正常的MOUNT,是的数据库不能正常工作,从来带来了无穷的麻烦,这个时候心想,如果我做了ASM DATA HEADER的备份该多好啊,可惜世上没有后悔药,建议大家检查下自己的ASM库,ASM HEADER是否已经做了备份,如果没有请及时处理下.这里试验提供了dd和kfed备份和恢复ASM HEADER
查询ASM相关信息

SQL> select group_number,name,state,total_mb,free_mb from v$asm_diskgroup;

GROUP_NUMBER NAME                           STATE        TOTAL_MB    FREE_MB
------------ ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ----------
           1 DATA                           MOUNTED          2046       1314
           2 XIFENFEI                       MOUNTED          6141       4378

SQL> select group_number,DISK_NUMBER,PATH,STATE from v$asm_disk;

GROUP_NUMBER DISK_NUMBER PATH                           STATE
------------ ----------- ------------------------------ ----------------
           1           1 /dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL2      NORMAL
           1           0 /dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL1      NORMAL
           2           1 /dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL4      NORMAL
           2           0 /dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL3      NORMAL

找出ASM DISK对应磁盘分区

[grid@rac1 ~]$ /etc/init.d/oracleasm  querydisk -d VOL1
Disk "VOL1" is a valid ASM disk on device [8,33]
[grid@rac1 ~]$ ll /dev |grep 8|grep 33
brw-r----- 1 root disk     8,  33 Apr 17 11:37 sdc1
[grid@rac1 ~]$ /etc/init.d/oracleasm  querydisk -d VOL2
Disk "VOL2" is a valid ASM disk on device [8,34]
[grid@rac1 ~]$ ll /dev |grep 8|grep 34
brw-r----- 1 root disk     8,  34 Apr 17 11:37 sdc2
[grid@rac1 ~]$ /etc/init.d/oracleasm  querydisk -d VOL3
Disk "VOL3" is a valid ASM disk on device [8,17]
[grid@rac1 ~]$ ll /dev |grep 8,|grep 17
brw-r----- 1 root disk     8,  17 Apr 17 11:37 sdb1
[grid@rac1 ~]$ /etc/init.d/oracleasm  querydisk -d VOL4
Disk "VOL4" is a valid ASM disk on device [8,18]
[grid@rac1 ~]$ ll /dev |grep 8,|grep 18
brw-r----- 1 root disk     8,  18 Apr 17 11:37 sdb2

备份ASM HEADER信息(备份XIFENFEI磁盘组)

--dd方式备份
[root@rac1 backup_asmheader]# dd if=/dev/sdb1 of=vol3header.dd bs=4096 count=1
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
4096 bytes (4.1 kB) copied, 0.000143581 seconds, 28.5 MB/s
[root@rac1 backup_asmheader]# dd if=/dev/sdb2 of=vol4header.dd bs=4096 count=1
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
4096 bytes (4.1 kB) copied, 0.000147727 seconds, 27.7 MB/s

--kfed方式备份
[grid@rac1 backup_asmheader]$ kfed read /dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL3 text=vol3header.txt
[grid@rac1 backup_asmheader]$ more vol3header.txt 
kfbh.endian:                          1 ; 0x000: 0x01
kfbh.hard:                          130 ; 0x001: 0x82
kfbh.type:                            1 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_DISKHEAD
kfbh.datfmt:                          1 ; 0x003: 0x01
kfbh.block.blk:                       0 ; 0x004: blk=0
kfbh.block.obj:              2147483648 ; 0x008: disk=0
kfbh.check:                   198826195 ; 0x00c: 0x0bd9d8d3
kfbh.fcn.base:                        0 ; 0x010: 0x00000000
kfbh.fcn.wrap:                        0 ; 0x014: 0x00000000
kfbh.spare1:                          0 ; 0x018: 0x00000000
kfbh.spare2:                          0 ; 0x01c: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.driver.provstr:     ORCLDISKVOL3 ; 0x000: length=12
kfdhdb.driver.reserved[0]:    860639062 ; 0x008: 0x334c4f56
kfdhdb.driver.reserved[1]:            0 ; 0x00c: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.driver.reserved[2]:            0 ; 0x010: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.driver.reserved[3]:            0 ; 0x014: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.driver.reserved[4]:            0 ; 0x018: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.driver.reserved[5]:            0 ; 0x01c: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.compat:                186646528 ; 0x020: 0x0b200000
kfdhdb.dsknum:                        0 ; 0x024: 0x0000
kfdhdb.grptyp:                        1 ; 0x026: KFDGTP_EXTERNAL
kfdhdb.hdrsts:                        3 ; 0x027: KFDHDR_MEMBER
kfdhdb.dskname:           XIFENFEI_0000 ; 0x028: length=13
kfdhdb.grpname:                XIFENFEI ; 0x048: length=8
kfdhdb.fgname:            XIFENFEI_0000 ; 0x068: length=13
kfdhdb.capname:                         ; 0x088: length=0
kfdhdb.crestmp.hi:             32967790 ; 0x0a8: HOUR=0xe DAYS=0x3 MNTH=0x3 YEAR=0x7dc
kfdhdb.crestmp.lo:           2015933440 ; 0x0ac: USEC=0x0 MSEC=0x22d SECS=0x2 MINS=0x1e
kfdhdb.mntstmp.hi:             32969259 ; 0x0b0: HOUR=0xb DAYS=0x11 MNTH=0x4 YEAR=0x7dc
kfdhdb.mntstmp.lo:           2707277824 ; 0x0b4: USEC=0x0 MSEC=0x372 SECS=0x15 MINS=0x28
kfdhdb.secsize:                     512 ; 0x0b8: 0x0200
kfdhdb.blksize:                    4096 ; 0x0ba: 0x1000
kfdhdb.ausize:                  1048576 ; 0x0bc: 0x00100000
kfdhdb.mfact:                    113792 ; 0x0c0: 0x0001bc80
kfdhdb.dsksize:                    2353 ; 0x0c4: 0x00000931
kfdhdb.pmcnt:                         2 ; 0x0c8: 0x00000002
kfdhdb.fstlocn:                       1 ; 0x0cc: 0x00000001
kfdhdb.altlocn:                       2 ; 0x0d0: 0x00000002
kfdhdb.f1b1locn:                      2 ; 0x0d4: 0x00000002
kfdhdb.redomirrors[0]:                0 ; 0x0d8: 0x0000
kfdhdb.redomirrors[1]:                0 ; 0x0da: 0x0000
kfdhdb.redomirrors[2]:                0 ; 0x0dc: 0x0000
kfdhdb.redomirrors[3]:                0 ; 0x0de: 0x0000
kfdhdb.dbcompat:              168820736 ; 0x0e0: 0x0a100000
kfdhdb.grpstmp.hi:             32967790 ; 0x0e4: HOUR=0xe DAYS=0x3 MNTH=0x3 YEAR=0x7dc
kfdhdb.grpstmp.lo:           2015746048 ; 0x0e8: USEC=0x0 MSEC=0x176 SECS=0x2 MINS=0x1e
kfdhdb.vfstart:                       0 ; 0x0ec: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.vfend:                         0 ; 0x0f0: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.spfile:                        0 ; 0x0f4: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.spfflg:                        0 ; 0x0f8: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[0]:                   0 ; 0x0fc: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[1]:                   0 ; 0x100: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[2]:                   0 ; 0x104: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[3]:                   0 ; 0x108: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[4]:                   0 ; 0x10c: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[5]:                   0 ; 0x110: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[6]:                   0 ; 0x114: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[7]:                   0 ; 0x118: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[8]:                   0 ; 0x11c: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[9]:                   0 ; 0x120: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[10]:                  0 ; 0x124: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[11]:                  0 ; 0x128: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[12]:                  0 ; 0x12c: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[13]:                  0 ; 0x130: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[14]:                  0 ; 0x134: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[15]:                  0 ; 0x138: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[16]:                  0 ; 0x13c: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[17]:                  0 ; 0x140: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[18]:                  0 ; 0x144: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[19]:                  0 ; 0x148: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[20]:                  0 ; 0x14c: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[21]:                  0 ; 0x150: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[22]:                  0 ; 0x154: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[23]:                  0 ; 0x158: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[24]:                  0 ; 0x15c: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[25]:                  0 ; 0x160: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[26]:                  0 ; 0x164: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[27]:                  0 ; 0x168: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[28]:                  0 ; 0x16c: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[29]:                  0 ; 0x170: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[30]:                  0 ; 0x174: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[31]:                  0 ; 0x178: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[32]:                  0 ; 0x17c: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[33]:                  0 ; 0x180: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[34]:                  0 ; 0x184: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[35]:                  0 ; 0x188: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[36]:                  0 ; 0x18c: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[37]:                  0 ; 0x190: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[38]:                  0 ; 0x194: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[39]:                  0 ; 0x198: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[40]:                  0 ; 0x19c: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[41]:                  0 ; 0x1a0: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[42]:                  0 ; 0x1a4: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[43]:                  0 ; 0x1a8: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[44]:                  0 ; 0x1ac: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[45]:                  0 ; 0x1b0: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[46]:                  0 ; 0x1b4: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[47]:                  0 ; 0x1b8: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[48]:                  0 ; 0x1bc: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[49]:                  0 ; 0x1c0: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[50]:                  0 ; 0x1c4: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[51]:                  0 ; 0x1c8: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[52]:                  0 ; 0x1cc: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.ub4spare[53]:                  0 ; 0x1d0: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.acdb.aba.seq:                  0 ; 0x1d4: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.acdb.aba.blk:                  0 ; 0x1d8: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.acdb.ents:                     0 ; 0x1dc: 0x0000
kfdhdb.acdb.ub2spare:                 0 ; 0x1de: 0x0000
[grid@rac1 backup_asmheader]$ kfed read /dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL4 text=vol4header.txt

破坏VOL3 ASM磁盘

[root@rac1 backup_asmheader]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb1 bs=4096 count=1
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
4096 bytes (4.1 kB) copied, 0.00165264 seconds, 2.5 MB/s

[grid@rac1 backup_asmheader]$ kfed read /dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL3
kfbh.endian:                          0 ; 0x000: 0x00
kfbh.hard:                            0 ; 0x001: 0x00
kfbh.type:                            0 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_INVALID
kfbh.datfmt:                          0 ; 0x003: 0x00
kfbh.block.blk:                       0 ; 0x004: blk=0
kfbh.block.obj:                       0 ; 0x008: file=0
kfbh.check:                           0 ; 0x00c: 0x00000000
kfbh.fcn.base:                        0 ; 0x010: 0x00000000
kfbh.fcn.wrap:                        0 ; 0x014: 0x00000000
kfbh.spare1:                          0 ; 0x018: 0x00000000
kfbh.spare2:                          0 ; 0x01c: 0x00000000
B4BFE200 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000  [................]
  Repeat 255 times
KFED-00322: Invalid content encountered during block traversal: [kfbtTraverseBlock][Invalid OSM block type][][0]

启动ASM

[grid@rac1 backup_asmheader]$ sqlplus / as sysoper

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue Apr 17 12:29:42 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup
ASM instance started
ORA-15032: not all alterations performed
ORA-15017: diskgroup "XIFENFEI" cannot be mounted
ORA-15063: ASM discovered an insufficient number of disks for diskgroup
"XIFENFEI"

恢复ASM DATE HEADER

--dd 恢复
[root@rac1 backup_asmheader]# dd if=vol3header.dd of=/dev/sdb1 bs=4096 count=1
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
4096 bytes (4.1 kB) copied, 0.00197913 seconds, 2.1 MB/s

--kfed 恢复
[grid@rac1 backup_asmheader]$ kfed merge /dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL3 text=vol3header.txt

MOUNT DISKGROUP

SQL> alter diskgroup xifenfei mount;

Diskgroup altered.

发表在 Oracle ASM, Oracle备份恢复 | 3 条评论

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