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最近发表
- ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [16703], [1403], [4] 原因
- 最近遇到几起ORA-600 16703故障(tab$被清空),请引起重视
- ORA-600 2662快速恢复之Patch scn工具
- TNS-12518: TNS:listener could not hand off client connection
- ora.storage无法启动报ORA-12514故障处理
- 断电引起文件scn异常数据库恢复
- ORA-16188: LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG settings inconsistent with previously started instance
- .[hudsonL@cock.li].mkp勒索加密数据库完美恢复
- 模拟带库实现rman远程备份
- 又一例:ORA-600 kclchkblk_4和2662故障
- Oracle误删除数据文件恢复
- Oracle 19C 备库DML重定向—DML Redirection
- ORA-01595/ORA-600 4194处理
- 从ORA-00283 ORA-16433报错开始恢复
- 近期又遇到ORA-600 16703和ORA-702故障
- RECOVER_YOUR_DATA勒索恢复
- ORA-01033: ORACLE initialization or shutdown in progress 故障处理
- Oracle 19c/21c最新patch信息-202401
- 存储故障,强制拉库报ORA-600 kcbzib_kcrsds_1处理
- ORA-600 kcrf_resilver_log_1故障处理
月归档:十二月 2012
ORACLE 12C varchar2支持32k长度字符串
在Oracle的以前版本中如果要存储超过4000byte的字符串需要使用clob字段,而lob本身操作就麻烦,而且效率不高。从12C开始Oracle提供了 VARCHAR2, NVARCHAR2, and RAW支持32k长度在字符串,大大提高了Oracle程序在处理4000到32k的字符串的处理效率.
数据库版本
SQL> select * from v$version; BANNER CON_ID -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.0.2 - 64bit 0 PL/SQL Release 12.1.0.0.2 0 CORE 12.1.0.0.2 0 TNS for Linux: Version 12.1.0.0.2 0 NLSRTL Version 12.1.0.0.2 0
max_sql_string_size参数
SQL> show parameter max_sql_string_size; NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ max_sql_string_size string LEGACY max_sql_string_size:controls maximum size of VARCHAR2, NVARCHAR2, and RAW types in SQL max_sql_string_size, must be from among EXTENDED, LEGACY
创建测试表
SQL> create table t_xifenfei(id number,name varchar2(4001)); create table t_xifenfei(id number,name varchar2(4001)) * ERROR at line 1: ORA-00910: specified length too long for its datatype SQL> create table t_xifenfei(id number,name varchar2(4000)); Table created. SQL> insert into t_xifenfei values(1,rpad('www.xifenfei.com',4000,0)); 1 row created. SQL> insert into t_xifenfei values(2,lpad('www.xifenfei.com',4009,0)); 1 row created. SQL> commit; Commit complete. SQL> select id,length(name) from t_xifenfei; ID LENGTH(NAME) ---------- ------------ 1 4000 2 4000 SQL> select id,substr(name,-10,10) from t_xifenfei; ID SUBSTR(NAME,-10,10) ---------- ---------------------------------------- 1 0000000000 2 fenfei.com SQL> select id,substr(name,3990) from t_xifenfei; ID SUBSTR(NAME,3990) ---------- -------------------------------------------- 1 00000000000 2 ifenfei.com
测试说明几点:
1.默认情况下varchar2长度不能超过4000
2.插入varchar2超过4000的字段(列长度为4000),自动被截断
修改max_sql_string_size参数
SQL> alter system set max_sql_string_size='EXTENDED'; alter system set max_sql_string_size='EXTENDED' * ERROR at line 1: ORA-02097: parameter cannot be modified because specified value is invalid ORA-02096: specified initialization parameter is not modifiable with this option SQL> alter system set max_sql_string_size='EXTENDED' scope=spfile; System altered.
执行utl32k.sql脚本
SQL> shutdown immediate; Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup upgrade; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 313159680 bytes Fixed Size 2259912 bytes Variable Size 243270712 bytes Database Buffers 62914560 bytes Redo Buffers 4714496 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utl32k.sql --包含编译无效对象 QL> shutdown immediate Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 313159680 bytes Fixed Size 2259912 bytes Variable Size 251659320 bytes Database Buffers 54525952 bytes Redo Buffers 4714496 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> show parameter max_sql_string_size; NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ---------------- max_sql_string_size string EXTENDED
测试varchar2(32767)
SQL> conn xff/xifenfei Connected. SQL> create table t_xifenfei_1(id number,name varchar2(32768)); create table t_xifenfei_1(id number,name varchar2(32768)) * ERROR at line 1: ORA-00910: specified length too long for its datatype SQL> create table t_xifenfei_extend(id number,name varchar2(32767)); Table created. SQL> insert into t_xifenfei_extend values(3,lpad('www.xifenfei.com',32767,0)); 1 row created. SQL> commit; Commit complete. SQL> select id,substr(name,-10,10) from t_xifenfei_extend; ID SUBSTR(NAME,-10,10) ---------- ---------------------------------------- 3 fenfei.com SQL> select id,substr(name,32760) from t_xifenfei_extend; ID SUBSTR(NAME,32760) ---------- -------------------------------- 3 nfei.com SQL> select id,length(name) from t_xifenfei_extend; ID LENGTH(NAME) ---------- ------------ 3 32767
Oracle 12C支持字符串32K处理过程
1.修改max_sql_string_size=’EXTENDED’
2.重启数据库至upgrade状态
3.执行@?/rdbms/admin/utl32k.sql
4.重启数据库至正常open状态
dcli完成多节点对等ssh配置
dcli是Python脚本,可以实现在多节点中的之间非交换命令的执行,因为dcli执行需要通过ssh来实现,所以dcli也提供了ssh配置功能.本文通过dcli来完成多节点间的对等ssh配置
dcli整体描述
The dcli utility runs commands on multiple cells in parallel threads. However, it does not support an interactive session with a remote application on a cell. To use the dcli utility, copy the utility from the bin directory on a cell to a host computer from which central management can be performed. You can issue a command to be run on multiple cells, or use files that can be copied to cells and then run. The cells are referenced by their domain name or IP address. The dcli utility requires Python version 2.3 or later. You can determine the version of Python by running the python -V command. In addition, use of this tool assumes prior setup of SSH user-equivalence to a cell. You can use the dcli utility initially with the -k option to set up SSH user-equivalence to a cell.
dcli使用说明
[xifenfei@db1 ~]$ dcli Error: No command specified. usage: dcli [options] [command] options: --version show program's version number and exit -c CELLS comma-separated list of cells -d DESTFILE destination directory or file -f FILE file to be copied -g GROUPFILE file containing list of cells -h, --help show help message and exit -k push ssh key to cell's authorized_keys file -l USERID user to login as on remote cells (default: celladmin) -n abbreviate non-error output -r REGEXP abbreviate output lines matching a regular expression -s SSHOPTIONS string of options passed through to ssh --scp=SCPOPTIONS string of options passed through to scp if different from sshoptions -t list target cells -v print extra messages to stdout --vmstat=VMSTATOPS vmstat command options -x EXECFILE file to be copied and executed
服务器相关ip配置
[xifenfei@db1 ~]$ more xifenfei.txt 192.168.30.10 192.168.30.20 192.168.30.30 [xifenfei@db1 ~]$ more /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost 192.168.30.30 db1 192.168.30.10 cell1 192.168.30.20 cell2
操作系统用户
说明:dcli配置对等ssh不需要uid完全一样,不需要用户密码完全一样,因为是双向对等,需要用户名一致
[root@cell2 ~]# id xifenfei uid=8001(xifenfei) gid=8001(xifenfei) groups=8001(xifenfei) [root@cell1 ~]# id xifenfei uid=8001(xifenfei) gid=8001(xifenfei) groups=8001(xifenfei) [root@db1 ~]# id xifenfei uid=8001(xifenfei) gid=8001(xifenfei) groups=8001(xifenfei)
db1节点配置ssh
[xifenfei@db1 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t dsa Generating public/private dsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/home/xifenfei/.ssh/id_dsa): Created directory '/home/xifenfei/.ssh'. Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /home/xifenfei/.ssh/id_dsa. Your public key has been saved in /home/xifenfei/.ssh/id_dsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: 63:95:13:ba:4a:4c:13:93:67:7f:4f:e8:18:13:3c:4f xifenfei@db1 [xifenfei@db1 ~]$ dcli -k -g xifenfei.txt -l xifenfei The authenticity of host '192.168.30.10 (192.168.30.10)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is 1b:b6:91:11:58:89:b1:6a:c6:eb:72:df:68:d4:dd:5b. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes xifenfei@192.168.30.10's password: The authenticity of host '192.168.30.20 (192.168.30.20)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is 1b:b6:91:11:58:89:b1:6a:c6:eb:72:df:68:d4:dd:5b. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes xifenfei@192.168.30.20's password: The authenticity of host '192.168.30.30 (192.168.30.30)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is 54:ea:84:ae:38:24:07:31:9f:dd:8a:8b:4b:c2:a8:fe. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes xifenfei@192.168.30.30's password: 192.168.30.10: Warning: Permanently added '192.168.30.10' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. 192.168.30.10: ssh key added 192.168.30.20: Warning: Permanently added '192.168.30.20' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. 192.168.30.20: ssh key added 192.168.30.30: Warning: Permanently added '192.168.30.30' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. 192.168.30.30: ssh key added [xifenfei@db1 ~]$ for host in `cat xifenfei.txt` > do > scp /home/xifenfei/.ssh/id_dsa.pub ${host}:/home/xifenfei/.ssh/authorized_keys > done id_dsa.pub 100% 602 0.6KB/s 00:00 id_dsa.pub 100% 602 0.6KB/s 00:00 id_dsa.pub 100% 602 0.6KB/s 00:00 [xifenfei@db1 ~]$ dcli -g xifenfei.txt -l xifenfei "chmod -R 700 /home/xifenfei/.ssh" [xifenfei@db1 ~]$ dcli -g xifenfei.txt -l xifenfei "chown -R xifenfei /home/xifenfei/.ssh" [xifenfei@db1 ~]$ ssh 192.168.30.30 Last login: Tue Dec 25 07:45:17 2012 from 192.168.30.30 [xifenfei@db1 ~]$ ssh 192.168.30.20 Last login: Tue Dec 25 19:17:30 2012 from 192.168.30.10 [xifenfei@db1 ~]$ ssh 192.168.30.10 Last login: Tue Dec 25 20:17:20 2012 from 192.168.30.20 --ssh为单向,正向可以ssh成功,逆向需要输入密码 [xifenfei@db1 ~]$ ssh 192.168.30.10 xifenfei@192.168.30.10's password:
拷贝ip文件到其他节点
[xifenfei@db1 ~]$ for host in `cat xifenfei.txt` > do > scp /home/xifenfei/xifenfei.txt ${host}:/home/xifenfei/xifenfei.txt > done xifenfei.txt 100% 42 0.0KB/s 00:00 xifenfei.txt 100% 42 0.0KB/s 00:00 scp: /home/xifenfei/xifenfei.txt: Permission denied --自身节点不能拷贝
cell1节点配置
[xifenfei@cell1 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t dsa Generating public/private dsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/home/xifenfei/.ssh/id_dsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /home/xifenfei/.ssh/id_dsa. Your public key has been saved in /home/xifenfei/.ssh/id_dsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: f2:b6:88:5c:c6:97:5e:38:c2:df:f1:58:49:8a:8d:90 xifenfei@cell1 [xifenfei@cell1 ~]$ dcli -k -g xifenfei.txt -l xifenfei The authenticity of host '192.168.30.10 (192.168.30.10)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is 1b:b6:91:11:58:89:b1:6a:c6:eb:72:df:68:d4:dd:5b. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes xifenfei@192.168.30.10's password: xifenfei@192.168.30.20's password: xifenfei@192.168.30.30's password: 192.168.30.10: Warning: Permanently added '192.168.30.10' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. 192.168.30.10: ssh key added 192.168.30.20: ssh key added 192.168.30.30: ssh key added [xifenfei@cell1 ~]$ ssh 192.168.30.30 Last login: Tue Dec 25 07:48:24 2012 from 192.168.30.30 --cell1 to cell2 正向成功,逆向失败 [xifenfei@cell1 ~]$ ssh 192.168.30.20 Last login: Tue Dec 25 19:23:42 2012 from 192.168.30.30 [xifenfei@cell2 ~]$ ssh 192.168.30.10 xifenfei@192.168.30.10's password: --cell1和db1正逆向均可以ssh [xifenfei@cell1 ~]$ ssh 192.168.30.30 Last login: Tue Dec 25 20:24:15 2012 from 192.168.30.30 [xifenfei@db1 ~]$ ssh 192.168.30.10 Last login: Tue Dec 25 20:27:27 2012 from 192.168.30.10
cell2节点配置
[xifenfei@cell2 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t dsa Generating public/private dsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/home/xifenfei/.ssh/id_dsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /home/xifenfei/.ssh/id_dsa. Your public key has been saved in /home/xifenfei/.ssh/id_dsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: 87:80:02:e1:27:b8:d0:af:c0:5f:e0:f3:5e:95:29:cb xifenfei@cell2 [xifenfei@cell2 ~]$ dcli -k -g xifenfei.txt -l xifenfei The authenticity of host '192.168.30.10 (192.168.30.10)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is 1b:b6:91:11:58:89:b1:6a:c6:eb:72:df:68:d4:dd:5b. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes xifenfei@192.168.30.10's password: The authenticity of host '192.168.30.20 (192.168.30.20)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is 1b:b6:91:11:58:89:b1:6a:c6:eb:72:df:68:d4:dd:5b. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes xifenfei@192.168.30.20's password: The authenticity of host '192.168.30.30 (192.168.30.30)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is 54:ea:84:ae:38:24:07:31:9f:dd:8a:8b:4b:c2:a8:fe. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes xifenfei@192.168.30.30's password: 192.168.30.10: Warning: Permanently added '192.168.30.10' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. 192.168.30.10: ssh key added 192.168.30.20: Warning: Permanently added '192.168.30.20' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. 192.168.30.20: ssh key added 192.168.30.30: Warning: Permanently added '192.168.30.30' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. 192.168.30.30: ssh key added --ssh测试 [xifenfei@cell2 ~]$ ssh 192.168.30.10 Last login: Tue Dec 25 20:11:02 2012 from 192.168.30.30 [xifenfei@cell2 ~]$ ssh 192.168.30.30 Last login: Tue Dec 25 07:53:27 2012 from cell1 [xifenfei@cell2 ~]$ ssh 192.168.30.20 Last login: Tue Dec 25 19:30:16 2012 from 192.168.30.10
ssh等效性测试汇总
--db1节点 [xifenfei@db1 ~]$ ssh 192.168.30.10 Last login: Tue Dec 25 20:30:24 2012 from 192.168.30.20 [xifenfei@db1 ~]$ ssh 192.168.30.20 Last login: Tue Dec 25 19:33:07 2012 from 192.168.30.20 [xifenfei@db1 ~]$ ssh 192.168.30.30 Last login: Tue Dec 25 07:57:56 2012 from cell2 --cell1节点 [xifenfei@cell1 ~]$ ssh 192.168.30.20 Last login: Tue Dec 25 19:34:05 2012 from 192.168.30.30 [xifenfei@cell1 ~]$ ssh 192.168.30.30 Last login: Tue Dec 25 07:59:29 2012 from 192.168.30.30 [xifenfei@cell1 ~]$ ssh 192.168.30.10 Last login: Tue Dec 25 20:33:59 2012 from 192.168.30.30 --cell2节点 [xifenfei@cell2 ~]$ ssh 192.168.30.10 Last login: Tue Dec 25 20:35:42 2012 from 192.168.30.10 [xifenfei@cell2 ~]$ ssh 192.168.30.30 Last login: Tue Dec 25 08:00:56 2012 from cell1 [xifenfei@cell2 ~]$ ssh 192.168.30.20 Last login: Tue Dec 25 19:35:31 2012 from 192.168.30.10
到此证明三个节点之间的xifenfei用户的ssh等效配置完成,实现使用dcli完成多节点ssh等效配置
整体处理思路总结
1.确定需要配置ssh用户 --第一节点 2.编辑需要配置ssh等效连接ip列表 3.ssh-keygen -t dsa 4.dcli -k -g xifenfei.txt -l xifenfei 5. for host in `cat xifenfei.txt` do scp /home/xifenfei/.ssh/id_dsa.pub ${host}:/home/xifenfei/.ssh/authorized_keys done 6.dcli -g xifenfei.txt -l xifenfei "chmod -R 700 /home/xifenfei/.ssh" 7.dcli -g xifenfei.txt -l xifenfei "chown -R xifenfei /home/xifenfei/.ssh" 8. for host in `cat xifenfei.txt` do scp /home/xifenfei/xifenfei.txt ${host}:/home/xifenfei/xifenfei.txt done --其他节点 9. ssh-keygen -t dsa 10. dcli -k -g xifenfei.txt -l xifenfei
cellcli命令简介
cellcli用途描述
The CellCLI utility is the command-line administration tool for Exadata Cell. CellCLI runs on each cell to enable you to manage an individual cell. You use CellCLI to start and stop the cell, to manage cell configuration information, to enable or disable cells, and to manage objects in the cell environment. The command-line utility is already installed when Exadata Cell is shipped.
cellcli语法
cellcli [port_number] [-n] [-m] [-xml] [-v | -vv | -vvv] [-x] [-e command]
cellcli登录
[root@cell2 ~]# cellcli CellCLI: Release 11.2.1.2.0 - Production on Tue Dec 25 16:07:01 PST 2012 Copyright (c) 2007, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. Cell Efficiency Ratio: 24M CellCLI>
cellcli help
CellCLI> help HELP [topic] Available Topics: ALTER ALTER ALERTHISTORY ALTER CELL ALTER CELLDISK ALTER GRIDDISK ALTER IORMPLAN ALTER LUN ALTER THRESHOLD ASSIGN KEY CALIBRATE CREATE CREATE CELL CREATE CELLDISK CREATE FLASHCACHE CREATE GRIDDISK CREATE KEY CREATE THRESHOLD DESCRIBE DROP DROP ALERTHISTORY DROP CELL DROP CELLDISK DROP FLASHCACHE DROP GRIDDISK DROP THRESHOLD EXPORT CELLDISK IMPORT CELLDISK LIST LIST ACTIVEREQUEST LIST ALERTDEFINITION LIST ALERTHISTORY LIST CELL LIST CELLDISK LIST FLASHCACHE LIST FLASHCACHECONTENT LIST GRIDDISK LIST IORMPLAN LIST KEY LIST LUN LIST METRICCURRENT LIST METRICDEFINITION LIST METRICHISTORY LIST PHYSICALDISK LIST THRESHOLD SET SPOOL START CellCLI> help list Enter HELP LIST <object_type> for specific help syntax. <object_type>: {ACTIVEREQUEST | ALERTHISTORY | ALERTDEFINITION | CELL | CELLDISK | FASHCACHE | FLASHCACHECONTENT | GRIDDISK | IORMPLAN | KEY | LUN | METRICCURRENT | METRICDEFINITION | METRICHISTORY | PHYSICALDISK | THRESHOLD } CellCLI> help list PHYSICALDISK Usage: LIST PHYSICALDISK [<name> | <filters>] [<attribute_list>] [DETAIL] Purpose: Displays specified attributes for physical disks. Arguments: <name>: The name of the physical disk to be displayed. <filters>: an expression which determines which physical disks should be displayed. <attribute_list>: The attributes that are to be displayed. ATTRIBUTES {ALL | attr1 [, attr2]... } Options: [DETAIL]: Formats the display as an attribute on each line, with an attribute descriptor preceding each value. Examples: LIST PHYSICALDISK DETAIL
cellcli describe
CellCLI> DESCRIBE PHYSICALDISK name ctrlFirmware ctrlHwVersion deviceId diskType enclosureDeviceId errCmdTimeoutCount errHardReadCount errHardWriteCount errMediaCount errOtherCount errSeekCount errorCount foreignState hotPlugCount id lastFailureReason luns makeModel notPresentSince physicalFirmware physicalInsertTime physicalInterface physicalPort physicalRPM physicalSerial physicalSize physicalUseType sectorRemapCount slotNumber status
cellcli list
CellCLI> LIST PHYSICALDISK attributes name ,physicalSize /opt/oracle/cell11.2.1.2.0_LINUX_091102/disks/raw/FLASH01 450M /opt/oracle/cell11.2.1.2.0_LINUX_091102/disks/raw/FLASH02 450M /opt/oracle/cell11.2.1.2.0_LINUX_091102/disks/raw/FLASH03 450M /opt/oracle/cell11.2.1.2.0_LINUX_091102/disks/raw/FLASH04 450M /opt/oracle/cell11.2.1.2.0_LINUX_091102/disks/raw/disk01 450M /opt/oracle/cell11.2.1.2.0_LINUX_091102/disks/raw/disk02 450M /opt/oracle/cell11.2.1.2.0_LINUX_091102/disks/raw/disk03 450M /opt/oracle/cell11.2.1.2.0_LINUX_091102/disks/raw/disk04 450M /opt/oracle/cell11.2.1.2.0_LINUX_091102/disks/raw/disk05 450M /opt/oracle/cell11.2.1.2.0_LINUX_091102/disks/raw/disk06 450M /opt/oracle/cell11.2.1.2.0_LINUX_091102/disks/raw/disk07 450M /opt/oracle/cell11.2.1.2.0_LINUX_091102/disks/raw/disk08 450M /opt/oracle/cell11.2.1.2.0_LINUX_091102/disks/raw/disk09 450M /opt/oracle/cell11.2.1.2.0_LINUX_091102/disks/raw/disk10 450M /opt/oracle/cell11.2.1.2.0_LINUX_091102/disks/raw/disk11 450M /opt/oracle/cell11.2.1.2.0_LINUX_091102/disks/raw/disk12 450M CellCLI> LIST PHYSICALDISK attributes name ,physicalSize where name like '.*FLASH.*' /opt/oracle/cell11.2.1.2.0_LINUX_091102/disks/raw/FLASH01 450M /opt/oracle/cell11.2.1.2.0_LINUX_091102/disks/raw/FLASH02 450M /opt/oracle/cell11.2.1.2.0_LINUX_091102/disks/raw/FLASH03 450M /opt/oracle/cell11.2.1.2.0_LINUX_091102/disks/raw/FLASH04 450M
attributes后面可以加上对应的属性,”.*”表示通配符
这里通过help和describe来实现cellcli的基本操作,这里只是提供了一种处理问题的思路,通过help操作来完成cellcli的基本操作.
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