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	<title>惜分飞 &#187; dul bootstrap</title>
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		<title>dul无法加载bootstrap实现unload table/user恢复</title>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 28 Sep 2016 11:17:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[惜分飞]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[非常规恢复]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[dul bootstrap]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[DUL: Error: No compatibility segments found]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[system 删除恢复]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[数据文件重组]]></category>

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<p>联系：<a href="https://www.xifenfei.com/about_xifenfei" target="_blank">手机/微信(+86 17813235971)   QQ(107644445)</a><a target="_blank" href="http://wpa.qq.com/msgrd?v=3&#038;uin=107644445&#038;site=qq&#038;menu=yes"><img src="https://www.xifenfei.com/wp-content/themes/img/site_qq.jpg" alt="QQ咨询惜分飞" title="QQ咨询惜分飞"/></a></p>
<p>标题：<a href="https://www.xifenfei.com/2016/09/dul-bootstrap-error-unload-table.html" target="_blank">dul无法加载bootstrap实现unload table/user恢复</a></p>
<p>作者：<a href="https://www.xifenfei.com" target="_blank">惜分飞</a>©版权所有[未经本人同意,不得以任何形式转载,否则有进一步追究法律责任的权利.]</p>
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<p>最近有朋友误操作引起了非常大的事故,差点吃了官司.在做数据库迁移的时候,远程误操作删除了原库的system等几个数据库初始安装的文件,而且该磁盘空间使用率非常高,还有少量写入.最后结果比较悲剧,通过文件系统层面无法直接恢复出来数据文件,而且该库无任何有效备份,又没有表名,列名等信息,无奈之下只能通过底层io block重组来恢复数据文件,可是悲剧又一次发生,这个磁盘上以前也有一份system等文件,最后经过多方重组恢复出来一份相对理想的数据文件.但是第三方公司通过这样重组出来的数据文件和未被删除的业务文件恢复出来的数据大量有问题，依旧需要我们进一步分析恢复处理.这篇文章主要描述了dul在无法加载bootstrap命令之后通过一些方法依旧可以正常使用unload table/user 等命令实现数据尽可能恢复.你要知道几百张表没有表名/列名要把他们区分出来那是什么样的工作量……<br />
<strong>在dul中配置system文件</strong></p>
<pre class="brush: bash; title: ; notranslate">
D:\xifenfei\system01.dbf

D:\TEMP\recover\dul\bak&gt;dul

Data UnLoader: 11.2.0.0.4 - Internal Only - on Wed Sep 28 17:01:56 2016
with 64-bit io functions

Copyright (c) 1994 2016 Bernard van Duijnen All rights reserved.

 Strictly Oracle Internal Use Only


DUL&gt; show datafiles;
Sorry, no valid data files found in control.txt
</pre>
<p>使用默认的dul中数据文件配置方法，让dul自己发现数据文件方法不可行<br />
<br />
<strong>随意表空间号和文件号dul识别</strong></p>
<pre class="brush: bash; title: ; notranslate">
0 0 D:\xifenfei\system01.dbf

D:\TEMP\recover\dul\bak&gt;dul

Data UnLoader: 11.2.0.0.4 - Internal Only - on Wed Sep 28 17:00:27 2016
with 64-bit io functions

Copyright (c) 1994 2016 Bernard van Duijnen All rights reserved.

 Strictly Oracle Internal Use Only



DUL: Warning: File Type mismatch 1 != 8
DUL: Warning: D:\xifenfei\system01.dbf Header tablespace number 3
!= 0
DUL: Warning: D:\xifenfei\system01.dbf Header relative file number 1 != 0
Found db_id = 2948357999
Found db_name = XIFENFEI
DUL: Warning: Found mismatch while checking file D:\xifenfei\system01.dbf
DUL: Warning: DUL osd_parameter or control.dul configuration error
DUL: Warning: Given file number(0) in control file does not match file# in dba(1)
</pre>
<p>通过这个识别我们可以知道system的表空间号为3,文件号为1<br />
<br />
<strong>再次配置system让dul识别</strong></p>
<pre class="brush: bash; title: ; notranslate">
3 1 D:\xifenfei\system01.dbf
D:\TEMP\recover\dul\bak&gt;dul

Data UnLoader: 11.2.0.0.4 - Internal Only - on Wed Sep 28 17:03:46 2016
with 64-bit io functions

Copyright (c) 1994 2016 Bernard van Duijnen All rights reserved.

 Strictly Oracle Internal Use Only



DUL: Warning: File Type mismatch 1 != 8
Found db_id = 2948357999
Found db_name = XIFENFEI
DUL&gt; show datafiles;
ts# rf# start   blocks offs open  err file name
  3   1     0   320257    0    1    0 D:\xifenfei\system01.dbf
</pre>
<p>dul正常识别出来system文件但是根据经验我们知道tablespace 3肯定是有问题的，因此后续操作依旧问题非常多<br />
<br />
<strong>尝试dul bootstrap恢复失败</strong></p>
<pre class="brush: bash; title: ; notranslate">
DUL&gt; bootstrap;
Scanning SYSTEM tablespace to locate compatibility segment ...
DUL: Warning: No files found for tablespace 0
Reading EXT.dat 0 entries loaded and sorted 0 entries
Reading SEG.dat 0 entries loaded
Reading COMPATSEG.dat 0 entries loaded
Reading SCANNEDLOBPAGE.dat 0 entries loaded and sorted 0 entries
DUL: Error: No compatibility segments found
</pre>
<p>由于表空间号错误,dul无法加载到bootstrap$表,另外根据bbed分析恢复出来的system文件中bootstrap$这部分丢失<br />
<br />
<strong>尝试人工加载dul所需数据字典</strong></p>
<pre class="brush: bash; title: ; notranslate">
DUL&gt; unload table OBJ$ 
  2     storage ( tablespace 3 segobjno 18 file 1 block 240);
. unloading table                      OBJ$   79074 rows unloaded

DUL&gt; unload table TAB$( OBJ# number, DATAOBJ# number,
  2      cluster  C_OBJ#(OBJ#)
  3      storage ( tablespace 3 segobjno 2 tabno 1 file 1 block 144);
. unloading table                      TAB$    4482 rows unloaded

DUL&gt; unload table COL$ ( OBJ# number, COL# number , SEGCOL# number,
  2      cluster C_OBJ#(OBJ#)
  3      storage ( tablespace 3 segobjno 2 tabno 5 file 1 block 144);
. unloading table                      COL$  114491 rows unloaded

DUL&gt; unload table USER$
  2      cluster C_USER#(USER#)
  3      storage ( tablespace 3 segobjno 10 tabno 1 file 1 block 208);
. unloading table                     USER$      96 rows unloaded

----其他表省略,根据需要的依次处理
</pre>
<p><strong>尝试使用dul恢复数据</strong></p>
<pre class="brush: bash; title: ; notranslate">
DUL&gt; desc portal_emr.BASEELEMENT;
Table PORTAL_EMR.BASEELEMENT
obj#= 87200, dataobj#= 87200, ts#= 9, file#= 7, block#=458
      tab#= 0, segcols= 8, clucols= 0
Column information:
icol# 01 segcol# 01       BENAME len   30 type  1 VARCHAR2 cs 852(ZHS16GBK)
icol# 02 segcol# 02     TYPENAME len   30 type  1 VARCHAR2 cs 852(ZHS16GBK)
icol# 03 segcol# 03     TYPETYPE len   22 type  2 NUMBER(0,0)
icol# 04 segcol# 04    BEXMLTEXT len 4000 type  1 VARCHAR2 cs 852(ZHS16GBK)
icol# 05 segcol# 05 DEPTGROUPCODE len   30 type  1 VARCHAR2 cs 852(ZHS16GBK)
icol# 06 segcol# 06     ISCOMMON len   22 type  2 NUMBER(0,0)
icol# 07 segcol# 07      BESPELL len   15 type  1 VARCHAR2 cs 852(ZHS16GBK)
icol# 08 segcol# 08     ELEMTYPE len   22 type  2 NUMBER(0)

DUL&gt; show datafiles;
ts# rf# start   blocks offs open  err file name
  3   1     0   320257    0    1    0 D:\xifenfei\system01.dbf
  9   7     0  4170425    0    1    0 D:\BaiduYunDownload\PORTAL_EMR

DUL&gt; unload table portal_emr.BASEELEMENT;
. unloading table               BASEELEMENT    1913 rows unloaded
</pre>
<p>这里描述了在dul无法加载bootstrap命令之后,通过人工加载数据字典实现正常的unload table/user功能,丢弃了一般处理思路中的只能通过scan 然后unload没有表名,列名的处理方法,从而实现了恢复的最大化.<br />
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