年归档：2016

有朋友找到我,他有客户库大量坏块,需要我们提供支持,因为这个库里面含有大量的存储过程,包等,要求数据要直接导出,不能使用工具挖.
dbv检查system大量坏块

DBVERIFY: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 星期二 11月 22 17:17:51 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.


DBVERIFY - 开始验证: FILE = h:\oracle\system01.dbf
页 4543 流入 - 很可能是介质损坏
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x004011bf (file 1, block 4543)
Fractured block found during dbv: 
Data in bad block:
 type: 0 format: 2 rdba: 0x004011bf
 last change scn: 0x0000.00000000 seq: 0x1 flg: 0x05
 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
 consistency value in tail: 0x7641344a
 check value in block header: 0xb6ff
 computed block checksum: 0x797

页 4544 标记为损坏
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x004011c0 (file 1, block 4544)
Bad header found during dbv: 
Data in bad block:
 type: 71 format: 3 rdba: 0x754e362f
 last change scn: 0x7a37.6d424862 seq: 0x39 flg: 0x32
 spare1: 0x35 spare2: 0x32 spare3: 0x3931
 consistency value in tail: 0x7638356c
 check value in block header: 0x4856
 block checksum disabled
 …………
页 4613 标记为损坏
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x00401205 (file 1, block 4613)
Bad header found during dbv: 
Data in bad block:
 type: 97 format: 7 rdba: 0x79634449
 last change scn: 0x4364.77426a4c seq: 0x41 flg: 0x35
 spare1: 0x34 spare2: 0x36 spare3: 0x7734
 consistency value in tail: 0x505a4550
 check value in block header: 0x434d
 computed block checksum: 0x6f3f

页 4614 标记为损坏
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x00401206 (file 1, block 4614)
Completely zero block found during dbv: 
…………
页 5125 标记为损坏
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x00401405 (file 1, block 5125)
Completely zero block found during dbv: 


DBVERIFY - 验证完成

检查的页总数: 124160
处理的页总数 (数据): 90745
失败的页总数 (数据): 0
处理的页总数 (索引): 14417
失败的页总数 (索引): 0
处理的页总数 (其他): 3323
处理的总页数 (段)  : 1
失败的总页数 (段)  : 0
空的页总数: 15092
标记为损坏的总页数: 583
流入的页总数: 5
加密的总页数        : 0
最高块 SCN            : 1417256245 (2.1417256245)

这里比较明显，一共583个坏块，而且是连续坏块(5125-4543+1)

尝试启动数据库

--直接尝试打开数据库
SQL> RECOVER DATABASE;
完成介质恢复。
SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 2
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 1, block # 4575)
ORA-01110: data file 1: 'H:\ORACLE\SYSTEM01.DBF'
进程 ID: 2572
会话 ID: 85 序列号: 1

--跳过坏块event打开库
SQL> startup mount pfile='h:/oracle/pfile.txt'
ORACLE 例程已经启动。

Total System Global Area 2137886720 bytes
Fixed Size                  2282944 bytes
Variable Size             520096320 bytes
Database Buffers         1610612736 bytes
Redo Buffers                4894720 bytes
数据库装载完毕。
SQL> show parameter event;

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
event                                string      43810 trace name context forev
                                                 er, level 10, 10231 trace name
                                                  context forever, level 10, 10
                                                 232 trace name context forever
                                                 , level 10, 10233 trace name c
                                                 ontext forever, level 10, 1004
                                                 1 trace name context forever,
                                                 level 10
xml_db_events                        string      enable
SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-01113: 文件 1 需要介质恢复
ORA-01110: 数据文件 1: 'H:\ORACLE\SYSTEM01.DBF'


SQL> recover database;
完成介质恢复。
SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kokiasg1], [], [], [], [], [], [],
[], [], [], [], []
进程 ID: 9316
会话 ID: 4 序列号: 3

--upgrade方式打开数据库
SQL> startup mount pfile='h:/oracle/pfile.txt'
ORACLE 例程已经启动。

Total System Global Area 2137886720 bytes
Fixed Size                  2282944 bytes
Variable Size             520096320 bytes
Database Buffers         1610612736 bytes
Redo Buffers                4894720 bytes
数据库装载完毕。
SQL> alter database open upgrade
  2  ;
alter database open upgrade
*
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kokiasg1], [], [], [], [], [], [],
[], [], [], [], []
进程 ID: 7976
会话 ID: 4 序列号: 3

至此数据库在这种坏块情况下，正常打开相当渺茫,因为报错的这些block 都是非常靠前的,也就是说这个里面很多块在数据库创建好的时候就已经在了(特别是通过模板创建的数据库,这些部分很可能都是固定的),考虑使用其他库的block来替代这些坏块,然后尝试打开库

修复坏块

[oracle@app101-20 ~]$ dd if=/Data/oracle/oradata/txlhdb/system01.dbf of=/tmp/1.dbf skip=4543 bs=8192 count=583
583+0 records in
583+0 records out
4775936 bytes (4.8 MB) copied, 0.0533578 s, 89.5 MB/s

H:\oracle>dd if=d:/temp/1.dbf of=h:\oracle\system01.dbf seek=4543 bs=8192 count=583 conv=notrun
rawwrite dd for windows version 0.6beta3.
Written by John Newbigin <jn@it.swin.edu.au>
This program is covered by terms of the GPL Version 2.

notrun
583+0 records in
583+0 records out

H:\oracle>dbv file=system01.dbf

DBVERIFY: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 星期二 11月 22 20:17:51 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

DBVERIFY - 开始验证: FILE = H:\ORACLE\SYSTEM01.DBF


DBVERIFY - 验证完成

检查的页总数: 124160
处理的页总数 (数据): 90761
失败的页总数 (数据): 0
处理的页总数 (索引): 14479
失败的页总数 (索引): 0
处理的页总数 (其他): 3393
处理的总页数 (段)  : 1
失败的总页数 (段)  : 0
空的页总数: 15527
标记为损坏的总页数: 0
流入的页总数: 0
加密的总页数        : 0
最高块 SCN            : 295310052 (11.295310052)

再次尝试打开数据库

C:\Users\XIFENFEI>sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on 星期二 11月 22 20:18:19 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

已连接到空闲例程。

SQL> startup mount pfile='h:/oracle/pfile.txt';
ORACLE 例程已经启动。

Total System Global Area 2137886720 bytes
Fixed Size                  2282944 bytes
Variable Size             520096320 bytes
Database Buffers         1610612736 bytes
Redo Buffers                4894720 bytes
数据库装载完毕。
SQL> recover database;
完成介质恢复。
SQL> alter database open;

数据库已更改。

后续错误ORA-04023处理

C:\Users\XIFENFEI>exp "'/ as sysdba'" owner=XIFENFEI file=d:/full_xff.dmp lo
g=d:/full_xff.log   FEEDBACK=10000  COMPRESS=NO BUFFER=102400000 STATISTICS=none


Export: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 星期二 11月 22 20:20:27 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.


连接到: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Produc
tion
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
EXP-00056: 遇到 ORACLE 错误 4023
ORA-04023: 无法验证或授权对象 SELECT xdb_uid FROM SYS.EXU9XDBUID
EXP-00000: 导出终止失败

数据库所有视图无法查询,通过直接对基表user$,obj$,view$等表查询出来视图信息,然后直接编译,然后数据可以完美导出,完成本次恢复

SQL> select 'alter view '||b.name||'.'||c.name||'  compile;'
  2  from view$ a,user$ b,obj$ c
  3  where a.obj#=c.obj#
  4  and c.owner#=b.user#;