月归档:八月 2013

ORACLE db top 命令(oratop)

oracle 也推出来了数据库的top命令,叫做oratap,是使用c语言写的,目前只支持linux x86与x64的11gR2与12cR1
使用说明

[oracle@xifenfei tmp]$ ./oratap  -h

oratop: Release 13.2.4

Usage: 

         oratop [ [Options] [Logon] ]

         Logon:
                {username[/password][@connect_identifier] | / }
                [AS {SYSDBA|SYSOPER}]

         Options:
             -i : Interval Delay (requires value in seconds, default: 3s)
             -f : Long format for header & section 4 (default: 80 column)
             -r : IORL mode for Section 2 (default is IOPS)
             -d : Real-Time Top 5 Wait Events (default: Cumulative)
             -m : MODULE/ACTION mode for Section 4 (default: USER/PROGRAM_NAME)
             -b : Batch mode
             -n : maximum number of iterations (requires number)
             -h : Help

使用说明
1. Log in to the system as the Oracle RDBMS software installation owner
2. Stage the oratop executable on the server on which the tool will be executed. On a RAC system it is only necessary to stage the executable on one node as it is RAC aware.
3. Change the name of the executable, eg.

$ mv oratop* oratop

4. Validate the permissions for oratop are 755 (-rwxr-xr-x). If the permissions are not currently set to 755, set the permissions on oratop as follows:

$ chmod 755 oratop

5. Configure the execution environment as follows (if not already set accordingly)

$ export TERM=xterm #or vt100
$ export ORACLE_HOME=<11.2 database home>
$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
$ export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
$ export ORACLE_SID=<local 11.2 database SID to be monitored> #only needed if connecting to a local database

6. Invoke the tool to monitor a local database as follows (interval can be any interval in seconds):

$ ./oratop -i 10 / as sysdba

7. Non-dba privileged user requires specific grants to use the tool. See User Guide for grants required.
8. Databases can be monitored remotely using a tns alias as described in the oratop Users Guide .

$ ./oratop -i 10 username/password@tns_alias
$ ./oratop -i 10 system/manager@tns_alias

9. To exit the program simply press the keyboard key “q”. To abort, CTRL-C.
Troubleshooting:
If you receive an error similar to
./oratop: error while loading shared libraries: libclntsh.so.11.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory that is an indication that libclntsh.so.11.1 was not found in the path defined in LD_LIBRARY_PATH similar to

$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib (ie., the location of libclntsh.so.11.1)

使用效果

[oracle@xifenfei tmp]$ ./oratap  -i 10 chf/xifenfei@ora11g_p

oratop: Release 13.2.4 Production on Mon Aug 26 03:10:17 2013

Copyright (c) 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Processing ...


oratop 1:  148 ora1 03:10:13 up  3.3m,  1 ins, 301M mt,   3 sn,  1 us,   6% db
ID %CU HLD MBPS IOPS %FR PGAU ASC ASI ASW ASP   AAS USN  TPS UCPS SSRT DBC DBW
 1   0   0    0    1   5 133M   1   0   0   0   0.1   3    0    2   0u   0   0 
                                                                               
EVENT     (Cumulative)           TOT WAITS  TIME(s)  AVG_MS PCT  WAIT_CLASS   
DB CPU                                          218          68               
control file parallel write           5535       30     5.5   9  System I/O   
db file sequential read              10080       27     2.7   8  User I/O     
os thread startup                      198       25   124.9   8  Concurrency  
db file async I/O submit              2575       21     8.0   7  System I/O   
                                                                              
ID   SID  SPID USR PROG  PGA OPN SQLID/BLOCKER  E/T STATUS STE WAIT_EVENT  W/T
 1   148  8254 CHF DEDI   2M SEL 4agz3g5aajkdc    0 ACTIVE CPU wa for cpu   0u

参考文档:
oratop – utility for near real-time monitoring of databases, RAC and Single Instance (Doc ID 1500864.1)

发表在 Oracle | 评论关闭

使用_allow_resetlogs_corruption导致ORA-00704/ORA-01555故障

以前写过一篇乱用_allow_resetlogs_corruption参数导致悲剧的文章,昨天晚上又遇到一个朋友不谨慎使用_allow_resetlogs_corruption导致ORA-00704/ORA-01555故障
环境描述
系统环境:solaris
数据库版本:10.2.0.5.7
数据存储方式:ASM
数据量:15T以上
补充事宜:数据库SCN距离headroom只有54天

报ORA-00020错误,实例crash
数据库因为超过了系统的进程数,出现dbwn进程写数据文件异常

Sun Aug 25 16:00:41 CST 2013
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump/orcl_dbw0_7490.trc:
ORA-01148: 无法刷新数据文件 22 的文件大小
ORA-01110: 数据文件 22: '+DATA/orcl/datafile/index_jh.dbf'
ORA-00020: 超出最大进程数 ()
Sun Aug 25 16:00:41 CST 2013
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump/orcl_dbw0_7490.trc:
ORA-01242: 数据文件出现介质故障: 数据库处于 NOARCHIVELOG 模式
ORA-01110: 数据文件 22: '+DATA/orcl/datafile/index_jh.dbf'
Sun Aug 25 16:00:41 CST 2013
DBW0: terminating instance due to error 1242
Termination issued to instance processes. Waiting for the processes to exit
Sun Aug 25 16:00:51 CST 2013
Instance termination failed to kill one or more processes
Instance terminated by DBW0, pid = 7490

ORA-00600[kcbtema_10]
实例恢复出现ORA-00600: 内部错误代码, 参数: [kcbtema_10], [1], [], [], [], [], [], []

Sun Aug 25 19:19:23 CST 2013
ALTER DATABASE OPEN
Sun Aug 25 19:19:38 CST 2013
Beginning crash recovery of 1 threads
 parallel recovery started with 16 processes
Sun Aug 25 19:19:40 CST 2013
Started redo scan
Sun Aug 25 19:20:07 CST 2013
Completed redo scan
 12016413 redo blocks read, 93405 data blocks need recovery
Sun Aug 25 19:20:19 CST 2013
Started redo application at
 Thread 1: logseq 53681, block 1091966
Sun Aug 25 19:20:19 CST 2013
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 1 Seq 53681 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0: +DATA/orcl/onlinelog/redo_1_1.log
  Mem# 1: +DATA/orcl/onlinelog/redo_1_2.log
Sun Aug 25 19:20:21 CST 2013
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump/orcl_p011_16944.trc:
ORA-00600: 内部错误代码, 参数: [kcbtema_10], [1], [], [], [], [], [], []
Sun Aug 25 19:20:23 CST 2013
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump/orcl_p011_16944.trc:
ORA-00600: 内部错误代码, 参数: [kcbtema_10], [1], [], [], [], [], [], []
Sun Aug 25 19:20:23 CST 2013
Aborting crash recovery due to slave death, attempting serial crash recovery
Sun Aug 25 19:20:23 CST 2013
Beginning crash recovery of 1 threads
Sun Aug 25 19:20:23 CST 2013
Started redo scan
Sun Aug 25 19:20:47 CST 2013
Completed redo scan
 12016413 redo blocks read, 93405 data blocks need recovery
Sun Aug 25 19:20:54 CST 2013
Started redo application at
 Thread 1: logseq 53681, block 1091966
Sun Aug 25 19:20:54 CST 2013
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 1 Seq 53681 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0: +DATA/orcl/onlinelog/redo_1_1.log
  Mem# 1: +DATA/orcl/onlinelog/redo_1_2.log
Sun Aug 25 19:20:54 CST 2013
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/orcl/udump/orcl_ora_16751.trc:
ORA-00600: 内部错误代码, 参数: [kcbtema_10], [1], [], [], [], [], [], []
Sun Aug 25 19:20:56 CST 2013
Aborting crash recovery due to error 600
Sun Aug 25 19:20:56 CST 2013
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/orcl/udump/orcl_ora_16751.trc:
ORA-00600: 内部错误代码, 参数: [kcbtema_10], [1], [], [], [], [], [], []
ORA-600 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE OPEN...

使用隐含参数

ALTER SYSTEM SET _allow_resetlogs_corruption=TRUE SCOPE=SPFILE;

报ORA-00704/ORA-01555
因为在前面的恢复中进行了不完全恢复,因此这里加入隐含参数,然后尝试resetlogs,然后报如下错误

Sun Aug 25 20:11:54 CST 2013
alter database open resetlogs
Sun Aug 25 20:12:10 CST 2013
RESETLOGS is being done without consistancy checks. This may result
in a corrupted database. The database should be recreated.
RESETLOGS after incomplete recovery UNTIL CHANGE 13429649847189
Resetting resetlogs activation ID 1312390734 (0x4e397e4e)
Sun Aug 25 20:16:25 CST 2013
Setting recovery target incarnation to 2
Sun Aug 25 20:16:42 CST 2013
************************************************************
Warning: The SCN headroom for this database is only 54 days!
************************************************************
Sun Aug 25 20:16:43 CST 2013
Assigning activation ID 1352200163 (0x5098efe3)
Thread 1 opened at log sequence 1
  Current log# 1 seq# 1 mem# 0: +DATA/orcl/onlinelog/redo_1_1.log
  Current log# 1 seq# 1 mem# 1: +DATA/orcl/onlinelog/redo_1_2.log
Successful open of redo thread 1
Sun Aug 25 20:16:43 CST 2013
MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set
Sun Aug 25 20:16:52 CST 2013
SMON: enabling cache recovery
Sun Aug 25 20:16:52 CST 2013
ORA-01555 caused by SQL statement below (SQL ID: 4krwuz0ctqxdt, SCN: 0x0c36.d582339b):
Sun Aug 25 20:16:52 CST 2013
select ctime, mtime, stime from obj$ where obj# = :1
Sun Aug 25 20:16:52 CST 2013
Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/orcl/udump/orcl_ora_2859.trc:
ORA-00704: 引导程序进程失败
ORA-00704: 引导程序进程失败
ORA-00604: 递归 SQL 级别 1 出现错误
ORA-01555: 快照过旧: 回退段号 143 (名称为 "_SYSSMU143$") 过小
Error 704 happened during db open, shutting down database
USER: terminating instance due to error 704
Termination issued to instance processes. Waiting for the processes to exit
Sun Aug 25 20:17:02 CST 2013
Instance termination failed to kill one or more processes
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 2859
ORA-1092 signalled during: alter database open resetlogs...

数据库当前SCN

SQL > select CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# from v$database;

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
------------------
    13429649947222

SQL > select distinct CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# from v$datafile_header;

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
------------------
    13429649947222

解决方法
因为该数据库版本为10.2.0.5.7,已经包含了scn patch,因此不能使用event或者隐含参数来修改scn,而且该库容量15T以上(asm),因此也无法使用bbed修改数据文件头,最后决定使用ordebug来解决该问题
使用oradebug DUMPvar SGA kcsgscn_
使用oradebug poke

sqlplus / as sysdba
startup mount

oradebug setmypid
oradebug DUMPvar SGA kcsgscn_
oradebug poke 

recover database;
alter database open;

事后总结
查询MOS,发现ORA-00600[kcbtema_10] Raised During Recovery Operations (Doc ID 472282.1)

--故障原因
The cause of this problem has been identified and verified in unpublished Bug 5184359 ORA-600 [KCBTEMA_10].
Due to this bug, during recovery, the class designation of a data block has changed.
--处理方法 
SQL>startup mount
SQL>recover database;
SQL>alter database open;

因为MOS上给的解决思路在该数据库中已经无法尝试,不能确定该方法一定可行,但是对于本次的恢复过程中,没有任何直接recover database操作(只有一次不完全恢复)确实让人有无限的遗憾和可惜。对于本次应该先查询MOS,尝试该种方法,慎重使用_allow_resetlogs_corruption参数

发表在 非常规恢复 | 标签为 , , , , , | 评论关闭

ORACLE 12C dbms_utility.expand_sql_text 查看SQL视图基表

在ORACLE 12C之间的版本,如果一条sql中包含了N多视图,我们要查询这条sql访问了哪些基表,以及他们的关联条件是一件比较麻烦的时候,需要进入一个个视图然后一个个去分析,纯体力活,到了12C之后,ORACLE 提供了dbms_utility.expand_sql_text来获得某条sql所对应的全部基表,不用我们再一级一级的去看.

dbms_utility.expand_sql_text


创建测试表
三个表分别来自数据库的v$datafile,v$tablespace,v$tempfile视图

CDB_PDB@CHF> create table datafile
  2  as
  3  select * from v$datafile;

表已创建。

CDB_PDB@CHF> create table tablespace
  2  as
  3  select * from v$tablespace;

表已创建。

CDB_PDB@CHF> create table tempfile
  2  as
  3  select * from v$tempfile;

表已创建。

创建视图
创建三个视图,datafile与tablespace,tempfile与tablespace,这两个视图然后做union all产生新视图

CDB_PDB@CHF> create view v_xifenfei1 as
  2  select d.name dname,t.name tname from datafile d,tablespace t where d.ts#=t.ts#;

视图已创建。

CDB_PDB@CHF> create view v_xifenfei2 as
  2  select d.name dname,t.name tname from tempfile d,tablespace t where d.ts#=t.ts#;

视图已创建。

CDB_PDB@CHF> create view v_xifenfei
  2  as
  3  select * from v_xifenfei1
  4  union all
  5  select * from v_xifenfei2;

视图已创建。

找出查询视图sql对应基表

CDB_PDB@CHF>  set linesize 32767 pagesize 0 serveroutput on
CDB_PDB@CHF>  declare
  2     original_sql clob :='select * from v_xifenfei';
  3     expanded_sql clob := empty_clob();
  4  begin
  5      dbms_utility.expand_sql_text(original_sql,expanded_sql);
  6      dbms_output.put_line(expanded_sql);
  7  end;
  8  /
SELECT "A1"."DNAME" "DNAME","A1"."TNAME" "TNAME" FROM  ( (SELECT "A4"."DNAME" "DNAME","A4"."TNAME" "TNAME" FROM  (SELECT
 "A6"."NAME" "DNAME","A5"."NAME" "TNAME" FROM CHF."DATAFILE" "A6",CHF."TABLESPACE" "A5" WHERE "A6"."TS#"="A5"."TS#") "A4
") UNION ALL  (SELECT "A3"."DNAME" "DNAME","A3"."TNAME" "TNAME" FROM  (SELECT "A8"."NAME" "DNAME","A7"."NAME" "TNAME" FR
OM CHF."TEMPFILE" "A8",CHF."TABLESPACE" "A7" WHERE "A8"."TS#"="A7"."TS#") "A3")) "A1"

PL/SQL 过程已成功完成。

格式化sql语句

/* Formatted on 2013/8/24 22:33:33 (QP5 v5.227.12220.39754) */
SELECT "A1"."DNAME" "DNAME", "A1"."TNAME" "TNAME"
  FROM ( (SELECT "A4"."DNAME" "DNAME", "A4"."TNAME" "TNAME"
            FROM (SELECT "A6"."NAME" "DNAME", "A5"."NAME" "TNAME"
                    FROM CHF."DATAFILE" "A6", CHF."TABLESPACE" "A5"
                   WHERE "A6"."TS#" = "A5"."TS#") "A4")
        UNION ALL
        (SELECT "A3"."DNAME" "DNAME", "A3"."TNAME" "TNAME"
           FROM (SELECT "A8"."NAME" "DNAME", "A7"."NAME" "TNAME"
                   FROM CHF."TEMPFILE" "A8", CHF."TABLESPACE" "A7"
                  WHERE "A8"."TS#" = "A7"."TS#") "A3")) "A1"

这里就非常清晰的看到是datafile与tablespace、tempfile与tablespace做union all的sql语句

发表在 ORACLE 12C | 标签为 , | 评论关闭